Effect of Fertilizer Application on Biochemical and Physiological Parameters of Salt-Stressed Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) Plants

Yıl 2026, Cilt: 15 Sayı: 1 , 167 - 173 , 30.03.2026

Büşra Yazıcılar

https://doi.org/10.46810/tdfd.1777569

https://izlik.org/JA32KX44KP

Öz

Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) is a vital horticultural product that significantly contributes to human nutrition because of its high levels of antioxidants, vitamins, and other health-promoting compounds. It is considered a moderately salt-tolerant species; however, excessive soil salinity is one of the main abiotic stresses that limit its productivity worldwide. High soil salt levels negatively impact seed germination, root and shoot growth, leaf expansion, and overall plant health, ultimately causing severe yield reductions. Salinity stress also leads to ion toxicity, osmotic imbalance, and oxidative damage by stimulating the enhanced reactive oxygen species (ROS). As a result, plants show increased levels of proline, malondialdehyde (MDA), hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂), and total sugars, which are markers of stress but also indicate cellular damage. To counteract these harmful effects, proper nutrient management strategies are essential. Diammonium phosphate (DAP) fertilizer, a source of both nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P), is essential for fostering plant growth, regulating physiological processes, and supporting the biosynthesis of key metabolites. This study evaluated the exogenous foliar application of DAP fertilizer on tomato seedlings under salt stress. The results showed that additional N and P significantly enhanced seedling growth parameters—including root and stem length, leaf area, and chlorophyll content—while reducing oxidative damage by limiting excess proline, MDA, and H₂O₂ levels. Overall, the findings underscore the effectiveness of DAP fertilizer in alleviating salt stress in tomato seedlings. This approach provides a scientific basis for developing sustainable fertilization practices and offers a practical benefit to growers in saline-prone areas by improving seedling establishment and productivity.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Solanum lycopersicum L. , Salt stress , Fertilizer , Proline , Total sugar content.

Gübre Uygulamasının Tuz Stresine Maruz Kalmış Domates (Solanum lycopersicum L.) Bitkilerinde Biyokimyasal ve Fizyolojik Parametreler Üzerine Etkisi

https://izlik.org/JA32KX44KP

Öz

Domates (Solanum lycopersicum L.), yüksek düzeyde antioksidan, vitamin ve diğer sağlık açısından faydalı bileşenler içermesi nedeniyle insan beslenmesine önemli katkı sağlayan değerli bir bahçe bitkisidir. Orta derecede tuza dayanıklı bir tür olarak kabul edilmesine rağmen, aşırı toprak tuzluluğu, dünya genelinde verimliliğini sınırlayan başlıca abiyotik stres faktörlerinden biridir. Yüksek toprak tuzluluğu, tohum çimlenmesini, kök ve gövde gelişimini, yaprak genişlemesini ve genel bitki sağlığını olumsuz etkileyerek ciddi verim kayıplarına yol açmaktadır. Tuz stresi aynı zamanda iyon toksisitesine, ozmotik dengesizliğe ve reaktif oksijen türlerinin (ROS) artışıyla oksidatif hasara neden olmaktadır. Bunun sonucunda, bitkilerde stresin belirteçleri olmakla birlikte hücresel hasarı da gösteren prolin, malondialdehit (MDA), hidrojen peroksit (H₂O₂) ve toplam şeker düzeylerinde artış gözlenmektedir. Bu zararlı etkilerin önlenebilmesi için uygun besin yönetim stratejileri büyük önem taşımaktadır. Azot (N) ve fosfor (P) kaynağı olan diamonyum fosfat (DAP) gübresi, bitki büyümesini desteklemek, fizyolojik süreçleri düzenlemek ve temel metabolitlerin biyosentezini teşvik etmek açısından kritik öneme sahiptir. Bu çalışmada, tuz stresi altındaki domates fidelerine DAP gübresinin yapraktan dışsal uygulaması değerlendirilmiştir. Sonuçlar, ek N ve P uygulamasının kök ve gövde uzunluğu, yaprak alanı ve klorofil içeriği gibi fide büyüme parametrelerini önemli ölçüde artırırken, aşırı prolin, MDA ve H₂O₂ birikimini sınırlandırarak oksidatif hasarı azalttığını göstermiştir. Genel olarak bulgular, DAP gübresinin domates fidelerinde tuz stresini hafifletmedeki etkinliğini vurgulamaktadır. Bu yaklaşım, sürdürülebilir gübreleme uygulamalarının geliştirilmesi için bilimsel bir temel sunmakta ve tuzluluğa yatkın alanlarda fide gelişimi ile verimliliği artırarak üreticilere pratik faydalar sağlamaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Solanum lycopersicum L. , Tuz stresi , Gübre , Prolin , Toplam şeker içeriği

Kaynakça

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