Physicians and Pharmaceutical Company Representatives: A Special Study Module
Yıl 2008,
Cilt: 28 Sayı: 28, 21 - 30, 01.02.2008
Hatice Sahin
Işık Tuğlular
Fehmi Akçiçek
Ahmet Hikmet Sahin
Öz
Background: Special Study Modules(SSMs) allow students the opportunity for more in-depth study of specific topics from the core. It was decided to apply SSMs in order to support core curriculum in Ege University Medical Faculty since 2004. The aim of this paper is to present information on the development and application processes along with students’ views on a special study module about interaction between physicians and pharmaceutical company representatives. Methods: Curriculum Development approach was utilized in the module. The module was performed in 2006 and 2007 academic year. A one-minute paper was used for obtaining students’ views. A thematic analysis was performed. Results: 83 items, stated by students during the SSM, were collected. Items were classified into six groups in thematic analysis. Findings related to students’ views have revealed that sharing professional experience has an instructive function, interaction between role models and pharmaceutical company representatives is important for the education process and courses have been useful for the students. The results show that educational objectives defined have been reached and an acceptable level of awareness has been created among students. Conclusions: Interaction between physicians and pharmaceutical company representatives before/after graduation for rational drug use is important and therefore should be integrated in the curricula.
Kaynakça
- Tomorrow's doctors. Recommendations on undergraduate medical education. General Medical Council. Londra, 2003 . http://www.gmc-uk.org/education/undergraduate/GMC_tomorrows_doctors.pdf adresinden 9 Eylül 2005 tarihinde ulaşılmıştır.
- Harden RM. The core curriculum with options or special study modules. (AMEE Medical Education Guide No:5) Medical Teacher 1995; 17:125-148.
- Byrne PA, Lewis SEM, Thompson W. Special study modules: A student’s perspective. Medical Teacher 1999; 21:299- 301.
- Morton R. Special study modules in medical illustration in the undergraduate medical curriculum. Journal of Audiovisual Media in Medicine 2000; 23:110-112.
- Jha V, Duffy S, Murdoch-Eaton D. Development of transferable skills during short special study modules: students’ self-appraisal. Medical Teacher 2002; 24:202–207.
- Karabilgin OS, Şahin H. Ege Universitesi Tip Fakültesi’nde Özel Çalışma Modülü Kurulu organizasyonu Tıp Eğitimi Dünyası 2005; 20: 29-36.
- Zipkin DA, Steinman MA. Interactions between pharmaceutical representatives and doctors in training. Journal of General Internal Medicine 2005; 20: 777-786.
- Wofford JL, Ohl CA. Teaching appropriate interactions with pharmaceutical company representatives: The impact of the an innovative workshop on student attitudes. BMC Medical Education 2005; 5: 1-7.
- Moynihan R. Who pays for the pizza? Redefining the interactions between physicians and drug companies. 1: entanglement. British Medical Journal 2003; 326:1189-1192.
- Moynihan R. Who pays for the pizza? Redefining the interactions between physicians and drug companies. 2: disentanglement. British Medical Journal 2003; 326:1193-1196.
- Kerridge I, Maguire J, Newby D, et al. Cooperative partnerships or conflict-of-interest? A national survey of interaction between the pharmaceutical industry and medical organizations. Internal Medicine Journal 2005; 35:206-210.
- Sierles FS, Brodkey AC, Cleary LM, et al. Medical students’ exposure to and attitudes about drug company interactions. JAMA 2005; 294:1034-1042.
- Kern DE, Thomas PA, Howard DM, Bass EB. Curriculum Development for Medical Education: A Six-Step Approach. The Johns Hopkins University Press, 1999.
- Ege Üniversitesi Tıp Fakultesi Eğitim Programı. Ege Üniversity Matbaası, 2005.
- Monaghan SM, Galt KA, Turner PD, et al. Student understanding of the interaction between the health professions and the pharmaceutical industry. Teaching and Learning in Medicine 2003; 15:14–20.
- Komesaroff PA, Keridge H. Ethical issues concerning the interactions between medical practitioners and the pharmaceutical industry. MJA 2002; 176:118-121.
