Araştırma Makalesi
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Yıl 2023, , 15 - 23, 27.09.2023
https://doi.org/10.46810/tdfd.1306573

Öz

Destekleyen Kurum

TÜBİTAK

Proje Numarası

120Z733

Teşekkür

Laboratuvar cihaz ve sarf malzeme desteklerinden dolayı TÜBİTAK'a teşekkür ederim.

Kaynakça

  • [1] L.H. Jørgensen, M.D. Sørensen, M.M. Lauridsen, L. Rasmussen, R.M. Alfiler, V.N. Iversen, O.B. Schaffalitzky de Muckadell, Albumin-corrected Zn and available free Zn-binding capacity as indicators of Zn status–potential for clinical implementation, Scandinavian Journal of Clinical and Laboratory Investigation. 2022;82(4):261-266.
  • [2] Z. Huang, Z. Li, Y. Wang, J. Cong, X. Wu, X. Song, Y. Ma, H. Xiang, Y. Huang, Regulating Zn (002) Deposition toward Long Cycle Life for Zn Metal Batteries, ACS Energy Letters. 2022;8(1):372-380.
  • [3] M. Badrooj, F. Jamali-Sheini, N. Torabi, Zn-doped Pb/Sn hybrid perovskite solar cells: Towards high photovoltaic performance, Solar Energy. 2022;236:63-74.
  • [4] X. Xie, J. Zhao, O. Lin, Z. Yin, X. Li, Y. Zhang, A. Tang, Narrow-Bandwidth Blue-Emitting Ag–Ga–Zn–S Semiconductor Nanocrystals for Quantum-Dot Light-Emitting Diodes, The Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters. 2022;13:11857-11863.
  • [5] H. Jia, M. Wang, S. Luo, The corrosion behaviour of a novel Mg–Zn–Zr–Y–Cu alloy, Materials Science and Technology. 2023:1-8.
  • [6] W. Wu, G. Sun, Q. Wang, S. Lin, Preparation, Wear Resistance, and Corrosion Performance of Arc-Sprayed Zn, Al, and Zn-Al Coatings on Carbon Steel Substrates, Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance. 2023:1-14.
  • [7] S. Huang, W. Wu, G. Han, L. Wang, X. Mei, L. Qiao, Y. Yan, Revealing the corrosion product films of ion-implanted biodegradable Zn–Cu alloys, Corrosion Science. 2023;210:110814.
  • [8] R.E. Hammam, S.A. Abdel-Gawad, M.E. Moussa, M. Shoeib, S. El-Hadad, Study of Microstructure and Corrosion Behavior of Cast Zn–Al–Mg Alloys, International Journal of Metalcasting. 2023:1-14.
  • [9] K. Baldwin, C. Smith, Advances in replacements for cadmium plating in aerospace applications, Transactions of the IMF. 1996;74(6):202-209.
  • [10] A. El Fazazi, M. Ouakki, M. Cherkaoui, Electrochemical Deposition and Spectroscopy Investigation of Zn Coatings on Steel, Journal of Bio-and Tribo-Corrosion. 2021;7:1-22.
  • [11] L. Hao, G. Lv, Y. Zhou, K. Zhu, M. Dong, Y. Liu, D. Yu, High performance anti-corrosion coatings of poly (vinyl butyral) composites with poly n-(vinyl) pyrrole and carbon black nanoparticles, Materials. 2018;11(11):2307.
  • [12] H.M. Abd El-Lateef, E.-S. Abdel-Rahman, H.S. Mohran, Role of Ni content in improvement of corrosion resistance of Zn–Ni alloy in 3.5% NaCl solution. Part I: Polarization and impedance studies, Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China. 2015;25(8):2807-2816.
  • [13] K. Vathsala, T.V. Venkatesha, Zn–ZrO2 nanocomposite coatings: elecrodeposition and evaluation of corrosion resistance, Applied Surface Science. 2011;257(21):8929-8936.
  • [14] M.M.K. Azar, H.S. Gugtapeh, M. Rezaei, Evaluation of corrosion protection performance of electroplated zinc and zinc-graphene oxide nanocomposite coatings in air saturated 3.5 wt.% NaCl solution, Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects. 2020;601:125051.
  • [15] S. Ganesan, G. Prabhu, B.N. Popov, Electrodeposition and characterization of Zn‐Mn coatings for corrosion protection, Surface and Coatings Technology. 2014;238:143-151.
  • [16] J. Wang, Y. Qi, X. Zhao, Z. Zhang, Electrochemical investigation of corrosion behavior of epoxy modified silicate zinc-rich coatings in 3.5% NaCl solution, Coatings. 2020;10(5):444.
  • [17] M. Sudha, S. Surendhiran, V. Gowthambabu, A. Balamurugan, R. Anandarasu, Y.A. Syed Khadar, D. Vasudevan, Enhancement of Corrosive-Resistant Behavior of Zn and Mg Metal Plates Using Biosynthesized Nickel Oxide Nanoparticles, Journal of Bio- and Tribo-Corrosion. 2021;7(2):60.
  • [18] S. Ranganatha, T. Venkatesha, Fabrication and electrochemical characterization of Zn–halloysite nanotubes composite coatings, RSC Advances. 2014;4(59):31230-31238.
