Marka Reklamının Marka Deneyimi ve Marka Sadakatine Etkisinde Marka Tatmininin Aracılık Rolü: Otel Konukları Üzerine Bir Araştırma
Yıl 2022,
, 44 - 59, 30.12.2022
Alev Sökmen
,
Selda Yordam
,
Aslı Eren
Öz
Amaç: Bu çalışmada, marka reklamı (MRR), marka tatmini (MRT), marka deneyimi (MRD) ve marka sadakati (MRS) ilişkisini ortaya koymak amaçlanmaktadır.
Yöntem: Çalışmada nicel araştırma yöntemlerinden anket tekniği kullanılarak Ankara'da bulunan uluslararası zincir otelde konaklayan 268 misafire ulaşılmış ve çalışmada kullanılan veriler elde edilmiştir.
Bulgular: Araştırma hipotezlerini test etmek için korelasyon ve regresyon analizi uygulanmıştır. Korelasyon analizi sonucuna göre marka reklamı, marka deneyimi, marka tatmini ve marka sadakati arasında pozitif ilişki olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Regresyon analizi sonuçlarına bakıldığında, marka reklamı ve marka tatmininin marka deneyimi ve marka sadakati üzerinde anlamlı etkisinin olduğu belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca marka reklamı, marka deneyimi ve marka sadakati değişkenleri üzerinde marka tatmininin kısmi aracılık rolü olduğu tespit edilmiştir.
Tartışma: Analizler neticesinde ortaya çıkan bulgular literatürde yer alan ilgili çalışmalardan elde edilen sonuçlarla karşılaştırılmış ve birtakım öneriler geliştirilmiştir.
Kaynakça
- Ahmedov, A. (2020). Reklamlarda ünlü ve marka arasındaki uyumun tüketicilerin satın alma niyetine ve marka sadakatine etkisi. 19 Mayıs Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 1(2), 168-187.
- Akkoç, F., Koç, D. ve Akkoç, F. (2012). Uşak üniversitesi öğrencilerinin spor ayakkabı marka sadakatlerini değerlendirmeye yönelik bir uygulama. Uşak Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 5(3), 197-213.
- Alfakih, K. A. A., Saraih, U. N. Al- Shammari, S. A., Abdulrab, M., Rehman, A. U., ve Al- Mamary, Y. H. S. (2021). Determinants of the malaysian cars brand loyalty mediating effect of brand satisfaction. Journal of Industrial Integration and Management, 6(xx), 1-44. doi:10.1142/S2424862221500172
- Aslım, H. (2007). Marka sadakatinin satın alma davranışı üzerindeki etkileri: Bir uygulama. (Yayımlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi). Ege Üniversitesi.
- Bakator, M., Đalić, N., Petrović, N., Paunović, M. ve Terek, E. (2019). Transition economy and market factors: the influence of advertising on customer satisfaction in Serbia. Economic Research-Ekonomska istraživanja, 32(1), 2293-2309. doi: 10.1080/1331677X.2019.1642787
- Bapat, D. (2018). Exploring advertising as an antecedent to brand experience dimensions: an experimental study. Journal of Financial Services Marketing, 23(3), 210-217. doi:10.1057/s41264-018-0056-7
- Baron, R. M. ve Kenny, D. A. (1986). The moderator–mediator variable distinction in social psychological research: Conceptual, strategic, and statistical considerations. Journal of personality and social psychology, 51(6), 1173-1182.
- Beig, F. A. ve Nika, F. A. (2019). Brand experience and brand equity. Vision, 23(4), 410-417. doi:10.1177/0972262919860963
- Bloemer, J. M. ve Kasper, H. D., (1995). The complex relationship between consumer satisfaction and brand loyalty. Journal of Economic Psychology, 16, 311-329. doi:10.1016/0167-4870(95)00007-B
- Boateng, H. ve Okoe, A.F. (2015). Consumers’ attitude towards social media advertising and their behavioural response: The moderating role of corporate reputation. Journal of Research in Interactive Marketing, 9 (4), 299-312. doi:10.1108/JRIM-01-2015-0012
- Brakus, J.J., Schmitt, B.H., ve L. Zarantonello. (2009). Brand experience: What is it? How is it measured? Does it affect loyalty? Journal of Marketing, 73 (3), 52-68. doi:10.1509/jmkg.73.3.052
- Cengiz, E., Ayyildiz, H. ve Er, B. (2007). Effects of image and adverting efficiency on customer loyalty and antecedents of loyalty: Turkish banks sample. Banks and Bank Systems, 2 (1), 56-80.
