Hydrogels Synthesized from Natural Bacterial Polysaccharides with Therapeutic Effects on Cutaneous Wounds

Abstract

Skin injuries, the largest organ in the human body, arise from various causes, and the processes involved in wound healing are of significant importance. The stages of wound repair occur at varying intervals, depending on the wound type. Bacterial infection is a major challenge in the wound-healing process. However, current wound dressing materials often fail to adequately address the clinical need to mitigate bacterial infections. In this context, hydrogels that protect the wound surface from microorganisms and facilitate rapid healing have attracted attention for wound treatment. Natural polymers such as polysaccharides are commonly used in hydrogel synthesis. These polymers can be derived from animal, plant, bacterial, or marine sources. The natural origin of polysaccharides imparts biodegradable and biocompatible properties to hydrogel-based wound dressings. In particular, bacterial polysaccharides offer cost-effective and easily producible alternatives to other polysaccharides, owing to their growth characteristics and ability to utilize diverse substrates. This review aimed to examine the effects of natural polysaccharide-based hydrogels on the healing of infected wounds and the advantages of hydrogel dressings synthesized from natural polysaccharides for treating skin wounds of various etiologies. It also highlights recent advancements in hydrogels synthesized using bacterial polysaccharides among natural polymers. This review posits that the use of bacterial polysaccharides in the synthesis of hydrogel dressings for various wound treatments provides a novel perspective.

Keywords

• Hydrogels
• Natural polymers
• Bacterial polysaccharides
• Wound Treatment

Cilt Yaraları Üzerinde İyileştirici Etkisi Olan Doğal Bakteriyel Polisakkaritlerle Sentezlenmiş Hidrojeller

Öz

İnsanın en büyük organı olan deride çeşitli sebeplerden dolayı oluşan yaralanmalar ve bu yaraların iyileşme süreçleri büyük bir öneme sahiptir. Yara onarım aşamaları yara çeşidine göre farklı zaman aralıklarında gerçekleşebilmektedir. Yara iyileşme sürecinin en ciddi sorunlarından biri bakteriyel enfeksiyonlardır. Fakat günümüzdeki çeşitli yara pansuman malzemeleri bakteriyel enfeksiyonları azaltmak için yeterli klinik ihtiyaçları karşılayamamaktadır. Bu noktada yara tedavilerinde, yara yüzeyini çeşitli mikroorganizmalardan koruyan ve yaranın hızlı iyileşmesine katkı sağlayan hidrojeller dikkat çekmektedir. Polisakkarit gibi doğal kaynaklı polimerler hidrojel sentezinde sıkça kullanılmaktadır. Bu polimerler hayvansal, bitkisel, bakteriyel ve deniz organizmaları kaynaklı olabilmektedir. Polisakkaritlerin doğal kaynaklı olmaları hidrojel yara pansumanlarına biyobozunur ve biyouyumluluk özellikleri kazandırmaktadır. Bakteriyel polisakkaritler büyüme özellikleri ve çok çeşitli substratlardan yararlanma yetenekleri nedeniyle diğer polisakkaritlere göre uygun maliyetli ve kolay üretilebilir alternatiflerdir. Bu inceleme çeşitli nedenlerden dolayı ciltte oluşan yaraların tedavisinde doğal polisakkarit bazlı hidrojellerin enfekte yara iyileşmesi sürecindeki etkilerinden ve doğal polisakkaritlerden sentezlenen hidrojel pansumanların avantajlarını ortaya koymayı amaçlamaktadır. Ayrıca doğal polimerler arasında bulunan bakteriyel polisakkaritler ile sentezlenen hidrojellerin mevcut gelişimleri ortaya koymayı amaçlamaktadır. Bu incelemenin sonucunda çeşitli yara tedavileri için hidrojel pansumanların sentezinde bakteriyel polisakkatlerin kullanımı yeni bir bakış açısı sağlayacaktır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Hidrojel
• Doğal polimerler
• Bakteriyel polisakkaritler
• Yara tedavisi

Kaynakça

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