  • [19] A. Yavuz, P. Yilmaz Erdogan, H. Zengin, G. Zengin, Electrodeposition and Characterisation of Zn-Co Alloys from Ionic Liquids on Copper, Journal of Electronic Materials. 2022;51(9):5253-5261.
  • [20] F. Azizi, A. Kahoul, Electrodeposition and corrosion behaviour of Zn–Co coating produced from a sulphate bath, Transactions of the IMF. 2016;94(1):43-48.
  • [21] R. Kumar Swain, P. Upadhyay, A. Nag, A. Banerjee, A.N. Bhagat, A. Basu, A. Mallik, Electro-galvanization of zinc and zinc-nickel onto mild steel for improved corrosion resistance, Materials Today: Proceedings. 2022;62:6257-6264.
  • [22] K. Sai Jyotheender, M.K. Punith Kumar, C. Srivastava, Low temperature electrogalvanization: Texture and corrosion behavior, Applied Surface Science. 2021;559:149953.
  • [23] B.M.L. Koch, A. Amirfazli, J.A.W. Elliott, Wetting of Rough Surfaces by a Low Surface Tension Liquid, The Journal of Physical Chemistry C. 2014;118(41):23777-23782.
  • [24] V. Vinš, J. Hykl, J. Hrubý, Surface tension of seawater at low temperatures including supercooled region down to–25 C, Marine Chemistry. 2019;213:13-23.
  • [25] S.K. Behera, A. Kumar P, N. Dogra, M. Nosonovsky, P. Rohatgi, Effect of Microstructure on Contact Angle and Corrosion of Ductile Iron: Iron–Graphite Composite, Langmuir. 2019;35(49):16120-16129.
  • [26] B. Grigoryev, B. Nemzer, D. Kurumov, J. Sengers, Surface tension of normal pentane, hexane, heptane, and octane, International journal of thermophysics. 1992;13:453-464.
  • [27] H. Luo, H. Su, C. Dong, X. Li, Passivation and electrochemical behavior of 316L stainless steel in chlorinated simulated concrete pore solution, Applied Surface Science. 2017;400:38-48.
  • [28] Li, O.J. Swanson, G.S. Frankel, A.Y. Gerard, P. Lu, J.E. Saal, J.R. Scully, Localized corrosion behavior of a single-phase non-equimolar high entropy alloy, Electrochimica Acta. 2019;306:71-84.
  • [29] N. Elgrishi, K.J. Rountree, B.D. McCarthy, E.S. Rountree, T.T. Eisenhart, J.L. Dempsey, A Practical Beginner’s Guide to Cyclic Voltammetry, Journal of Chemical Education. 2018;95(2):197-206.
  • [30] A.J. Bard, L.R. Faulkner, Fundamentals and applications, Electrochemical methods. 2001;2(482):580-632.
  • [31] J.-M. Savéant, Elements of molecular and biomolecular electrochemistry: an electrochemical approach to electron transfer chemistry, John Wiley & Sons2006.
  • [32] Y. Meng, L. Liu, D. Zhang, C. Dong, Y. Yan, A.A. Volinsky, L.-N. Wang, Initial formation of corrosion products on pure zinc in saline solution, Bioactive materials. 2019;4:87-96.
  • [33] Y.F. Cherneikina, Ruzil; Kulyasova, Olga; Mingo, Beatriz; Mukaeva, Veta; Parfenov, Evgeny; Yerokhin, Aleksey, Microstructure effects on corrosion behaviour of Mg-1Ca alloy in Ringer’s solution, Mendeley_Data 2019;http://dx.doi.org/10.17632/ccrp8sc3sj.1
  • [34] J.D. Brassard, D.K. Sarkar, J. Perron, A. Audibert-Hayet, D. Melot, Nano-micro structured superhydrophobic zinc coating on steel for prevention of corrosion and ice adhesion, Journal of Colloid and Interface Science. 2014;447(1095-7103 (Electronic)):240-247.
  • [35] C. Xiang, Z.M. Zhang, H.M. Fu, E.H. Han, H.F. Zhang, J.Q. Wang, Microstructure and corrosion behavior of AlCoCrFeNiSi0.1 high-entropy alloy, Intermetallics. 2019;114:106599.
  • [36] H. Luo, Z. Li, A.M. Mingers, D. Raabe, Corrosion behavior of an equiatomic CoCrFeMnNi high-entropy alloy compared with 304 stainless steel in sulfuric acid solution, Corrosion Science. 2018;134:131-139.
  • [37] Z.B. Wang, H.X. Hu, Y.G. Zheng, Synergistic effects of fluoride and chloride on general corrosion behavior of AISI 316 stainless steel and pure titanium in H2SO4 solutions, Corrosion Science. 2018;130:203-217.
  • [38] Q. Ye, K. Feng, Z. Li, F. Lu, R. Li, J. Huang, Y. Wu, Microstructure and corrosion properties of CrMnFeCoNi high entropy alloy coating, Applied Surface Science. 2017;396:1420-1426.
  • [39] Z. Cui, L. Wang, H. Ni, W. Hao, C. Man, S. Chen, X. Wang, Z. Liu, X. Li, Influence of temperature on the electrochemical and passivation behavior of 2507 super duplex stainless steel in simulated desulfurized flue gas condensates, Corrosion Science. 2017;118:31-48.
  • [40] A. International, ASTM G59-97, Standard Test Method for Conducting Potentiodynamic Polarization Resistance Measurements, ASTM West Conshohocken, PA, 2014.

