Karayolu Trafiğinde Şok Dalgaları: Dalgacık Dönüşümü ile Makroskobik ve Mikroskobik İnceleme
Yıl 2016,
Cilt: 27 Sayı: 2, 7429 - 7452, 01.04.2016
İsmail Şahin
,
S. Şeyma Kuşakcı
,
Gökçe Aydın
Öz
Şok dalgaları, karayolunda farklı trafik durumları
arasındaki sınır şartlarını tanımlar. Şok dalgalarının oluşumunu ve yayılmasını
anlamak, trafik tıkanıklığının özelliklerini ve etkilerini incelemenin yanında,
yeni trafik işletim tekniklerinin ve yönetim stratejilerinin geliştirilmesi için
de önemlidir. Şok dalgalarının oluşması ve yayılması, makroskobik (ortalama
akım hızı) ve mikroskobik (taşıt yörüngeleri) olmak üzere iki farklı veri
kümesi kullanılarak, dalgacık dönüşümü (wavelet transform)
tekniğiyle incelenmiştir. Şok dalgalarının bu çalışmada tahmin edilen yayılma hızları
literatürde bulunan hızlarla uyumludur. Dalga hızları, trafik akışının temel
diyagramını kalibre etmek ve bir karayolu kesimindeki akım hızlarını (yolculuk
sürelerini) tahmin etmek için kullanılabilmektedir.
Kaynakça
- Şahin, İ., Akyıldız, G., Zorer, A., Gedizlioğlu, E., “Uzun Otoyol Kuyruklarının İncelenmesi ve İyileştirme Stratejilerinin Araştırılması”, Araştırma Projesi Sonuç Raporu, TÜBİTAK, İnşaat ve Çevre Teknolojileri Araştırma Grubu Proje No. İÇTAG-I920 ve YTÜ Araştırma Projeleri Koordinatörlüğü Proje No. 22-05-01-0, 2004.
- Şahin, İ., Akyıldız, G. “Bosporus Bridge Toll Plaza in Istanbul, Turkey: Upstream and Downstream Traffic Features”, Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, No. 1910, Transportation Research Board of the National Academies, Washington, D.C., 99-107, 2005.
- Şahin, İ., “Some Observed Features of Freeway Traffic Oscillations”, Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, No. 2124, Transportation Research Board of the National Academies, Washington, D.C., 186–193, 2009.
- Adeli, H., Karim, A., “Wavelets in Intelligent Transportation Systems”, John Wiley & Sons Ltd., 2005.
- Zheng, Z., Ahn, S., Chen, D., Laval, J., “Applications of Wavelet Transform for Analysis of Freeway Traffic: Bottlenecks, Transient Traffic, and Traffic Oscillations”, Transportation Research Part B: Methodological, 45(2), 372-384, 2011.
- Zheng, Z., Washington, S., “On Selecting an Optimal Wavelet for Detecting Singularities in Traffic and Vehicular Data”, Transportation Research Part C, Vol. 25, 18-33, 2012.
- Taylor, M.A.P., Bonsall, P.W., Young, W., “Understanding Traffic Systems: Data, Analysis and Presentation”, second edition, Ashgate Publishing Ltd, 2000.
- Washington, S.P., Karlaftis, M.G., Mannering, F.L., “Statistical and Econometric Methods for Transportation Data Analysis”, Chapman & Hall/CRC Press, 2003.
- Machiwal, D., Jha, M.K., “Hydrologic Time Series Analysis: Theory and Practice”, Copublished by Springer, Capital Publishing Company, India, 2012.
- Kijewski, T., Kareem, A., “Wavelet Transforms for System Identification in Civil Engineering”, Computer-Aided Civil and Infrastructure Engineering, Vol. 18, 339-355, 2003.
- Jansen, M., Oonincx, P., “Second Generation Wavelets and Applications”, Springer-Verlag London Limited, 2005.
- Zheng, Z., Ahn, S., Chen, D., Laval, J., “Freeway Traffic Oscillations: Microscopic Analysis of Formations and Propagations Using Wavelet Transform”, Transportation Research Part B: Methodological, 45(9), 1378-1388, 2011.
- Addison, P.S., “The Illustrated Wavelet Transform Handbook - Introductory Theory and Applications in Science, Engineering, Medicine and Finance”, IOP Publishing Ltd, 2002.
- Aydın, F., “Fatih Sultan Mehmet Köprüsü’ndeki Ek Şerit Uygulamasının Simülasyon Modeli ile İncelenmesi”, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Yıldız Teknik Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, 2008.
- NGSIM, 2010, “Next Generation Simulation”, http://ngsim-community.org/, Erişme tarihi: 28.06.2011.
- Lu, X.-Y., Skabardonis, A., “Freeway Traffic Shockwave Analysis: Exploring the NGSIM Trajectory Data”, TRB Annual Meeting, Paper #07-3016, January 2007.
- Newell, G.F., “A Simplified Theory of Kinematic Waves in Highway Traffic I: General Theory, II: Queuing at Freeway Bottlenecks, III: Multi-destination flows”, Transportation Research, 27B, 281-313, 1993.
