The Internet of Things at the Intersection of Architecture and Disaster-Emergency Management Processes

Öz

In the future, it is believed that the Internet of Things (IoT) will play a significant role in the interaction between disaster and emergency processes and the field of architecture. Therefore, the aim of the article is to analyze contemporary studies related to IoT in the intersection of architecture and disaster-emergency processes and to make predictions about the interaction between disaster and emergency processes and the discipline of architecture with the assistance of IoT technologies. In the study, postgraduate theses were obtained from Proquest and YökTez; high-quality scientific publications were obtained from ScienceDirect and Web of Science databases were analyzed using content analysis method. A total of 13 studies related to architecture and IoT, and 96 studies related to disaster and IoT, were analyzed based on their titles, abstracts, and keywords. Given the significant role of the Covid-19 pandemic as a breaking point in the effective use of current technologies in daily life, the research period was set between the years of 2016-2023, encompassing both pre-pandemic and post-pandemic periods. The analysis revealed that IoT in the interaction between disaster and emergency processes and architecture is poised to lead interdisciplinary processes in research topics related to sustainability and smart technologies.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Architecture
• Disaster and emergency
• Internet of things
• Digital transformation
• Disaster management

Mimarlık ve Afet-Acil Durum Süreci Arakesitinde Nesnelerin İnterneti

Öz

Gelecekte, nesnelerin internetinin (IoT) afet ve acil durum süreçleriyle mimarlık arasındaki etkileşimde büyük rol oynayacağı düşünülmektedir. Dolayısıyla makalede mimarlık ve afet-acil durum süreci arakesitinde IoT ile ilişkili güncel çalışmaları analiz ederek IoT teknolojileri yardımıyla afet ve acil durum süreçlerinin mimarlıkla etkileşimi üzerine öngörülerde bulunmak amaçlanmaktadır. Çalışmada içerik analizi yöntemi ile lisansüstü tezler, Proquest ve YökTez üzerinden; nitelikli bilimsel yayınlar ise ScienceDirect ve Web of Science veri tabanlarından elde edilmiştir. Mimarlık ve IoT ile ilgili 13, afet ve IoT ilgili 96 çalışma; başlık, özet ve anahtar kelimeler üzerinden analiz edilmiştir. Güncel teknolojilerin gündelik yaşamda etkin kullanımı anlamında Covid 19 pandemisinin önemli bir kırılma noktası olduğu düşünülerek araştırma aralığı pandemi öncesi ve sonrası olmak üzere 2016 - 2023 yılları olarak belirlenmiştir. Analizler sonucunda afet ve acil durum süreçleriyle mimarlık arasındaki etkileşimde IoT’nin sürdürülebilirlik ve akıllı teknolojiler araştırma başlıklarında disiplinler arası süreçlere öncülük edeceği ortaya çıkmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Mimarlık
• Afet ve acil durum
• Nesnelerin interneti
• Dijital dönüşüm
• Afet yönetimi

Kaynakça

1. Adil M., Khan M.K., 2021. Emerging IoT applications in sustainable smart cities for COVID-19: Network security and data preservation challenges with future directions, Sustainable Cities and Society, 75, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scs.2021.103311.
2. Agrawal S., 2022. Architecture Technologies: 9 Recent Technological Advancements in Architecture That Architects Must Know, Erişim adresi: https://www.re-thinkingthefuture.com/rtf-fresh-perspectives/a1034-9-recent-technological-advancements-in-architecture-that-architects-must-know/.
3. Al Khalidi M., Al-Rqaibat S., Okour Y., 2022. Postgraduate disciplinary trends in architecture: Mapping master theses in Jordan, Archnet-IJAR, 16(3), 653-670, https://doi.org/10.1108/ARCH-08-2021-0212.
4. Álvarez-Díaz R., 2022. How Technology Is Transforming Architectural Design, Erişim adresi: https://www.alvarezdiazvillalon.com/blog/how-technology-is-transforming-architectural-design.
5. Aman D.D., 2019. Olası Marmara depreminde toplanma alanları yer seçim kriterlerinin belirlenmesi: İstanbul Bağcılar örneği, Doktora Tezi, İstanbul Teknik Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, İstanbul, 377s.
6. Ashton K., 2009. That ‘Internet of Things’ thing: In the real world things matter more than ideas, Expert Views, RFID Journal.
7. Beecham Research, 2022. Word of IoT Sector Map, Beecham Research, Erişim adresi: https://www.beechamresearch.com/download-details/world-of-iot-sector-map/.
8. BIMTeknoloji, 2019. BIM + IoT Kombinasyonu İnşaat Dünyasını Değiştirebilir Mi?, Erişim adresi: https://www.bimteknoloji.com/teknoloji/bim-iot-kombinasyonu-insaat-dunyasini-degistirebilir-mi/.