Effect of Longer Waiting Time During OCP and Pre-Applied Cleaning Potential In Corrosion Analysis of Zinc Metal

Yıl 2023, , 15 - 23, 27.09.2023
https://doi.org/10.46810/tdfd.1306573

Öz

Tafel analysis is a widely accepted technique for corrosion studies in electrochemistry. A general literature search for one of the electronegative metals, zinc, revealed serious deviations in corrosion results. In order to understand the reasons behind these deviations, zinc metal was investigated at macro and micro levels during and after the Tafel corrosion analysis. In-situ macro surface investigation during the OCP period and Tafel analysis were performed, and it was found that the zinc surface undergoes proceeding corrosion attack following the immersion in 3.5 wt.% NaCl solution. In-situ macro surface analysis exhibited that the pre-oxidation of the surface proceeds as nonuniform at local regions. SEM-EDS and XRD analysis proved that the particular crystal planes of the zinc form ZnO with increasing immersion time. A linear sweep voltammetry (LSV) technique was applied to detect the oxygen removal and starting hydrogen evolution potentials. Three identical Tafel experiments were performed on samples without any treatment, and another three consecutive Tafel experiments were performed on the samples which applied pre-reduction potential. Obtained results revealed that in-situ pre-applied reduction potential just before the Tafel analysis cleaned the surface and allowed uniform oxide formation, resulting in the lowest standard deviation of the calculated Tafel elements.

