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Bingöl İli Hayvancılık Gübresinden Anaerobik Çürütme ile Biyogaz Üretim Potansiyelinin Araştırılması

Yıl 2022, , 116 - 122, 25.03.2022
https://doi.org/10.46810/tdfd.1031911

Öz

Biyogaz, sürekliliği olan alternatif enerji kaynaklarından biridir. Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu (TÜİK)’ndan alınan Bingöl iline ait 2015-2020 yılları arasındaki büyükbaş, küçükbaş ve kanatlı hayvan sayıları verilerine göre yıllık biyogaz potansiyeli hesaplanmıştır. Ayrıca, Bingöl ilinde bulunan ilçelerin 2020 yılı hayvan verilerine göre yaş ve kullanılabilir gübre miktarı, biyogaz potansiyeli, elektrik enerjisi ve ısı enerjisi miktarları belirlenmiştir. Elde edilen verilere göre, 2015-2020 yılları arasında biyogaz enerjisi potansiyelinin 39.02 milyon m3 ile en fazla 2018 yılında, 36.1 m3 ile en az 2019 yılında, 2020 yılında ise 36.5 milyon m3 olabileceği görülmüştür. 2020 yılında Bingöl ilçelerindeki biyogaz enerjisi potansiyeli 263 bin m3 - 12.65 milyon m3 arasında değişmiştir. 2020 yılı içerisinde Bingöl ilindeki 865202’si büyükbaş ve küçükbaş olmak üzere toplam 5694302 hayvandan, yaklaşık 754 bin ton kullanılabilir gübre, 36.5 milyon m3 biyogaz, 171.4 GWh elektrik enerjisi ve 171449*106 kcal m-3 ısı enerjisi elde edilebilecektir. Bingöl'de kurulacak biyogaz enerji üretim tesisleri, yenilenebilir enerji kaynaklarının kullanımının artırılmasına, metan gazı emisyonlarının azaltılmasına, çiftçilerin veya hanelerin bazı enerji ihtiyaçlarının karşılanmasına olanak sağlayacaktır.