9. Cicioğlu M., Çalhan A., 2020. IoT‐based wireless body area networks for disaster cases, International Journal of Communication Systems. 33(13), 38-64. https://doi.org/10.1002/dac.3864.
10. Çağlayan N., Satoğlu Ş.I., Kapukaya E.N., 2018. Afet Yönetiminde Büyük Veri ve Veri Analitiği Uygulamaları: Literatür Araştırması, 7. Ulusal Lojistik ve Tedarik Zinciri Kongresi, 3-5 Mayıs 2018, Bursa, Türkiye, Erişim adresi: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/326186476_AFET_YONETIMINDE_BUYUK_VERI_VE_VERI_ANALITIGI_UYGULAMALARI_LITERATUR_ARASTIRMASI.
11. Das R., Tuna G., Tuna A., 2015. Design and implementation of a smart home for the elderly and disabled, IJCNA: International Journal of Computer Networks and Applications, 2(6), 242-246.
12. Designblendz Team, 2022. 8 Major Technology Advancements Altering Architecture, Erişim adresi: https://www.designblendz.com/blog/the-power-of-technology-in-architecture-today.
13. Ekoyapı, 2022. Mimari ve Tasarımda En İyi 7 IoT Uygulaması, Ekoyapı, Erişim adresi: https://www.ekoyapidergisi.org/mimari-ve-tasarimda-en-iyi-7-iot-uygulamasi.
14. Evans D., 2012. The Internet of Everything: How More Relevant and Valuable Connections Will Change the World, Cisco Internet Business Solutions Group (IBSG), Cisco Systems, Inc., San Jose, 1-9.
15. Fang H., Lo S., Lo J.T.Y., 2021. Building fire evacuation: An IoT-aided perspective in the 5G era, Buildings, 11(12), https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings11120643.
16. Gökrem L., Bozoklu M., 2016. Nesnelerin interneti: Yapılan çalışmalar ve ülkemizdeki mevcut durum, Gaziosmanpaşa Bilimsel Araştırma Dergisi, 13. 47-68.
17. Gündüz M.Z., Daş R., 2018. Internet of things (IoT): Evolution, components and applications fields, Pamukkale University Journal of Engineering Sciences, 24(2), 327-335. https://doi.org/10.5505/pajes.2017.89106.
18. Habibi Rad M., Mojtahedi M., Ostwald M.J., 2021. Industry 4.0, disaster risk management and infrastructure resilience: A systematic review and bibliometric analysis, Buildings, 11(9), https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings11090411.
19. Hasan M.M., Rahman M.A., Sedigh A., Khasanah A.U., Asyhari A.T., Tao H., Bakar S.A., 2021. Search and rescue operation in flooded areas: a survey on emerging sensor networking-enabled IoT-oriented technologies and applications, Cognitive Systems Research, 67, 104-123.
20. IFRC, 2020. World Disasters Report 2020, International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRC), Erişim adresi: https://www.ifrc.org/document/world-disasters-report-2020.
21. Iqbal A., Ullah F., Anwar H., Kwak K.S., Imran M., Jamal W., ur Rahman A., 2018. Interoperable internet-of-things platform for smart home system using web-of-objects and cloud, Sustainable Cities and Society, 38, 636-46.
22. İlerisoy Z.Y. Sarıcıoğlu P., Soyluk A., 2021. Mimarlık ve Endüstri 4.0 eşleşmesi, Yapı, 464, 12-17.
23. Jiang T., Yang M., Zhang Y., 2012. Research and implementation of M2M smart home and security system, Security and Communication Networks, 8(16), 2704-2411, https://doi.org/10.1002/sec.569.
