Gelişimsel Konuşma Bozukluğu Olan Okul Öncesi Çocukların Davranış Problemleri

Öz

Amaç: Gelişimsel konuşma bozukluğu (GKB) tanısıyla izlenen çocuklar, yaşamları boyunca birçok olumsuz durumla karşılaşabilirler. Çalışmanın amacı, düşük/orta gelirli bir ülkede yaşayan 1.5-5 yaş arası GKB olan çocukların davranış problemlerini ve GKB risk faktörlerini araştırmaktır. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Bu vaka-kontrol çalışmasına, okul öncesi yaş grubundaki 101 çocuk (GKB tanısı olan 54 çocuk ve tipik gelişim gösteren (TD) 47 çocuk) dahil edildi. Her çocuğun gelişimi Erken Gelişim Envanteri kullanılarak gelişimsel pediatri uzmanı tarafından değerlendirildi. 1.5- 5 Yaş Çocukları İçin Davranış Değerlendirme Ölçeği ve Beck Depresyon Envanteri anneler tarafından dolduruldu. Sosyo-demografik özellikler ve ekran parametreleri, araştırmacılar tarafından geliştirilen anketle kaydedildi.Bulgular: Ebeveynlerle birlikte az kitap okunması, akraba evliliği ve ailede konuşma bozukluğu olan bir bireyin olması GKB açısından muhtemel risk faktörleri olarak saptandı. GKB tanısıyla izlenen okul öncesi çocukların, tipik gelişim gösteren çocuklara nazaran daha fazla davranış problemlerine sahip oldukları görüldü (uyku ve somatik problemler dışında) (p<0.05). Çoklu regresyon modelinde, çocukların yaşları, ebeveynlerin yaşları, babanın eğitim durumu, çocukların kendi odalarının olması ve annenin depresif belirtileri GKB tanısıyla izlenen çocukların davranış problemleriyle ilişkili bulundu. Sonuç: Çalışmanın bulguları doğrultusunda, akraba evliliği, ailede konuşma bozukluğu olan bireylerin olması ve ebeveynlerle daha az kitap okunması GKB gelişimiyle ilişkili bulunmuştur. GKB tanısıyla izlenen okul öncesi çocuklarda, davranış problemleri açısından dikkatli olunmalıdır. Anne depresyonu, baba eğitiminin düşük olması ve çocuğun kendine ait odasının olmaması GKB olan çocukların davranış problemlerinde öne çıkan risk faktörleri olabilir. Okul öncesi dönemde davranış şekillenmesinde ve dil gelişiminde ebeveynler önemli bir rol oynamaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Davranış problemleri
• Gelişimsel konuşma bozukluğu
• Okul öncesi dönem

Behavior problems of preschoolers with Developmental Language Disorder

Öz

Objective: Children with developmental language disorder (DLD) are prone to numerous adverse outcomes throughout their lives. The aim of the study was to investigate risk factors and behavior problems in children aged 1.5 to 5 years with DLD in a low/middle-income country. Material and Methods: This case-control study included 101 preschoolers (54 children with DLD and 47 children with typical development (TD)). A developmental pediatrician evaluated each child’s development using the Ages and Stages Questionnaire. Children Behavior Checklist and Beck Depression Inventory were completed by mothers. Socio-demographic information and screen parameters were obtained using a researcher-developed form. Results: Risk factors for DLD were identified as less frequent reading books with parents, consanguineous marriage, and having a family member with language disorders. Preschoolers with DLD had more behavior problems (except sleep and somatic problems) than preschoolers with TD (p<0.050). The risk factors for behavior problems of preschooler with DLD in the multivariable regression model included: ages of parents and children, paternal education, lack of having their own room, and maternal depressive symptoms. Conclusion: Consistent with the findings of this study, consanguineous marriage, family history of language disorders, and infrequent reading of books with parents were associated with the development of DLD. Attention should be given to behavioral problems in preschool children with DLD. Maternal depressive symptoms, lower paternal education, younger father, and lack of having their own room can be highlighted factors for behavior problems of children with DLD. Parents play a crucial role in shaping behavior and language development during the preschool period.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Behavior problems
• Developmental language disorder
• Preschool period

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