Kaynakça

  • Referans1 Türkeş, M. What is climate change? basic definition, causes, observed and predicted results of climate change. Climate Change and Enviroment 2008;1(1):26-37.
  • Referans2 Kılıçkap, S., El, E., Yıldız, C. Investigation of the effect on the efficiency of phase change material placed in solar collector tank. Thermal Science and Engineering Progress 2018;5:25-31.
  • Referans3 Cudjoe, D., Han, M.S., Nandiwardhana, A.P. Electricity generation using biogas from organic fraction of municipal solid waste generated in provinces of china: techno-economic and environmental impact analysis. Fuel Processing Technology 2020;203:106381.
  • Referans4 Jelínek, M., Mazancová, J., Van Dung, D., Banout, J., Roubík, H. Quantification of the impact of partial replacement of traditional cooking fuels by biogas on global warming: evidence from vietnam. Journal of Cleaner Production 2021;292:126007.
  • Referans5 Ni, M., Leung, D.Y., Leung, M.K., Sumathy, K. An overview of hydrogen production from biomass. Fuel Processing Technology 2006;87(5):461-472.
  • Referans6 Zhang, L., Xu, C.C., Champagne, P. Overview of recent advances in thermo-chemical conversion of biomass. Energy Conversion and Management 2010;51(5):969-982.
  • Referans7 Appels, L., Lauwers, J., Degrève, J., Helsen, L., Lievens, B., Willems, K. Anaerobic digestion in global bio-energy production: potential and research challenges. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 2011;15(9):4295-4301.
  • Referans8 Nkoa, R. Agricultural benefits and environmental risks of soil fertilization with anaerobic digestates: a review. Agron Sustain Dev 2014;34:473-492.
  • Referans9 Bharathiraja, B., Sudharsana, T., Jayamuthunagai, J., Praveenkumar, R., Chozhavendhan, S., Iyyappan, J. Biogas production–a review on composition, fuel properties, feed stock and principles of anaerobic digestion. Renewable and Sustainable Energy reviews 2018;90(April):570-582.
  • Referans10 Anonymous [Internet]. U.S. Environmental protection agency; 2021 [cited 2021 April 21]. Available from: www.epa.gov/methane
  • Referans11 Kossman, W., Pönitz, U., Habermehl, S., Hoerz, T., Kramer, P., Klingler, B. Information and advisory service on appropriate technology (ISAT). GATE in Deutsche Gesellschaft für Technische Zusammenarbeit (GTZ) 1; 1996.
  • Referans12 Öztürk, M. Biogas production from animal manure. Republic of Turkey Ministry of Environment and Urbanisation, Ankara 2005;5:8-18.
  • Referans13 Náthia-Neves, G., Berni, M., Dragone, G., Mussatto, S.I., Forster-Carneiro, T. Anaerobic digestion process: technological aspects and recent developments. International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology 2018;15(9):2033-2046.
  • Referans14 Dağtekin, M., Aybek, A., Bilgili, M.E. Evaluation of biogas and electricity production potential of fertilizer in broiler poultry houses in adana and mersin. Çukurova University Journal of the Faculty of Engineering and Architecture 2019;34(2):9-22.
  • Referans15 Yağlı, H., Koç, Y. Determination of biogas production potential from animal manure: a case calculation for adana province. Çukurova University Journal of the Faculty of Engineering and Architecture 2019;34(3):35-48.
  • Referans16 Şenol, H., Elibol, E.A., Açıkel, Ü., Şenol, M. Primary biomass sources for biogas production in turkey. BEU Journal of Science 2017a;6(2):81-92.
  • Referans17 Yetiş, A.D., Gazigil, L., Yetiş, R., Çelikezen, B. Biogas potential from animal waste: a case study for bitlis province. Academic Platform Journal of Engineering and Science 2019;7(1):74-78.
  • Referans18 Akyürek, Z. Energy recovery from animal manure: biogas potential of burdur, turkey. Eskişehir Technical University Journal of Science and Technology A-Applied Sciences and Engineering 2019;20(2):161-170.
  • Referans19 Ulusoy, Y., Arslan, R., Ulukardeşler, A.H., Kaplan, C., Kul, B., Arslan. R. Biogas potential of agricultural organic waste in bursa and investigation of use of biogas as a fuel in diesel engines. Journal of Agricultural Faculty of Uludag University 2015;29(2).
  • Referans20 Akbulut, A., Dikici, A. Biogas potential and cost analysis of elazig province. Fırat University Research of Eastern Anatolia Region 2004;2(2):36-41.
  • Referans21 Seyhan, A.K., Badem, A. Investigation of biogas potential of animal wastes in erzincan province. Academic Platform Journal of Engineering and Science 2018;6(1):25-35.
  • Referans22 Karaca, C. Determination of biogas production potential from animal manure in hatay province. Journal of Agricultural Faculty of Mustafa Kemal University 2017;22(1):34-39.
  • Referans23 Gökdoğan, O. Greenhouse heating with the energy that can be acquired from isparta province’s animal waste. Academia Journal of Nature and Human Sciences 2019;5(1):27-34.
  • Referans24 Ay, Ö.F., Kaya, A. Biogas potential from animal waste of kahramanmaraş province. Journal of the Institute of Science and Technology 2020;10(4):2822-2830.
  • Referans25 Poyraz, H.N., Elden, G., Genç, G. Investigation of the biogas and electric production potential and cost from the cattle waste in kayseri. Dicle University Journal of Engineering 2020;11(3):1175-1185.
  • Referans26 Çağlayan, G., Koçer, N. Evaluation of the potential of livestock breeding in the city of muş for the research of biogas production. Muş Alparslan University Journal of Science 2014;2(1):215-220.
  • Referans27 Aktaş, T., Özer, B., Soyak, G., Ertürk, M.C. Determination of the electricity generation potential from animal biogas in tekirdag city. Journal of Agricultural Machinery Science 2015;11(1):69-74.
  • Referans28 Taşova, M., Yazarel, S. Determination of biogas and energy potential of animal wastes in yozgat province. International Journal of Life Sciences and Biotechnology 2019;2(1):16-24.
  • Referans29 Weiland, P. Biogas production: current state and perspectives. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2010;85:849–860.
  • Referans30 Vanholme, B., Desmet, T., Ronsse, F., Rabaey, K., Breusegem, F., De Mey, M. Towards a carbon-negative sustainable bio-based economy. Front Plant Sci. 2013;4:174.
  • Referans31 Lozanovski, A., Lindner, J.P., Bos, U. Environmental evaluation and comparison of selected industrial scale biomethane production facilities across europe. The International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment 2014;19(11):1823-1832.
  • Referans32 McKendry, P. Energy production from biomass (part 2): conversion technologies. Bioresource Technology 2002;83(1):47-54.
  • Referans33 Abuşoğlu, A., Demir, S., Kanoğlu, M. thermoeconomic analysis of a biogas engine powered cogeneration system. J. Of Thermal Science and Technology 2013;33(2):9-21.
  • Referans34 Kayişoğlu, B., Göncü, S. Determination of commercially available biogas production capacity and effects on methane capture in tekirdağ province. Tekirdağ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 2020;17(3),445-455.
  • Referans35 Cebula, J., Chygryn, O., Chayen, S.V., Pimonenko, T. Biogas as an alternative energy source in ukraine and israel: current issues and benefits. Int. J. Environmental Technology and Management 2018;21(5/6):421–438.
  • Referans36 Rajendran, K., Aslanzadeh, S., Taherzadeh, M.J. Household biogas digesters– a review. Energies 2012;5:2911-2942.
  • Referans37 Şenol, H., Elibol, E.A., Açıkel, Ü., Şenol, M. Major organic waste sources in ankara for biogas production. BEU Journal of Science 2017b;6(2):15-28.
  • Referans38 Anonymous [Internet]. Turkish statistic institution; 2021 [cited 2021 April 16]. Available from: https://www.tuik.gov.tr/
  • Referans39 Anonymous [Internet]. Republic of turkey ministry of agriculture and forestry, bingöl animal data report; 2021 [cited 2021 April 12]. Available from: https://www.tarimorman.gov.tr/SGB/TARYAT/Belgeler/il_yatirim_rehberleri/Bingöl.pdf
  • Referans40 Anonymous [Internet]. Bingöl districts; 2021 [cited 2021 April 16]. Available from: https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dosya:Bing%C3%B6l_districts.png
  • Referans41 Avcıoğlu, A. O., Çolak, A., Türker, U. Biogas potential from chicken waste in turkey. Journal of Tekirdag Faculty of Agriculture, 2013;10(1),21-28.
  • Referans42 Koca, H., Sever, R. Cow and sheep husbandry in karlıova (Upper Göynük Village Area). Eastern Geographical Review 2006;11(16):165-192.
  • Referans43 Deniz, Y. Biogas potential and its benefits in turkey. Ankara; 1987.
  • Referans44 Türkmenler, H., Varınca, K., Can, R. Final report of biogas workshop, Adıyaman University Faculty of Engineering; 2021 [cited 2021 April 27] Available from: https://biyoenerjidergisi.com/50-milyon-liralik-biyogaz-tesisi/.
  • Referans45 Salihoğlu, N.K., Teksoy, A., Altan, K. Determination of biogas production potential from cattle and sheep wastes: balikesir case study. Omer Halisdemir University Journal of Engineering Sciences 2019;8(1):31-47.
  • Referans46 Lan, W., Chen, G., Zhu, X., Wang, X., Xu, B. Progress in techniques of biomass conversioninto syngas. J Energy Inst 2015;88:151-156.
  • Referans47 Anonymous [Internet]. Calculation of 1 kwh electricity price; 2021 [cited 2021 May 1]. Available from: https://gazelektrik.com/faydali-bilgiler/1-kwh-elektrik-kac-tl
  • Referans48 Işık, S., Yıldız, C. Improving thermal energy storage efficiency of solar collector tanks by placing phase change materials in novel finned-type cells. Thermal Science and Engineering Progress, 2020;19,100618.