- Cheng, Q., Fang, L. ve Chen, H. (2016). Visitors’ brand loyalty to a historical and cultural theme park: A case study of hangzhou songcheng, China. Current Issues in Tourism, 19(9), 861-868. doi:10.1080/13683500.2015.1006589
- Chrisjatmiko, K. (2018). Towards green loyalty: The ınfluences of green perceived risk, green ımage, green trust and green satisfaction. In IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 106, 1-6. doi:10.1088/1755-1315/106/1/012085
- Çabuk, S., Nakiboğlu, B. ve Canoğlu, M. (2013). Algılanan otel imajı ve hizmet kalitesi ile tekrar satın alma niyeti arasındaki ilişkiler. Anatolia: Turizm Araştırmaları Dergisi, 24(1), 96-108.
- Das, G., Agarwal, J., Malhotra, N. K. ve Varshneya, G. (2019). Does brand experience translate into brand commitment? A mediated-moderation model of brand passion and perceived brand ethicality. Journal of Business Research, 95, 479-490. doi:10.1016/j.jbusres.2018.05.026
- Dick, S.A. ve Basu, K. (1994). Customer Loyalty; Toward An Integrated Conceptual Framework. Journal of The Academy of Marketing Science, (22-2), 99-113. doi:10.1177/009207039422200
- Dikili, Ç. (2018). Lüks Marka Reklamlarında Çizgi Film Karakterlerinin Kullanımı ile Marka ve Reklam Tutumu Arasındaki İlişkiye Yönelik bir Analiz (Yayımlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi). Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi.
- Dolye, P. (2001). Building value-based branding strategies. Journal of Strategic Marketing, 9(4), 255-268.
- Drennan, J., Bianchi, C., Cacho-Elizondo, S., Louriero, S., Guibert, N. ve Proud, W. (2015). Examining the role of wine brand love on brand loyalty: A multi-country comparison. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 49, 47-55. doi:10.1016/j.ijhm.2015.04.012
- Elden, M. (2014). Reklam Yazarlığı. İletişim Yayınları.
- Ganesan, S. (1994). Determinants of long- term orientation in buyer-seller relationships. Journal of Marketing, 58(2), 1-19.
- Ganesh, J., Arnold, M. J. ve Reynolds, K. E. (2000). Understanding the customer base of service providers: An examination of the differences between switchers and stayers. Journal of Marketing, 64(3), 65-87. doi:10.1509/jmkg.64.3.65.18028
- Gönenç Güler, E. (2009). Otel işletmelerinde değer yaratma ve müşteri değeri algılaması üzerine bir araştırma: Edirne’deki oteller örneği. Anatolia: Turizm Araştırmaları Dergisi, 20(1), 61-76.
- Grisaffe, D. B., ve Nguyen, H. P. (2011). Antecedents of emotional attachment to brands. Journal of Business Research, 64(10), 1052-1059. doi:10.1016/j.jbusres.2010.11.002
- Gülmez, M. ve Dörtyol, İ. T. (2009). Açıklamalı Pazarlama Sözlüğü. Detay Yayıncılık.
- Ha, H. Y., John, J., Janda, S. ve Muthaly, S. (2011). The effects of advertising spending on brand loyalty in services. European Journal of Marketing, 45(4), 673-691. doi:10.1108/03090561111111389
- Hameed, F. (2013). The effect of advertising spending on brand loyalty mediated by store ımage, perceived quality and customer satisfaction: A case of hypermarkets. Asian Journal of Business Management, 5(1), 181-192.
