Effect of Modeling Beam-Column Joints on Performance Assessment of Columns in Non-Ductile RC Frames

Öz

Seismic performance evaluation of non-seismically detailed reinforced concrete buildings requires proper analytical modeling approaches for beam-column joints which are most vulnerable parts. This study investigates the influence of beam column joint modeling assumptions on performance evaluation of non-ductile RC buildings. Numerical simulation model includes truss-based elements for beam-column connections and fiber-based elements for beams and columns. Two-dimensional four- and six- story reinforced concrete frames of an existing RC building are designed and analyzed by conducting incremental dynamic analyses. Column chord rotations and corresponding strains are compared with code provisions for performance assessment of non-ductile RC frames.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Beam-column joints
• non-ductile frames
• hybrid model

Effect of Modeling Beam-Column Joints on Performance Assessment of Columns in Non-Ductile RC Frames

Öz

Seismic performance evaluation of non-seismically detailed reinforced concrete buildings requires proper analytical modeling approaches for beam-column joints which are most vulnerable parts. This study investigates the influence of beam column joint modeling assumptions on performance evaluation of non-ductile RC buildings. Numerical simulation model includes truss-based elements for beam-column connections and fiber-based elements for beams and columns. Two-dimensional four- and six- story reinforced concrete frames of an existing RC building are designed and analyzed by conducting incremental dynamic analyses. Column chord rotations and corresponding strains are compared with code provisions for performance assessment of non-ductile RC frames.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• beam-column joints
• non-ductile frames
• hybrid model
• performance limits

Kaynakça

1. [1] Hanson, N. W., & Conner, H. W. 1967, Seismic resistance of reinforced concrete beam-column joints, J. of Str. Div., 93(5), 533-560, 1967.
2. [2] Park, R., and Paulay, T., Behaviour of reinforced concrete external beam-column joints under cyclic loading, Proceedings of the 5th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering, Rome, 1973.
3. [3] Kunnath, S. K., Hoffmann, G., Reinhorn, A. M., Mander, J. B., Gravity-load-designed reinforced concrete buildings — Part I: Seismic evaluation of existing construction, ACI Structural Journal, 92(3), 343–354, 1995.
4. [4] Hakuto, S., Park, R., Tanaka, H., Seismic load tests on interior and exterior beam column joints with substandard reinforcing details, ACI Structural Journal, 97(1), 11-25, 2000.
5. [5] Park, R., A summary of results of simulated seismic load tests on reinforced concrete beam-column joints, beams and columns with substandard reinforcing details, J. of Earth. Eng., 6(2), 147-174, 2002.
6. [6] Bedirhanoglu, I., Ilki, A., Pujol, S. and Kumbasar, N., Behavior of deficient joints with plain bars and low-strength concrete, ACI Structural Journal, 107(3), 300-310, 2010.
7. [7] Gökdemir, H. and Tankut, T., Kiriş-kolon birleşim bölgesinin depreme karşı çelik donatılarla güçlendirilmesi, İMO Teknik Dergi, 7977-7992, 2017.
8. [8] Moehle, Jack P. Seismic design of reinforced concrete buildings. New York: McGraw-Hill Education, 2015.