Investigation of Biogas Production Potential from Livestock Manure by Anaerobic Digestion in Bingöl Province

Yıl 2022, , 116 - 122, 25.03.2022
https://doi.org/10.46810/tdfd.1031911

Öz

Biogas is one of the sustained alternative energy sources. The annual biogas potential of Bingöl province was calculated according to the data of bovine, ovine and poultry animals between 2015-2020 years which were obtained from the Turkish Statistical Institute (TSI). In addition, liquid and available manure amount, biogas potential, electrical energy and heat energy amounts were determined according to the animal data of the districts in Bingöl province for 2020. It is estimated that the biogas energy potential between 2015-2020 years with 39.02 million m3 will be the most in 2018, with 36.1 m3 the least in 2019 and 36.5 million m3 in 2020. In 2020, the biogas energy potential of the districts were found among; 263 thousand m3-12.65 million m3. It is clear that in Bingöl province in 2020 from a total number of 5694302 livestock, 865202 of which are bovine and ovine that approximately 754 thousand tons of utilizable manure, 36.5 million m3 biogas, 171.4 GWh electrical energy and 171449*106 kcal m-3 heat energy can be obtained. A facility to be established in Bingöl will enable to increase the use of renewable energy sources, decrease methane gas emissions and meet energy needs of farmers or householders.

