Studies on the biological control of the cotton mealybug, Phenacoccus solenopsis (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) with Chrysoperla carnea (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae)

Öz

The cotton mealybug, Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae), which is a polyphagous pest, causes crop losses in many cultivated plants. Its nymphs and adults are covered with wax and the eggs are in a sac which makes the chemical control of this pest difficult. The green lacewing, Chrysoperla carnea (Stephen) (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae), is a polyphagous predator used in biological control programs. In this study, the potential for the use of C. carnea in the biological control of P. solenopsis was investigated. The experiments were carried out in 2018 and 2019 in a climate room (26±5 °C, 65±10% R. H. and 16:8 L:D) and in a greenhouse in cages containing eggplant plants infested with the pest. Larvae of the predator were released in the climate room and greenhouse at 6-10 and 9-15 larvae per plant, respectively. They fed on the pest, P. solenopsi, and reduced densities at all release rates in comparison to the controls. The density of the pest, which averaged 300 per leaf in the controls, did not exceed 150 per leaf, even at the lowest release rate of the predator. These results showed that C. carnea could be used in biological control of P. solenopsis, subject to further testing under field conditions.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Green lacewing
• Cotton mealypug
• eggplant
• release rate
• biological control

Pamuk unlubiti, Phenacoccus solenopsis (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae)’in Chrysoperla carnea (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae) ile biyolojik mücadelesi üzerine araştırmalar

Öz

Polifag bir zararlı olan Pamuk unlubiti, Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae), üretimi yapılan çok sayıda bitkide ürün kayıplarına neden olmaktadır. Yumurtaların kese içinde, nimf ve ergin bireylerin mum tabakasıyla kaplanmış olması, zararlının kimyasal mücadelesini güçleştirmektedir. Altın gözlü avcı böcek Chrysoperla carnea (Stephen) (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae) biyolojik mücadele uygulamalarında kullanılan polifag bir avcıdır. Bu çalışmada, P. solenopsis’in biyolojik mücadelesinde, C. carnea’nın kullanılabilme olanakları araştırılmıştır. Denemeler, 2018 ve 2019 yıllarında, iklim odası (26±5°C sıcaklık, %65±10 orantılı nem ve 16:8 A:K) ve serada, içerisinde P. solenopsis ile bulaşık patlıcan bitkileri bulunan kafeslerde gerçekleştirilmiştir. Avcı salımları iklim odası ve sera için sırasıyla bitki başına 6-10 ve 9-15 adet larva olacak şekilde yapılmıştır. Avcı larvaları zararlı ile beslenmiş ve tüm salım oranlarında P. solenopsis sayılarının kontrolden düşük olmasını sağlamıştır. Kontrolde yaprak başına ortalama 300 adede ulaşan zararlı yoğunluğu, en düşük salım oranında dahi yaprak başına ortalama 150 adedin üzerine çıkamamıştır. Sonuç olarak, elde edilen bulgular C. carnea’nın P. solenopsis’in biyolojik mücadelesinde kullanılabileceğini göstermiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Altıngözlü avcı böcek
• Pamuk unlubiti
• patlıcan
• salım oranı
• biyolojik mücadele

Kaynakça

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