Türkiye'de Hava Kirliliği Parametrelerinin Kardiyovasküler Mortalite Üzerine Etkisi

Öz

Bu ekolojik çalışmada amaç, Türkiye'de 81 ilin 2022 ve 2023 yılları arasında Partikül molekülü 10(PM10) ve Sülfür dioksit(SO₂) düzeylerindeki değişimin kardiyovasküler hastalıklara (CVD) bağlı ölüm hızları üzerindeki etkisini değerlendirmektir. Kardiyovasküler hastalıklara(CVD) bağlı ölüm hızları Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu’ndan(TUİK), PM10 ve SO₂ değerleri Çevre, Şehircilik ve İklim Değişikliği Bakanlığı verilerinden elde edildi. Veriler SPSS 25.0 ile analiz edildi; dağılım normalliği skewness, kurtosis ve q-q plot ile değerlendirildi; değişkenler arası ilişki Spearman korelasyon testi ile incelendi. Etkili değişkenleri belirlemek amacıyla çoklu doğrusal regresyon analizi uygulandı. Bulgularda PM10 ile CVD mortalite arasında zayıf fakat anlamlı bir pozitif ilişki saptandı (r=0.250, p=0.024). Regresyon analizinde PM10’nın kardiyovasküler mortalite hızı üzerinde anlamlı ve bağımsız etkisi olduğu görüldü (β=0.367, p<0.001). SO₂ değişkeni ile anlamlı bir ilişki bulunmadı. Sonuç olarak Türkiye’de 2022–2023 yılları arasında PM10 seviyelerindeki artışın, dolaşım sistemi hastalıklarına bağlı ölüm oranlarında artışla pozitif yönde ilişkili olduğu gösterilmiştir. Bu bulgu, hava kirliliği kontrol stratejilerinin halk sağlığı üzerindeki önemini bir kez daha ortaya koymaktadır

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Hava kirliliği
• PM10
• SO₂
• Kardiyovasküler mortalite

Effect of Air Pollution Parameters on Cardiovascular Mortality in Türkiye

Öz

The aim of this study is to evaluate the effects of changes in particulate matterr 10 (PM10) and sulfur dioxide (SO₂) levels on mortality rates due to cardiovascular diseases (CVD) in 81 provinces in Türkiye between 2022 and 2023. Cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality rates were obtained from the Turkish Statistical Institute (TUIK), and PM10 and SO₂ values were obtained from the Ministry of Environment, Urbanization, and Climate Change. Data were analyzed with SPSS 25.0; distribution normality was evaluated with skewness, kurtosis, and q-q plot; and the relationship between variables was examined with the Spearman correlation test. Multiple linear regression analysis was applied to determine the effective variables. In the findings, a weak but significant positive relationship was found between PM10 and CVD mortality(r=0.250, p=0.024). In the regression analysis, PM10 was found to have a significant and independent effect on cardiovascular mortality rate (β=0.367, p<0.001). No significant relationship was found with the SO₂ variable. As a result, it was shown that the increase in PM10 levels in Turkey between 2022 and 2023 is positively associated with the increase in mortality rates due to circulatory system diseases. This finding once again reveals the importance of air pollution control strategies on public health.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Air pollution
• PM10
• SO₂
• Cardiovascular mortality

Kaynakça

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