Kaynakça

  • Referans1 Türkeş, M. What is climate change? basic definition, causes, observed and predicted results of climate change. Climate Change and Enviroment 2008;1(1):26-37.
  • Referans2 Kılıçkap, S., El, E., Yıldız, C. Investigation of the effect on the efficiency of phase change material placed in solar collector tank. Thermal Science and Engineering Progress 2018;5:25-31.
  • Referans3 Cudjoe, D., Han, M.S., Nandiwardhana, A.P. Electricity generation using biogas from organic fraction of municipal solid waste generated in provinces of china: techno-economic and environmental impact analysis. Fuel Processing Technology 2020;203:106381.
  • Referans4 Jelínek, M., Mazancová, J., Van Dung, D., Banout, J., Roubík, H. Quantification of the impact of partial replacement of traditional cooking fuels by biogas on global warming: evidence from vietnam. Journal of Cleaner Production 2021;292:126007.
  • Referans5 Ni, M., Leung, D.Y., Leung, M.K., Sumathy, K. An overview of hydrogen production from biomass. Fuel Processing Technology 2006;87(5):461-472.
  • Referans6 Zhang, L., Xu, C.C., Champagne, P. Overview of recent advances in thermo-chemical conversion of biomass. Energy Conversion and Management 2010;51(5):969-982.
  • Referans7 Appels, L., Lauwers, J., Degrève, J., Helsen, L., Lievens, B., Willems, K. Anaerobic digestion in global bio-energy production: potential and research challenges. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 2011;15(9):4295-4301.
  • Referans8 Nkoa, R. Agricultural benefits and environmental risks of soil fertilization with anaerobic digestates: a review. Agron Sustain Dev 2014;34:473-492.
  • Referans9 Bharathiraja, B., Sudharsana, T., Jayamuthunagai, J., Praveenkumar, R., Chozhavendhan, S., Iyyappan, J. Biogas production–a review on composition, fuel properties, feed stock and principles of anaerobic digestion. Renewable and Sustainable Energy reviews 2018;90(April):570-582.
  • Referans10 Anonymous [Internet]. U.S. Environmental protection agency; 2021 [cited 2021 April 21]. Available from: www.epa.gov/methane
  • Referans11 Kossman, W., Pönitz, U., Habermehl, S., Hoerz, T., Kramer, P., Klingler, B. Information and advisory service on appropriate technology (ISAT). GATE in Deutsche Gesellschaft für Technische Zusammenarbeit (GTZ) 1; 1996.
  • Referans12 Öztürk, M. Biogas production from animal manure. Republic of Turkey Ministry of Environment and Urbanisation, Ankara 2005;5:8-18.
  • Referans13 Náthia-Neves, G., Berni, M., Dragone, G., Mussatto, S.I., Forster-Carneiro, T. Anaerobic digestion process: technological aspects and recent developments. International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology 2018;15(9):2033-2046.
  • Referans14 Dağtekin, M., Aybek, A., Bilgili, M.E. Evaluation of biogas and electricity production potential of fertilizer in broiler poultry houses in adana and mersin. Çukurova University Journal of the Faculty of Engineering and Architecture 2019;34(2):9-22.
  • Referans15 Yağlı, H., Koç, Y. Determination of biogas production potential from animal manure: a case calculation for adana province. Çukurova University Journal of the Faculty of Engineering and Architecture 2019;34(3):35-48.
  • Referans16 Şenol, H., Elibol, E.A., Açıkel, Ü., Şenol, M. Primary biomass sources for biogas production in turkey. BEU Journal of Science 2017a;6(2):81-92.
  • Referans17 Yetiş, A.D., Gazigil, L., Yetiş, R., Çelikezen, B. Biogas potential from animal waste: a case study for bitlis province. Academic Platform Journal of Engineering and Science 2019;7(1):74-78.
  • Referans18 Akyürek, Z. Energy recovery from animal manure: biogas potential of burdur, turkey. Eskişehir Technical University Journal of Science and Technology A-Applied Sciences and Engineering 2019;20(2):161-170.
  • Referans19 Ulusoy, Y., Arslan, R., Ulukardeşler, A.H., Kaplan, C., Kul, B., Arslan. R. Biogas potential of agricultural organic waste in bursa and investigation of use of biogas as a fuel in diesel engines. Journal of Agricultural Faculty of Uludag University 2015;29(2).
  • Referans20 Akbulut, A., Dikici, A. Biogas potential and cost analysis of elazig province. Fırat University Research of Eastern Anatolia Region 2004;2(2):36-41.
  • Referans21 Seyhan, A.K., Badem, A. Investigation of biogas potential of animal wastes in erzincan province. Academic Platform Journal of Engineering and Science 2018;6(1):25-35.
  • Referans22 Karaca, C. Determination of biogas production potential from animal manure in hatay province. Journal of Agricultural Faculty of Mustafa Kemal University 2017;22(1):34-39.
  • Referans23 Gökdoğan, O. Greenhouse heating with the energy that can be acquired from isparta province’s animal waste. Academia Journal of Nature and Human Sciences 2019;5(1):27-34.