- Heitmann, M., Lehmann, D. R., ve Herrmann, A. (2007). Choice goal attainment and decision and consumption satisfaction. Journal of Marketing Research, 44(2), 234-250. doi:10.1509/jmkr.44.2.234
- Hellier, P. K., Geursen, G. M., Carr, R. A. ve Rickard, J. A. (2003). Customer repurchase intention: A general structural equation model. European Journal of Marketing, 37 (12), 1762-1780. doi: 10.1108/03090560310495456
- Hwang, J., Choe, J. Y. J., Kim, H. M., ve Kim, J. J. (2021). Human baristas and robot baristas: How does brand experience affect brand satisfaction, brand attitude, brand attachment, and brand loyalty? International Journal of Hospitality Management, 99, 103050. doi:10.1016/j.ijhm.2021.103050
- İslamoğlu, A. H. ve Altunışık, R. (2017). Tüketici davranışları, Beta Basım Yayım.
- Karahan, M.O., (2022). Reklamlarda ünlü desteği algısının satın alma niyeti üzerindeki etkisinde marka sadakati ve marka güvenilirliğinin aracılık etkisi. Business & Management Studies: An International Journal, 10 (3), 835-857. doi:10.15295/bmij.v10i3.2073
- Koç, E. (2012). Tüketici Davranışı ve pazarlama stratejileri: global ve yerel yaklaşım. Seçkin Yayıncılık.
- Kotler, P. (2021). A’dan Z’ye pazarlama: Pazarlamayla İlgili herkesin bilmesi gereken 80 kavram. Çeviren: Aslı Kalem Bakkal, MediaCat.
- Kotler, P. ve Gertner, D. (2002). Country as brand, product, and beyond: A place marketing and brand management perspective. Journal of Brand Management, 9(4), 249-261.
- Kotler, P., ve Keller, K. L. (2009). Marketing Management. 13. Edition. Pearson Education Inc.
- Kumar, V. ve Kaushik, A. K. (2020). Building consumer–brand relationships through brand experience and brand identification. Journal of Strategic Marketing, 28(1), 39-59. doi:10.1080/0965254X.2018.1482945
- Lau, G. ve S. Lee. (1999). Consumer’s trust in a brand and link to brand loyalty. Journal of Market Focused Management, 4(4), 341-370.
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The Mediating Role of Brand Satisfaction in the Brand Advertisement’s Effect on Brand Experience and Brand Loyalty: A Research on Hotel Guests
Yıl 2022,
, 44 - 59, 30.12.2022
Alev Sökmen
,
Selda Yordam
,
Aslı Eren
Öz
Purpose: In this study, it is aimed to reveal the relationship between brand advertisement (BRA) and brand satisfaction (BRST), brand experience (BRE) and brand loyalty (BRL).
Method: For this purpose, 268 in-house guests staying in the international chain hotel in Ankara were reached and the survey technique was applied.
Findings: Correlation and series of regression analyses are applied for investigating relationships and testing research hypotheses. According to the correlation analysis, there is a significant positive correlation between brand advertisement, brand experience, brand satisfaction, and brand loyalty.
Discussion: As a result of regression analysis, brand advertisement and brand satisfaction have a significant effect on brand experience and brand loyalty. Research findings show that the effect of brand advertisement is partially mediated by brand satisfaction on brand experience and brand loyalty variables.
Kaynakça
- Ahmedov, A. (2020). Reklamlarda ünlü ve marka arasındaki uyumun tüketicilerin satın alma niyetine ve marka sadakatine etkisi. 19 Mayıs Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 1(2), 168-187.
- Akkoç, F., Koç, D. ve Akkoç, F. (2012). Uşak üniversitesi öğrencilerinin spor ayakkabı marka sadakatlerini değerlendirmeye yönelik bir uygulama. Uşak Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 5(3), 197-213.
- Alfakih, K. A. A., Saraih, U. N. Al- Shammari, S. A., Abdulrab, M., Rehman, A. U., ve Al- Mamary, Y. H. S. (2021). Determinants of the malaysian cars brand loyalty mediating effect of brand satisfaction. Journal of Industrial Integration and Management, 6(xx), 1-44. doi:10.1142/S2424862221500172
- Aslım, H. (2007). Marka sadakatinin satın alma davranışı üzerindeki etkileri: Bir uygulama. (Yayımlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi). Ege Üniversitesi.