- Brody H. The company we keep: why physicians should refuse to see pharmaceutical representatives. Annals of Family Medicine 2005; 30:82-85.
- Ferguson RP, Rhim E, Belizaire W, Egede L, Carter K, Lansdale T. Encounters with Pharmaceutical Sales Representatives Among Practicing Internists. American Journal of Medicine 1999; 107:149- 152.
- Coyle SL. Physician–industry interactions. Part 1: individual physicians. Ann Intern Med 2002; 136:396-402.
- Coyle SL. Physician–industry interactions. Part 2: organizational issues. Ann Intern Med 2002; 136:403-406.
- Magnan B. Teaching idea: the one-minute paper. Teaching Concerns 1991 http://trc.virginia.edu/Publications/Teaching_Concerns/Spring_1991/TC_Spring_1991_One_Minute _Paper.htm adresinden 9 Eylül 2005 tarihinde ulaşılmıştır.
- Naps TL. Incorporating algorithm visualization into educational theory: a challenge for the future. Informatik 2001; 2: 17-21.
- Chizmar JF, Ostrosky AL. The one-minute paper: some empirical findings. Journal of Economic Education 1998; 29:3-10.
- Ross KP, Angelo T. The one-minute paper-classroom assessment techniques. Teaching Bytes 2001; 29:1-3.
- Şahin H, Karabilgin OS. Ege Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi’nde uygulanan özel çalışma modülleri ile ilgili öğrenci ve öğretim üyesi görüşleri. Tıp Eğitimi Dünyası 2005; 20:37-46.
HEKİMLER VE İLAÇ FİRMA TEMSİLCİLERİ: BİR ÖZEL ÇALIŞMA MODÜLÜ
Yıl 2008,
Cilt: 28 Sayı: 28, 21 - 30, 01.02.2008
Hatice Sahin
Işık Tuğlular
Fehmi Akçiçek
Ahmet Hikmet Sahin
Öz
Ege Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi’nde 2004 yılında çekirdek müfredatı desteklemek üzere Özel Çalışma Modülleri (ÖÇM) uygulamasına karar verilmiştir. Öğrencinin ilgi duyduğu konuda derinlemesine bilgi edinmesini sağlayan ÖÇM’ler halen ikinci ve üçüncü sınıf öğrencilerine uygulanmaktadır. Amaç: Eğitim programı geliştirme bakış açısı ile “hekimilaç firma temsilcisi arasındaki etkileşim” konulu bir ÖÇM’nin, geliştirilme ve uygulama aşamaları konusunda bilgi verilmesi ve uygulanan modül ile ilgili öğrenci görüşlerinin sunulması amaçlanmaktadır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Geliştirilen bu ÖÇM 2006 ve 2007 eğitim öğretim döneminde uygulanmıştır. Katılan öğrencilerin ÖÇM ile ilgili görüşleri “bir dakika kağıdı” kullanılarak alınmıştır. Uygulama sonunda tüm verilere tematik analiz yapılmış ve belli başlıklar altında toplanmıştır. Bulgular: Uygulamaya katılan öğrenciler, bir dakika kağıtları ile altı temada toplanabilen 83 görüş bildirmişlerdir. Öğrenciler uygulama sırasındaki deneyim paylaşımı oturumlarının çok öğretici olduğunu, tıp eğitimi içinde rol modeli olan eğiticilerin ilaç firma temsilcisi ile iletişiminin eğitim açısından önemini vurgulamışlardır. Bulgular eğitim hedeflerinin yerine getirildiğini ve öğrencilerde başlangıç bir farkındalığın geliştiğini göstermektedir. Sonuç: Akılcı ilaç kullanımı için önemli olan hekim-ilaç firma temsilcisi etkileşimi konusunda eğitimlerin gereklidir ve eğitim programının içine entegre edilmelidir.
Kaynakça
- Tomorrow's doctors. Recommendations on undergraduate medical education. General Medical Council. Londra, 2003 . http://www.gmc-uk.org/education/undergraduate/GMC_tomorrows_doctors.pdf adresinden 9 Eylül 2005 tarihinde ulaşılmıştır.