  • Referans24 Ay, Ö.F., Kaya, A. Biogas potential from animal waste of kahramanmaraş province. Journal of the Institute of Science and Technology 2020;10(4):2822-2830.
  • Referans25 Poyraz, H.N., Elden, G., Genç, G. Investigation of the biogas and electric production potential and cost from the cattle waste in kayseri. Dicle University Journal of Engineering 2020;11(3):1175-1185.
  • Referans26 Çağlayan, G., Koçer, N. Evaluation of the potential of livestock breeding in the city of muş for the research of biogas production. Muş Alparslan University Journal of Science 2014;2(1):215-220.
  • Referans27 Aktaş, T., Özer, B., Soyak, G., Ertürk, M.C. Determination of the electricity generation potential from animal biogas in tekirdag city. Journal of Agricultural Machinery Science 2015;11(1):69-74.
  • Referans28 Taşova, M., Yazarel, S. Determination of biogas and energy potential of animal wastes in yozgat province. International Journal of Life Sciences and Biotechnology 2019;2(1):16-24.
  • Referans29 Weiland, P. Biogas production: current state and perspectives. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2010;85:849–860.
  • Referans30 Vanholme, B., Desmet, T., Ronsse, F., Rabaey, K., Breusegem, F., De Mey, M. Towards a carbon-negative sustainable bio-based economy. Front Plant Sci. 2013;4:174.
  • Referans31 Lozanovski, A., Lindner, J.P., Bos, U. Environmental evaluation and comparison of selected industrial scale biomethane production facilities across europe. The International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment 2014;19(11):1823-1832.
  • Referans32 McKendry, P. Energy production from biomass (part 2): conversion technologies. Bioresource Technology 2002;83(1):47-54.
  • Referans33 Abuşoğlu, A., Demir, S., Kanoğlu, M. thermoeconomic analysis of a biogas engine powered cogeneration system. J. Of Thermal Science and Technology 2013;33(2):9-21.
  • Referans34 Kayişoğlu, B., Göncü, S. Determination of commercially available biogas production capacity and effects on methane capture in tekirdağ province. Tekirdağ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 2020;17(3),445-455.
  • Referans35 Cebula, J., Chygryn, O., Chayen, S.V., Pimonenko, T. Biogas as an alternative energy source in ukraine and israel: current issues and benefits. Int. J. Environmental Technology and Management 2018;21(5/6):421–438.
  • Referans36 Rajendran, K., Aslanzadeh, S., Taherzadeh, M.J. Household biogas digesters– a review. Energies 2012;5:2911-2942.
  • Referans37 Şenol, H., Elibol, E.A., Açıkel, Ü., Şenol, M. Major organic waste sources in ankara for biogas production. BEU Journal of Science 2017b;6(2):15-28.
  • Referans38 Anonymous [Internet]. Turkish statistic institution; 2021 [cited 2021 April 16]. Available from: https://www.tuik.gov.tr/
  • Referans39 Anonymous [Internet]. Republic of turkey ministry of agriculture and forestry, bingöl animal data report; 2021 [cited 2021 April 12]. Available from: https://www.tarimorman.gov.tr/SGB/TARYAT/Belgeler/il_yatirim_rehberleri/Bingöl.pdf
  • Referans40 Anonymous [Internet]. Bingöl districts; 2021 [cited 2021 April 16]. Available from: https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dosya:Bing%C3%B6l_districts.png
  • Referans41 Avcıoğlu, A. O., Çolak, A., Türker, U. Biogas potential from chicken waste in turkey. Journal of Tekirdag Faculty of Agriculture, 2013;10(1),21-28.
  • Referans42 Koca, H., Sever, R. Cow and sheep husbandry in karlıova (Upper Göynük Village Area). Eastern Geographical Review 2006;11(16):165-192.
  • Referans43 Deniz, Y. Biogas potential and its benefits in turkey. Ankara; 1987.
  • Referans44 Türkmenler, H., Varınca, K., Can, R. Final report of biogas workshop, Adıyaman University Faculty of Engineering; 2021 [cited 2021 April 27] Available from: https://biyoenerjidergisi.com/50-milyon-liralik-biyogaz-tesisi/.
  • Referans45 Salihoğlu, N.K., Teksoy, A., Altan, K. Determination of biogas production potential from cattle and sheep wastes: balikesir case study. Omer Halisdemir University Journal of Engineering Sciences 2019;8(1):31-47.
  • Referans46 Lan, W., Chen, G., Zhu, X., Wang, X., Xu, B. Progress in techniques of biomass conversioninto syngas. J Energy Inst 2015;88:151-156.
  • Referans47 Anonymous [Internet]. Calculation of 1 kwh electricity price; 2021 [cited 2021 May 1]. Available from: https://gazelektrik.com/faydali-bilgiler/1-kwh-elektrik-kac-tl
  • Referans48 Işık, S., Yıldız, C. Improving thermal energy storage efficiency of solar collector tanks by placing phase change materials in novel finned-type cells. Thermal Science and Engineering Progress, 2020;19,100618.
Toplam 48 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Mühendislik
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Sinem Işık 0000-0002-1044-5092