- Cassidy, M.J., “Traffic Flow and Capacity”, In Handbook of Transportation Science (Ed. R.W. Hall), Kluwer Academic Publishers, 151-186, 1999.
Shockwaves in Highway Traffic: Macroscopic and Microscopic Analysis with Wavelet Transform
Yıl 2016,
Cilt: 27 Sayı: 2, 7429 - 7452, 01.04.2016
İsmail Şahin
,
S. Şeyma Kuşakcı
,
Gökçe Aydın
Öz
Shock waves in
highway traffic define the boundary conditions between different traffic
states. Understanding of formation and propagation of shock waves is helpful
for analyzing the features of traffic congestion and its consequences;
moreover, for developing novel highway traffic operation techniques and
management strategies. Formation and propagation of shock waves were analyzed
with wavelet transform technique using two different sets of data, namely
macroscopic (mean flow speeds) and microscopic (vehicle trajectories).
Estimated propagation speeds of shockwaves in this study are consistent with
those reported in the literature. Shockwave speeds could be used to calibrate
the fundamental diagram of a traffic stream and also to estimate flow speeds
(journey times) over a highway stretch.
Kaynakça
- Şahin, İ., Akyıldız, G., Zorer, A., Gedizlioğlu, E., “Uzun Otoyol Kuyruklarının İncelenmesi ve İyileştirme Stratejilerinin Araştırılması”, Araştırma Projesi Sonuç Raporu, TÜBİTAK, İnşaat ve Çevre Teknolojileri Araştırma Grubu Proje No. İÇTAG-I920 ve YTÜ Araştırma Projeleri Koordinatörlüğü Proje No. 22-05-01-0, 2004.
- Şahin, İ., Akyıldız, G. “Bosporus Bridge Toll Plaza in Istanbul, Turkey: Upstream and Downstream Traffic Features”, Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, No. 1910, Transportation Research Board of the National Academies, Washington, D.C., 99-107, 2005.
- Şahin, İ., “Some Observed Features of Freeway Traffic Oscillations”, Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, No. 2124, Transportation Research Board of the National Academies, Washington, D.C., 186–193, 2009.
- Adeli, H., Karim, A., “Wavelets in Intelligent Transportation Systems”, John Wiley & Sons Ltd., 2005.
- Zheng, Z., Ahn, S., Chen, D., Laval, J., “Applications of Wavelet Transform for Analysis of Freeway Traffic: Bottlenecks, Transient Traffic, and Traffic Oscillations”, Transportation Research Part B: Methodological, 45(2), 372-384, 2011.
- Zheng, Z., Washington, S., “On Selecting an Optimal Wavelet for Detecting Singularities in Traffic and Vehicular Data”, Transportation Research Part C, Vol. 25, 18-33, 2012.
- Taylor, M.A.P., Bonsall, P.W., Young, W., “Understanding Traffic Systems: Data, Analysis and Presentation”, second edition, Ashgate Publishing Ltd, 2000.
- Washington, S.P., Karlaftis, M.G., Mannering, F.L., “Statistical and Econometric Methods for Transportation Data Analysis”, Chapman & Hall/CRC Press, 2003.
- Machiwal, D., Jha, M.K., “Hydrologic Time Series Analysis: Theory and Practice”, Copublished by Springer, Capital Publishing Company, India, 2012.
- Kijewski, T., Kareem, A., “Wavelet Transforms for System Identification in Civil Engineering”, Computer-Aided Civil and Infrastructure Engineering, Vol. 18, 339-355, 2003.
- Jansen, M., Oonincx, P., “Second Generation Wavelets and Applications”, Springer-Verlag London Limited, 2005.
- Zheng, Z., Ahn, S., Chen, D., Laval, J., “Freeway Traffic Oscillations: Microscopic Analysis of Formations and Propagations Using Wavelet Transform”, Transportation Research Part B: Methodological, 45(9), 1378-1388, 2011.
- Addison, P.S., “The Illustrated Wavelet Transform Handbook - Introductory Theory and Applications in Science, Engineering, Medicine and Finance”, IOP Publishing Ltd, 2002.
- Aydın, F., “Fatih Sultan Mehmet Köprüsü’ndeki Ek Şerit Uygulamasının Simülasyon Modeli ile İncelenmesi”, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Yıldız Teknik Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, 2008.
- NGSIM, 2010, “Next Generation Simulation”, http://ngsim-community.org/, Erişme tarihi: 28.06.2011.
- Lu, X.-Y., Skabardonis, A., “Freeway Traffic Shockwave Analysis: Exploring the NGSIM Trajectory Data”, TRB Annual Meeting, Paper #07-3016, January 2007.
- Newell, G.F., “A Simplified Theory of Kinematic Waves in Highway Traffic I: General Theory, II: Queuing at Freeway Bottlenecks, III: Multi-destination flows”, Transportation Research, 27B, 281-313, 1993.
- Cassidy, M.J., “Traffic Flow and Capacity”, In Handbook of Transportation Science (Ed. R.W. Hall), Kluwer Academic Publishers, 151-186, 1999.