- Harden RM. The core curriculum with options or special study modules. (AMEE Medical Education Guide No:5) Medical Teacher 1995; 17:125-148.
- Byrne PA, Lewis SEM, Thompson W. Special study modules: A student’s perspective. Medical Teacher 1999; 21:299- 301.
- Morton R. Special study modules in medical illustration in the undergraduate medical curriculum. Journal of Audiovisual Media in Medicine 2000; 23:110-112.
- Jha V, Duffy S, Murdoch-Eaton D. Development of transferable skills during short special study modules: students’ self-appraisal. Medical Teacher 2002; 24:202–207.
- Karabilgin OS, Şahin H. Ege Universitesi Tip Fakültesi’nde Özel Çalışma Modülü Kurulu organizasyonu Tıp Eğitimi Dünyası 2005; 20: 29-36.
- Zipkin DA, Steinman MA. Interactions between pharmaceutical representatives and doctors in training. Journal of General Internal Medicine 2005; 20: 777-786.
- Wofford JL, Ohl CA. Teaching appropriate interactions with pharmaceutical company representatives: The impact of the an innovative workshop on student attitudes. BMC Medical Education 2005; 5: 1-7.
- Moynihan R. Who pays for the pizza? Redefining the interactions between physicians and drug companies. 1: entanglement. British Medical Journal 2003; 326:1189-1192.
- Moynihan R. Who pays for the pizza? Redefining the interactions between physicians and drug companies. 2: disentanglement. British Medical Journal 2003; 326:1193-1196.
- Kerridge I, Maguire J, Newby D, et al. Cooperative partnerships or conflict-of-interest? A national survey of interaction between the pharmaceutical industry and medical organizations. Internal Medicine Journal 2005; 35:206-210.
- Sierles FS, Brodkey AC, Cleary LM, et al. Medical students’ exposure to and attitudes about drug company interactions. JAMA 2005; 294:1034-1042.
- Kern DE, Thomas PA, Howard DM, Bass EB. Curriculum Development for Medical Education: A Six-Step Approach. The Johns Hopkins University Press, 1999.
- Ege Üniversitesi Tıp Fakultesi Eğitim Programı. Ege Üniversity Matbaası, 2005.
- Monaghan SM, Galt KA, Turner PD, et al. Student understanding of the interaction between the health professions and the pharmaceutical industry. Teaching and Learning in Medicine 2003; 15:14–20.
- Komesaroff PA, Keridge H. Ethical issues concerning the interactions between medical practitioners and the pharmaceutical industry. MJA 2002; 176:118-121.
- Brody H. The company we keep: why physicians should refuse to see pharmaceutical representatives. Annals of Family Medicine 2005; 30:82-85.
- Ferguson RP, Rhim E, Belizaire W, Egede L, Carter K, Lansdale T. Encounters with Pharmaceutical Sales Representatives Among Practicing Internists. American Journal of Medicine 1999; 107:149- 152.
- Coyle SL. Physician–industry interactions. Part 1: individual physicians. Ann Intern Med 2002; 136:396-402.
- Coyle SL. Physician–industry interactions. Part 2: organizational issues. Ann Intern Med 2002; 136:403-406.
- Magnan B. Teaching idea: the one-minute paper. Teaching Concerns 1991 http://trc.virginia.edu/Publications/Teaching_Concerns/Spring_1991/TC_Spring_1991_One_Minute _Paper.htm adresinden 9 Eylül 2005 tarihinde ulaşılmıştır.
- Naps TL. Incorporating algorithm visualization into educational theory: a challenge for the future. Informatik 2001; 2: 17-21.
- Chizmar JF, Ostrosky AL. The one-minute paper: some empirical findings. Journal of Economic Education 1998; 29:3-10.
- Ross KP, Angelo T. The one-minute paper-classroom assessment techniques. Teaching Bytes 2001; 29:1-3.
- Şahin H, Karabilgin OS. Ege Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi’nde uygulanan özel çalışma modülleri ile ilgili öğrenci ve öğretim üyesi görüşleri. Tıp Eğitimi Dünyası 2005; 20:37-46.