Sıraç Yavuz 0000-0001-5878-8994

Yayımlanma Tarihi 25 Mart 2022
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2022

Kaynak Göster

APA Işık, S., & Yavuz, S. (2022). Investigation of Biogas Production Potential from Livestock Manure by Anaerobic Digestion in Bingöl Province. Türk Doğa Ve Fen Dergisi, 11(1), 116-122. https://doi.org/10.46810/tdfd.1031911
AMA Işık S, Yavuz S. Investigation of Biogas Production Potential from Livestock Manure by Anaerobic Digestion in Bingöl Province. TDFD. Mart 2022;11(1):116-122. doi:10.46810/tdfd.1031911
Chicago Işık, Sinem, ve Sıraç Yavuz. “Investigation of Biogas Production Potential from Livestock Manure by Anaerobic Digestion in Bingöl Province”. Türk Doğa Ve Fen Dergisi 11, sy. 1 (Mart 2022): 116-22. https://doi.org/10.46810/tdfd.1031911.
EndNote Işık S, Yavuz S (01 Mart 2022) Investigation of Biogas Production Potential from Livestock Manure by Anaerobic Digestion in Bingöl Province. Türk Doğa ve Fen Dergisi 11 1 116–122.
IEEE S. Işık ve S. Yavuz, “Investigation of Biogas Production Potential from Livestock Manure by Anaerobic Digestion in Bingöl Province”, TDFD, c. 11, sy. 1, ss. 116–122, 2022, doi: 10.46810/tdfd.1031911.
ISNAD Işık, Sinem - Yavuz, Sıraç. “Investigation of Biogas Production Potential from Livestock Manure by Anaerobic Digestion in Bingöl Province”. Türk Doğa ve Fen Dergisi 11/1 (Mart 2022), 116-122. https://doi.org/10.46810/tdfd.1031911.
JAMA Işık S, Yavuz S. Investigation of Biogas Production Potential from Livestock Manure by Anaerobic Digestion in Bingöl Province. TDFD. 2022;11:116–122.
MLA Işık, Sinem ve Sıraç Yavuz. “Investigation of Biogas Production Potential from Livestock Manure by Anaerobic Digestion in Bingöl Province”. Türk Doğa Ve Fen Dergisi, c. 11, sy. 1, 2022, ss. 116-22, doi:10.46810/tdfd.1031911.
Vancouver Işık S, Yavuz S. Investigation of Biogas Production Potential from Livestock Manure by Anaerobic Digestion in Bingöl Province. TDFD. 2022;11(1):116-22.