Investigating the Potential for Biogas Production from Animal Manure in Zonguldak Province

Öz

Global population growth and technological developments have led to a rapid increase in energy demand and intensification of animal food production. Meeting the growing energy demand largely with fossil fuels raises environmental issues such as greenhouse gas emissions and pollution. In addition, animal waste from intensive livestock farming activities aimed at meeting food demand is further exacerbating environmental problems. Biogas produced from animal waste will not only reduce the environmental pollution caused by these wastes but also contribute to meeting energy needs as a significant renewable energy source. In this study, the biogas potential that can be produced from animal waste was theoretically calculated using the Agro-Waste method, based on animal numbers obtained from the 2024 data of the Zonguldak Directorate of Provincial Agriculture and Forestry. The results indicate that the biogas production potential from animal waste in Zonguldak province is estimated at 22.69 million m³. This amount is equivalent to approximately 106.65 GWh of electrical energy, 26.78 million m³ of natural gas energy, and 113.46 × 10⁹ kcal of thermal energy. Based on these results, utilizing the existing biogas potential for electricity generation is expected to provide approximately 276.27 million TL in economic savings. Additionally, this initiative is anticipated to prevent the release of 46819.35 tons of CO2- equivalent greenhouse gases into the environment. The biogas plant to be established in Zonguldak will reduce environmental pollution and greenhouse gas emissions by converting animal waste into clean energy and organic manure and will revitalize the rural economy by creating jobs.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Biogas potential
• Renewable energy
• Animal waste

Zonguldak İlinde Hayvan Gübresinden Biyogaz Üretimi Potansiyelinin Araştırılması

Öz

Küresel ölçekte nüfus artışı ve teknolojik gelişmeler, enerji talebinde hızlı bir artışa ve hayvansal gıda üretiminin yoğunlaşmasına yol açmıştır. Artan enerji talebinin büyük ölçüde fosil yakıtlarla karşılanması, sera gazı emisyonları ve çevre kirliliği gibi çevresel sorunları gündeme getirmektedir. Bunun yanı sıra, gıda talebini karşılamak amacıyla yoğunlaşan hayvancılık faaliyetlerinden kaynaklanan hayvansal atıklar, çevresel sorunları daha da derinleştirmektedir. Hayvansal atıklardan üretilen biyogaz, bu atıkların neden olduğu çevre kirliliğini azaltmanın yanı sıra önemli bir yenilenebilir enerji kaynağı olarak enerji ihtiyacının karşılanmasına da katkıda bulunacaktır. Bu çalışmada, Zonguldak İl Tarım ve Orman Müdürlüğü’nün 2024 yılı verilerinden elde edilen hayvan sayıları kullanılarak, hayvansal atıklardan üretilebilecek biyogaz potansiyeli Agro-Waste yöntemi ile teorik olarak hesaplanmıştır. Sonuçlar; Zonguldak ilinde hayvansal atıklardan biyogaz üretim potansiyelinin 22.69 milyon m³ olduğu tahmin edilmektedir. Bu miktar yaklaşık 106.65 GWh elektrik enerjisine, 26.78 milyon m³ doğal gaz enerjisine ve 113.46 x 10⁹ kcal termal enerjiye eşdeğerdir. Bu sonuçlara dayanarak, mevcut biyogaz potansiyelinin elektrik üretiminde kullanılmasının ekonomiye yaklaşık 276.27 milyon TL tasarruf sağlaması beklenmektedir. Ayrıca, bu hamlenin 46819.35 ton CO₂ eşdeğeri sera gazının çevreye salınmasını engellemesi beklenmektedir. Zonguldak’ta kurulacak biyogaz tesisi, hayvansal atıkları temiz enerjiye ve organik gübreye dönüştürerek çevre kirliliğini azaltacak, sera gazı emisyonlarını düşürecek ve istihdam sağlayarak kırsal ekonomiyi canlandıracaktır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Biyogaz potansiyeli
• Yenilenebilir enerji
• Hayvansal atık

Kaynakça

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