9. [9] Alire, D., Seismic evaluation of existing unconfined reinforced concrete beam-column joints, M.S. Thesis, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 306pp, 2002.
10. [10] Lima C., Martinelli, E., Macorini, L. and Izzuddin, B. A., Modelling beam-to-column joints in seismic analysis of RC frames, Earthquakes and Structures, 12(1), 119-133, 2017.
11. [11] Bayhan, B., Özdemir, G., and Gülkan, P., Impact of joint modeling approach on performance estimates of older-type RC buildings, Earthquake Spectra, 33(3), 1101-1123, 2017.
12. [12] Calvi, G. M., Magenes, G., and Pampanin, S., Relevance of beam-column joint damage and collapse in RC frame assessment, J. of Earth. Eng., 6(1), 75-100, 2002.
13. [13] Favvata, M. J., Izzuddin, B. A., and Karayannis, C. G., Modelling exterior beam–column joints for seismic analysis of RC frame structures, Earth. Eng. and Str. Dyn. 37(13), 1527-1548, 2008.
14. [14] Sharma, A., Eligehausen, R., and Reddy, G. R., Pivot hysteresis model parameters for reinforced concrete columns, joints, and structures, ACI Structural Journal, 110(2), 217-227, 2013.
15. [15] Bedirhanoğlu, I, Düşük dayanımlı betona sahip betonarme kolon ve birleşimlerin deprem yükleri altında davranışlarının incelenmesi ve iyileştirilmesi, Doktora tezi, İstanbul Teknik Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, 2009.
16. [16] Youssef, M., and Ghobarah, A., Modelling of RC beam-column joints and structural walls, Jour. of Earth. Eng., 5(1), 93-111, 2001.
17. [17] Lowes, L. N., Mitra, N., and Altoontash, A., A beam-column joint model for simulating the earthquake response of reinforced concrete frames, Report No. PEER 2003/10; Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center, College of Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, 2003.
18. [18] Park, S. and Mosalam, K.M., Simulation of reinforced concrete frames with nonductile beam-column joints. Earthquake Spectra, 29(1), 233-257, 2013.
19. [19] Kostic, S., and Filippou, F., Section discretization of fiber beam-column elements for cyclic inelastic response. Jour. of Str. Eng., 138, 592-601, 2012.
20. [20] Kim, J. H., and Mander, J. B. Truss modeling of reinforced concrete shear – flexure behaviour, MCEER Report 99-0005, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, 1999.
21. [21] Miki, T., and Niwa, J., Nonlinear analysis of RC structural members using 3D lattice model, J. of Adv. Con. Tech., 2(3), 343-358, 2004.
22. [22] Park, H., and Eom, T., Truss model for nonlinear analysis of RC members subject to cyclic loading, J. of Str. Eng., 133(10), 1351-1363, 2007.
23. [23] To, N., Sritharan, S., and Ingham, J., Strut-and-tie nonlinear cyclic analysis of concrete frames”, J. of Str. Eng., 135(10), 1259-1268, 2009.
24. [24] Panagiotou, M., Restrepo, J. I., Schoettler, M., and Kim, G., Nonlinear cyclic truss model for reinforced concrete walls, ACI Structural Journal, 109(2), 205-214, 2012.
25. [25] Moharrami M., Koutromanos I., Panagiotou M., Girgin S.C., Analysis of shear-dominated RC columns using the nonlinear truss analogy, Earth. Eng. and Str. Dyn., 44(5), 677-694.
26. [26] Bowers, J.T., Nonlinear cyclic truss model for beam-column joints of non-ductile RC frames. M.Sc. thesis, Virginia Polytechnic and State University, 2014.
27. [27] Xing C., Koutromanos I., Leon R., and Moharrami M., Computational simulation of RC Beam-to-Column Connections Under Earthquake Loading, Eleventh US National Conference on Earthquake Engineering, Loa Angeles, CA, USA, 2018.
28. [28] McKenna, F., Fenves, G. L., Scott, M. H., and Jeremic, B. Open system for earthquake engineering simulation. http://opensees.berkeley.edu, 2015.
29. [29] Lu, Y. and Panagiotou, M., Three-dimensional cyclic beam-truss model for non-planar reinforced concrete walls, J. of Str. Eng., 140(3), 2014.
30. [30] Stevens, N. J., Uzumeri, S. M., Collins, M. P., and Will, T. G., Constitutive model for reinforced concrete finite element analysis, ACI Structural Journal, 99(10), 2109-2122, 1991.
31. [31] Vecchio, F. G. & Collins, M.P., The modified compression field theory for reinforced concrete elements subjected to shear, J. of the American Con. Inst., 83(2), 219-231, 1986.
32. [32] Misir, I. S., & Kahraman, S., Strengthening of non-seismically detailed reinforced concrete beam–column joints using SIFCON blocks, Sadhana, 38(1), 69-88, 2013.
33. [33] Pantelides, C.P., Hansen, J., Nadauld, J. and Reaveley, L.D., Assessment of reinforced concrete building exterior joints with substandard details. PEER report, 2002.
34. [34] Vamvatsikos, Dimitrios, & Cornell, C.A., Incremental dynamic analysis. Earth. Eng. & Str. Dyn. 31.3:491-514, 2002.
35. [35] Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research (PEER) Center, PEER Strong MotionDatabase, https://peer.berkeley.edu/peer-strong-ground-motion-databases/, 2019.
36. [36] FEMA 350 (2000). Recommended seismic design criteria for new steel moment-frame buildings. Federal Emergency Management Agency, 2000.
37. [37] ASCE/SEI 41, Seismic rehabilitation of existing buildings, Reston, VA, U.S.A 2006.
38. [38] Turkish Building Earthquake Code (TBEC), Principles for the design of buildings under earthquake, Ankara, Turkey, 2018.