Proje Numarası

120Z733

Kaynakça

  • [1] L.H. Jørgensen, M.D. Sørensen, M.M. Lauridsen, L. Rasmussen, R.M. Alfiler, V.N. Iversen, O.B. Schaffalitzky de Muckadell, Albumin-corrected Zn and available free Zn-binding capacity as indicators of Zn status–potential for clinical implementation, Scandinavian Journal of Clinical and Laboratory Investigation. 2022;82(4):261-266.
  • [2] Z. Huang, Z. Li, Y. Wang, J. Cong, X. Wu, X. Song, Y. Ma, H. Xiang, Y. Huang, Regulating Zn (002) Deposition toward Long Cycle Life for Zn Metal Batteries, ACS Energy Letters. 2022;8(1):372-380.
  • [3] M. Badrooj, F. Jamali-Sheini, N. Torabi, Zn-doped Pb/Sn hybrid perovskite solar cells: Towards high photovoltaic performance, Solar Energy. 2022;236:63-74.
  • [4] X. Xie, J. Zhao, O. Lin, Z. Yin, X. Li, Y. Zhang, A. Tang, Narrow-Bandwidth Blue-Emitting Ag–Ga–Zn–S Semiconductor Nanocrystals for Quantum-Dot Light-Emitting Diodes, The Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters. 2022;13:11857-11863.
  • [5] H. Jia, M. Wang, S. Luo, The corrosion behaviour of a novel Mg–Zn–Zr–Y–Cu alloy, Materials Science and Technology. 2023:1-8.
  • [6] W. Wu, G. Sun, Q. Wang, S. Lin, Preparation, Wear Resistance, and Corrosion Performance of Arc-Sprayed Zn, Al, and Zn-Al Coatings on Carbon Steel Substrates, Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance. 2023:1-14.
  • [7] S. Huang, W. Wu, G. Han, L. Wang, X. Mei, L. Qiao, Y. Yan, Revealing the corrosion product films of ion-implanted biodegradable Zn–Cu alloys, Corrosion Science. 2023;210:110814.
  • [8] R.E. Hammam, S.A. Abdel-Gawad, M.E. Moussa, M. Shoeib, S. El-Hadad, Study of Microstructure and Corrosion Behavior of Cast Zn–Al–Mg Alloys, International Journal of Metalcasting. 2023:1-14.
  • [9] K. Baldwin, C. Smith, Advances in replacements for cadmium plating in aerospace applications, Transactions of the IMF. 1996;74(6):202-209.
  • [10] A. El Fazazi, M. Ouakki, M. Cherkaoui, Electrochemical Deposition and Spectroscopy Investigation of Zn Coatings on Steel, Journal of Bio-and Tribo-Corrosion. 2021;7:1-22.
  • [11] L. Hao, G. Lv, Y. Zhou, K. Zhu, M. Dong, Y. Liu, D. Yu, High performance anti-corrosion coatings of poly (vinyl butyral) composites with poly n-(vinyl) pyrrole and carbon black nanoparticles, Materials. 2018;11(11):2307.
  • [12] H.M. Abd El-Lateef, E.-S. Abdel-Rahman, H.S. Mohran, Role of Ni content in improvement of corrosion resistance of Zn–Ni alloy in 3.5% NaCl solution. Part I: Polarization and impedance studies, Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China. 2015;25(8):2807-2816.
  • [13] K. Vathsala, T.V. Venkatesha, Zn–ZrO2 nanocomposite coatings: elecrodeposition and evaluation of corrosion resistance, Applied Surface Science. 2011;257(21):8929-8936.
  • [14] M.M.K. Azar, H.S. Gugtapeh, M. Rezaei, Evaluation of corrosion protection performance of electroplated zinc and zinc-graphene oxide nanocomposite coatings in air saturated 3.5 wt.% NaCl solution, Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects. 2020;601:125051.
  • [15] S. Ganesan, G. Prabhu, B.N. Popov, Electrodeposition and characterization of Zn‐Mn coatings for corrosion protection, Surface and Coatings Technology. 2014;238:143-151.
  • [16] J. Wang, Y. Qi, X. Zhao, Z. Zhang, Electrochemical investigation of corrosion behavior of epoxy modified silicate zinc-rich coatings in 3.5% NaCl solution, Coatings. 2020;10(5):444.
  • [17] M. Sudha, S. Surendhiran, V. Gowthambabu, A. Balamurugan, R. Anandarasu, Y.A. Syed Khadar, D. Vasudevan, Enhancement of Corrosive-Resistant Behavior of Zn and Mg Metal Plates Using Biosynthesized Nickel Oxide Nanoparticles, Journal of Bio- and Tribo-Corrosion. 2021;7(2):60.
  • [18] S. Ranganatha, T. Venkatesha, Fabrication and electrochemical characterization of Zn–halloysite nanotubes composite coatings, RSC Advances. 2014;4(59):31230-31238.
  • [19] A. Yavuz, P. Yilmaz Erdogan, H. Zengin, G. Zengin, Electrodeposition and Characterisation of Zn-Co Alloys from Ionic Liquids on Copper, Journal of Electronic Materials. 2022;51(9):5253-5261.
  • [20] F. Azizi, A. Kahoul, Electrodeposition and corrosion behaviour of Zn–Co coating produced from a sulphate bath, Transactions of the IMF. 2016;94(1):43-48.