- Bakator, M., Đalić, N., Petrović, N., Paunović, M. ve Terek, E. (2019). Transition economy and market factors: the influence of advertising on customer satisfaction in Serbia. Economic Research-Ekonomska istraživanja, 32(1), 2293-2309. doi: 10.1080/1331677X.2019.1642787
- Bapat, D. (2018). Exploring advertising as an antecedent to brand experience dimensions: an experimental study. Journal of Financial Services Marketing, 23(3), 210-217. doi:10.1057/s41264-018-0056-7
- Baron, R. M. ve Kenny, D. A. (1986). The moderator–mediator variable distinction in social psychological research: Conceptual, strategic, and statistical considerations. Journal of personality and social psychology, 51(6), 1173-1182.
- Beig, F. A. ve Nika, F. A. (2019). Brand experience and brand equity. Vision, 23(4), 410-417. doi:10.1177/0972262919860963
- Bloemer, J. M. ve Kasper, H. D., (1995). The complex relationship between consumer satisfaction and brand loyalty. Journal of Economic Psychology, 16, 311-329. doi:10.1016/0167-4870(95)00007-B
- Boateng, H. ve Okoe, A.F. (2015). Consumers’ attitude towards social media advertising and their behavioural response: The moderating role of corporate reputation. Journal of Research in Interactive Marketing, 9 (4), 299-312. doi:10.1108/JRIM-01-2015-0012
- Brakus, J.J., Schmitt, B.H., ve L. Zarantonello. (2009). Brand experience: What is it? How is it measured? Does it affect loyalty? Journal of Marketing, 73 (3), 52-68. doi:10.1509/jmkg.73.3.052
- Cengiz, E., Ayyildiz, H. ve Er, B. (2007). Effects of image and adverting efficiency on customer loyalty and antecedents of loyalty: Turkish banks sample. Banks and Bank Systems, 2 (1), 56-80.
- Cheng, Q., Fang, L. ve Chen, H. (2016). Visitors’ brand loyalty to a historical and cultural theme park: A case study of hangzhou songcheng, China. Current Issues in Tourism, 19(9), 861-868. doi:10.1080/13683500.2015.1006589
- Chrisjatmiko, K. (2018). Towards green loyalty: The ınfluences of green perceived risk, green ımage, green trust and green satisfaction. In IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 106, 1-6. doi:10.1088/1755-1315/106/1/012085
- Çabuk, S., Nakiboğlu, B. ve Canoğlu, M. (2013). Algılanan otel imajı ve hizmet kalitesi ile tekrar satın alma niyeti arasındaki ilişkiler. Anatolia: Turizm Araştırmaları Dergisi, 24(1), 96-108.
- Das, G., Agarwal, J., Malhotra, N. K. ve Varshneya, G. (2019). Does brand experience translate into brand commitment? A mediated-moderation model of brand passion and perceived brand ethicality. Journal of Business Research, 95, 479-490. doi:10.1016/j.jbusres.2018.05.026
- Dick, S.A. ve Basu, K. (1994). Customer Loyalty; Toward An Integrated Conceptual Framework. Journal of The Academy of Marketing Science, (22-2), 99-113. doi:10.1177/009207039422200
- Dikili, Ç. (2018). Lüks Marka Reklamlarında Çizgi Film Karakterlerinin Kullanımı ile Marka ve Reklam Tutumu Arasındaki İlişkiye Yönelik bir Analiz (Yayımlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi). Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi.
- Dolye, P. (2001). Building value-based branding strategies. Journal of Strategic Marketing, 9(4), 255-268.
- Drennan, J., Bianchi, C., Cacho-Elizondo, S., Louriero, S., Guibert, N. ve Proud, W. (2015). Examining the role of wine brand love on brand loyalty: A multi-country comparison. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 49, 47-55. doi:10.1016/j.ijhm.2015.04.012
- Elden, M. (2014). Reklam Yazarlığı. İletişim Yayınları.