24. Kadıoğlu M., 2008. Modern Bütünleşik Afet Yönetimi Temel İlkeleri, (In: Afet Zararlarını Azaltmanın Temel İlkeleri, Editors: Kadıoğlu, M., Özdamar, E., 368 s.), 1-34.
25. López-de-Armentia J., Casado-Mansilla D., López-de-Ipiña D., 2012. Fighting Against Vampire Appliances through Eco-Aware Things, Sixth International Conference on Innovative Mobile and Internet Services in Ubiquitous Computing, 4-6 July 2012, https://doi.org/10.1109/IMIS.2012.112.
26. Morvaj B., Lugaric L., Krajcar S., 2011. Demonstrating Smart Buildings and Smart Grid Features in a Smart Energy City, Proceedings of the 2011 3rd International Youth Conference on Energetic (IYCE), 7-9 July 2011, Erişim adresi: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/6028313.
27. Nolle T., 2023. AI and IoT: How do the internet of things and AI work together?, Erişim adresi: https://www.techtarget.com/iotagenda/tip/AI-and-IoT-How-do-the-internet-of-things-and-AI-work-together.
28. OECD, 2020. Digital Transformation in the Age of COVID-19: Building Resilience and Bridging Divides, Digital Economy Outlook 2020 Supplement, OECD., Erişim adresi: https://web-archive.oecd.org/2020-11-27/571878-digital-economy-outlook-covid.pdf
29. Özel G., 2019. [Video], Türkiye Innovation Week, 2019. [Video]. Erişim adresi: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oGCUao8RUCo/erişim.
30. Pillai A.S., Chandraprasad G.S., Khwaja A.S., Anpalagan A., 2021. A service oriented IoT architecture for disaster preparedness and forecasting system, Internet of Things, 14, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.iot.2019.100076.
31. RPMA Networks, 2020a. Smart Building [Video], RPMA Networks Erişim adresi: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EIBQmvCOB9M&t=148s&ab_channel=RPMANetworks.
32. RPMA Networks, 2020b. Smart Fire, RPMA Networks , Erişim adresi: https://rpmanetworks.com/smart-fire/.
33. Rouse M., 2020. Nesnelerin İnterneti ve Geleceğin Şehirleri: Akıllı Şehirler Hayatımızda Neleri Değiştirecek?, Evrim Ağacı. Erişim adresi: https://evrimagaci.org/nesnelerin-interneti-ve-gelecegin-sehirleri-akilli-sehirler-hayatimizda-neleri-degistirecek-9024.
34. Saribardak E., 2019. How IoT Empowers GPS Tracking Technology, TechTarget, Erişim adresi: https://www.techtarget.com/iotagenda/blog/IoT-Agenda/How-IoT-empowers-GPS-tracking-technology.
35. Sofuoğlu T., 2022. Acil Durum ve Afetlerde Yeni Nesil Teknolojiler, Erişim adresi: https://tatd.org.tr/afet/afet-yazi-dizisi/acil-durum-ve-afetlerde-yeni-nesil-teknolojiler/.
36. Ültay E., Akyurt H., Ültay N., 2021. Sosyal bilimlerde betimsel içerik analizi, IBAD Journal of Social Sciences, 10, 188-201, https://doi.org/10.21733/ibad.871703.
37. Yu J., Kim M., Bang H., Bae S., Kim S.J., 2016. IoT as a applications: cloud-based building management systems for the internet of things, Multimedia Tools and Applications, 75(22), 14583-14586, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11042-015-2785-0.