  • [21] R. Kumar Swain, P. Upadhyay, A. Nag, A. Banerjee, A.N. Bhagat, A. Basu, A. Mallik, Electro-galvanization of zinc and zinc-nickel onto mild steel for improved corrosion resistance, Materials Today: Proceedings. 2022;62:6257-6264.
  • [22] K. Sai Jyotheender, M.K. Punith Kumar, C. Srivastava, Low temperature electrogalvanization: Texture and corrosion behavior, Applied Surface Science. 2021;559:149953.
  • [23] B.M.L. Koch, A. Amirfazli, J.A.W. Elliott, Wetting of Rough Surfaces by a Low Surface Tension Liquid, The Journal of Physical Chemistry C. 2014;118(41):23777-23782.
  • [24] V. Vinš, J. Hykl, J. Hrubý, Surface tension of seawater at low temperatures including supercooled region down to–25 C, Marine Chemistry. 2019;213:13-23.
  • [25] S.K. Behera, A. Kumar P, N. Dogra, M. Nosonovsky, P. Rohatgi, Effect of Microstructure on Contact Angle and Corrosion of Ductile Iron: Iron–Graphite Composite, Langmuir. 2019;35(49):16120-16129.
  • [26] B. Grigoryev, B. Nemzer, D. Kurumov, J. Sengers, Surface tension of normal pentane, hexane, heptane, and octane, International journal of thermophysics. 1992;13:453-464.
  • [27] H. Luo, H. Su, C. Dong, X. Li, Passivation and electrochemical behavior of 316L stainless steel in chlorinated simulated concrete pore solution, Applied Surface Science. 2017;400:38-48.
  • [28] Li, O.J. Swanson, G.S. Frankel, A.Y. Gerard, P. Lu, J.E. Saal, J.R. Scully, Localized corrosion behavior of a single-phase non-equimolar high entropy alloy, Electrochimica Acta. 2019;306:71-84.
  • [29] N. Elgrishi, K.J. Rountree, B.D. McCarthy, E.S. Rountree, T.T. Eisenhart, J.L. Dempsey, A Practical Beginner’s Guide to Cyclic Voltammetry, Journal of Chemical Education. 2018;95(2):197-206.
  • [30] A.J. Bard, L.R. Faulkner, Fundamentals and applications, Electrochemical methods. 2001;2(482):580-632.
  • [31] J.-M. Savéant, Elements of molecular and biomolecular electrochemistry: an electrochemical approach to electron transfer chemistry, John Wiley & Sons2006.
  • [32] Y. Meng, L. Liu, D. Zhang, C. Dong, Y. Yan, A.A. Volinsky, L.-N. Wang, Initial formation of corrosion products on pure zinc in saline solution, Bioactive materials. 2019;4:87-96.
  • [33] Y.F. Cherneikina, Ruzil; Kulyasova, Olga; Mingo, Beatriz; Mukaeva, Veta; Parfenov, Evgeny; Yerokhin, Aleksey, Microstructure effects on corrosion behaviour of Mg-1Ca alloy in Ringer’s solution, Mendeley_Data 2019;http://dx.doi.org/10.17632/ccrp8sc3sj.1
  • [34] J.D. Brassard, D.K. Sarkar, J. Perron, A. Audibert-Hayet, D. Melot, Nano-micro structured superhydrophobic zinc coating on steel for prevention of corrosion and ice adhesion, Journal of Colloid and Interface Science. 2014;447(1095-7103 (Electronic)):240-247.
  • [35] C. Xiang, Z.M. Zhang, H.M. Fu, E.H. Han, H.F. Zhang, J.Q. Wang, Microstructure and corrosion behavior of AlCoCrFeNiSi0.1 high-entropy alloy, Intermetallics. 2019;114:106599.
  • [36] H. Luo, Z. Li, A.M. Mingers, D. Raabe, Corrosion behavior of an equiatomic CoCrFeMnNi high-entropy alloy compared with 304 stainless steel in sulfuric acid solution, Corrosion Science. 2018;134:131-139.
  • [37] Z.B. Wang, H.X. Hu, Y.G. Zheng, Synergistic effects of fluoride and chloride on general corrosion behavior of AISI 316 stainless steel and pure titanium in H2SO4 solutions, Corrosion Science. 2018;130:203-217.
  • [38] Q. Ye, K. Feng, Z. Li, F. Lu, R. Li, J. Huang, Y. Wu, Microstructure and corrosion properties of CrMnFeCoNi high entropy alloy coating, Applied Surface Science. 2017;396:1420-1426.
  • [39] Z. Cui, L. Wang, H. Ni, W. Hao, C. Man, S. Chen, X. Wang, Z. Liu, X. Li, Influence of temperature on the electrochemical and passivation behavior of 2507 super duplex stainless steel in simulated desulfurized flue gas condensates, Corrosion Science. 2017;118:31-48.
  • [40] A. International, ASTM G59-97, Standard Test Method for Conducting Potentiodynamic Polarization Resistance Measurements, ASTM West Conshohocken, PA, 2014.
Toplam 40 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Elektrokimya, Mühendislik
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Salih Cihangir 0000-0001-5989-5230