- Ganesan, S. (1994). Determinants of long- term orientation in buyer-seller relationships. Journal of Marketing, 58(2), 1-19.
- Ganesh, J., Arnold, M. J. ve Reynolds, K. E. (2000). Understanding the customer base of service providers: An examination of the differences between switchers and stayers. Journal of Marketing, 64(3), 65-87. doi:10.1509/jmkg.64.3.65.18028
- Gönenç Güler, E. (2009). Otel işletmelerinde değer yaratma ve müşteri değeri algılaması üzerine bir araştırma: Edirne’deki oteller örneği. Anatolia: Turizm Araştırmaları Dergisi, 20(1), 61-76.
- Grisaffe, D. B., ve Nguyen, H. P. (2011). Antecedents of emotional attachment to brands. Journal of Business Research, 64(10), 1052-1059. doi:10.1016/j.jbusres.2010.11.002
- Gülmez, M. ve Dörtyol, İ. T. (2009). Açıklamalı Pazarlama Sözlüğü. Detay Yayıncılık.
- Ha, H. Y., John, J., Janda, S. ve Muthaly, S. (2011). The effects of advertising spending on brand loyalty in services. European Journal of Marketing, 45(4), 673-691. doi:10.1108/03090561111111389
- Hameed, F. (2013). The effect of advertising spending on brand loyalty mediated by store ımage, perceived quality and customer satisfaction: A case of hypermarkets. Asian Journal of Business Management, 5(1), 181-192.
- Heitmann, M., Lehmann, D. R., ve Herrmann, A. (2007). Choice goal attainment and decision and consumption satisfaction. Journal of Marketing Research, 44(2), 234-250. doi:10.1509/jmkr.44.2.234
- Hellier, P. K., Geursen, G. M., Carr, R. A. ve Rickard, J. A. (2003). Customer repurchase intention: A general structural equation model. European Journal of Marketing, 37 (12), 1762-1780. doi: 10.1108/03090560310495456
- Hwang, J., Choe, J. Y. J., Kim, H. M., ve Kim, J. J. (2021). Human baristas and robot baristas: How does brand experience affect brand satisfaction, brand attitude, brand attachment, and brand loyalty? International Journal of Hospitality Management, 99, 103050. doi:10.1016/j.ijhm.2021.103050
- İslamoğlu, A. H. ve Altunışık, R. (2017). Tüketici davranışları, Beta Basım Yayım.
- Karahan, M.O., (2022). Reklamlarda ünlü desteği algısının satın alma niyeti üzerindeki etkisinde marka sadakati ve marka güvenilirliğinin aracılık etkisi. Business & Management Studies: An International Journal, 10 (3), 835-857. doi:10.15295/bmij.v10i3.2073
- Koç, E. (2012). Tüketici Davranışı ve pazarlama stratejileri: global ve yerel yaklaşım. Seçkin Yayıncılık.
- Kotler, P. (2021). A’dan Z’ye pazarlama: Pazarlamayla İlgili herkesin bilmesi gereken 80 kavram. Çeviren: Aslı Kalem Bakkal, MediaCat.
- Kotler, P. ve Gertner, D. (2002). Country as brand, product, and beyond: A place marketing and brand management perspective. Journal of Brand Management, 9(4), 249-261.
- Kotler, P., ve Keller, K. L. (2009). Marketing Management. 13. Edition. Pearson Education Inc.
- Kumar, V. ve Kaushik, A. K. (2020). Building consumer–brand relationships through brand experience and brand identification. Journal of Strategic Marketing, 28(1), 39-59. doi:10.1080/0965254X.2018.1482945
- Lau, G. ve S. Lee. (1999). Consumer’s trust in a brand and link to brand loyalty. Journal of Market Focused Management, 4(4), 341-370.
- Lau, P. M., Akbar, A. K. ve Fie, D. Y. (2005). Service quality: A study of the luxury hotels in Malaysia. Journal of American Academy of Business, 7, 46-55.
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