Proje Numarası 120Z733
Erken Görünüm Tarihi 27 Eylül 2023
Yayımlanma Tarihi 27 Eylül 2023
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2023

Kaynak Göster

APA Cihangir, S. (2023). Effect of Longer Waiting Time During OCP and Pre-Applied Cleaning Potential In Corrosion Analysis of Zinc Metal. Türk Doğa Ve Fen Dergisi, 12(3), 15-23. https://doi.org/10.46810/tdfd.1306573
AMA Cihangir S. Effect of Longer Waiting Time During OCP and Pre-Applied Cleaning Potential In Corrosion Analysis of Zinc Metal. TDFD. Eylül 2023;12(3):15-23. doi:10.46810/tdfd.1306573
Chicago Cihangir, Salih. “Effect of Longer Waiting Time During OCP and Pre-Applied Cleaning Potential In Corrosion Analysis of Zinc Metal”. Türk Doğa Ve Fen Dergisi 12, sy. 3 (Eylül 2023): 15-23. https://doi.org/10.46810/tdfd.1306573.
EndNote Cihangir S (01 Eylül 2023) Effect of Longer Waiting Time During OCP and Pre-Applied Cleaning Potential In Corrosion Analysis of Zinc Metal. Türk Doğa ve Fen Dergisi 12 3 15–23.
IEEE S. Cihangir, “Effect of Longer Waiting Time During OCP and Pre-Applied Cleaning Potential In Corrosion Analysis of Zinc Metal”, TDFD, c. 12, sy. 3, ss. 15–23, 2023, doi: 10.46810/tdfd.1306573.
ISNAD Cihangir, Salih. “Effect of Longer Waiting Time During OCP and Pre-Applied Cleaning Potential In Corrosion Analysis of Zinc Metal”. Türk Doğa ve Fen Dergisi 12/3 (Eylül 2023), 15-23. https://doi.org/10.46810/tdfd.1306573.
JAMA Cihangir S. Effect of Longer Waiting Time During OCP and Pre-Applied Cleaning Potential In Corrosion Analysis of Zinc Metal. TDFD. 2023;12:15–23.
MLA Cihangir, Salih. “Effect of Longer Waiting Time During OCP and Pre-Applied Cleaning Potential In Corrosion Analysis of Zinc Metal”. Türk Doğa Ve Fen Dergisi, c. 12, sy. 3, 2023, ss. 15-23, doi:10.46810/tdfd.1306573.
Vancouver Cihangir S. Effect of Longer Waiting Time During OCP and Pre-Applied Cleaning Potential In Corrosion Analysis of Zinc Metal. TDFD. 2023;12(3):15-23.