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Toplu Ulaşımda Bekleme Süresini Etkileyen Faktörlerin İncelenmesi: Güvenilirlik, Yolcu Bilgilendirme Sistemi ve Fiziksel Koşullar

Yıl 2017, Cilt: 28 Sayı: 3, 7927 - 7954, 29.06.0017
https://doi.org/10.18400/tekderg.307513

Öz

Toplu
ulaşımda bekleme süresi, yolcuların algıladığı hizmet seviyesinin en önemli
boyutlarından biridir. Özellikle trafik koşullarının etkisi altında işletilen
kent içi otobüs taşımacılığında aşırı bekleme süresi, yolcuların tür ve güzergâh
seçimini değiştirebilecek bir fayda fonksiyonu bileşenine dönüşebilmektedir. Bu
çalışmada, kent içi otobüs taşımacılığında karşılaşılan bekleme süresi, hat ve
durağa ait fiziksel koşulların yanı sıra, güvenilirlik ve yolcu bilgilendirme
sistemlerinin etkisi de dikkate alınarak modellenmiştir. Oluşturulan doğrusal
modeller sonucunda bilgilendirme sistemi varlığının bekleme süresini ortalama 2
dakika, güvenilirliğin ise ortalama 1,3 dakika kısaltıcı etkisi olduğu
görülmüştür. Ayrıca yolcu bilgilendirme sistemlerinin, kent merkezinden gelen
hatlar tarafından kullanılan ve geometrisine uygun kullanılan duraklarda
uygulanmasının daha verimli olacağı sonucuna varılmıştır.

Kaynakça

  • [1] Victoria Transport Policy Institute, Transit Station Improvements: Improving Public Transit Waiting Conditions. Victoria, Canada, www.vtpi.org, 2015.
  • [2] Murat, Y.Ş., Kutluhan, S., Uludağ, N., Use of Fuzzy Optimization and Linear Goal Programming Approaches in Urban Bus Lines Organization. Soft Computing in Industrial Applications, 223, 277-287, 2014.
  • [3] Wardman, M., Hine, J., Stradling, S. G., Interchange and Travel Choice. Research Report, Edinburgh: Scottish Executive Central Research Unit, Edinburgh, Scotland, 2001.
  • [4] Durrande‐Moreau, A., Waiting for Service: Ten Years of Empirical Research. International Journal of Service Industry Management, 10 (2), 171 - 194, 1999.
  • [5] Katz, K., Larson, B., Larson, R., Prescription for the Waiting-in-Line Blues: Entertain, Enlighten and Engage. Sloan Management Review, 32 (2), 44–53, 1991.
  • [6] Taylor, S., Fullerton, G., Waiting for Service: Perceptions Management of the Wait Experience. In Handbook of Services Marketing and Management, ed. Teresa A. Swartz and Dawn Iacobucci, Thousand Oakes, CA: Sage Publications, 171-189, 2000.
  • [7] Hui, M. K., Tse, D. K., What to Tell Consumers in Waits of Different Lengths: An Integrative Model of Service Evaluation. Journal of Marketing, 60, 81–90, 1996.
  • [8] Hui, M. K., Zhou, L., How Does Waiting Duration Information Influence Customers' Reactions to Waiting for Services? Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 26 (19), 1702–1717, 1996.
  • [9] Hall, R. W., Passenger Waiting Time and Information Acquisition Using Automatic Vehicle Location for Verification. Transportation Planning and Technology, 24 (3), 249–269, 2001.
  • [10] Jolliffe, J. K., Hutchinson, T. P., A Behavioral Explanation of the Association Between Bus and Passenger Arrivals at a Bus Stop. Transportation Science, 9 (4), 248–282, 1975.
  • [11] Fonzone, A., Schmöcker, J.D., Liu, R., A Model of Bus Bunching under Reliability-Based Passenger Arrival Patterns. Transportation Research Part C: Emerging Technologies, 59 (October), 164-182, 2015.
  • [12] He, S.X., An Anti-Bunching Strategy to Improve Bus Schedule and Headway Reliability by Making Use of the Available Accurate Information. Computers & Industrial Engineering, 85 (July), 17-32, 2015.
  • [13] Moreau, A., Public Transport Waiting Times as Experienced by Customers: Marketing Research Involving the Grenoble System. Public Transport International, 41 (3), 52-68, 1992.
  • [14] Casey, R. P., Lawrence, N. L., Moniz, L., Royal, J. W., Sheehan, M., Sheehan, T., Advanced Public Transportation Systems: The State of the Art, Research and Special Programs Administration Volpe National Transportation Systems Center Office of System and Economic Assessment Operations Assessment Division, Cambridge, MA, 2000.
  • [15] U. S. Department of Transportation (USDOT), Developing Traveller Information Systems Using the National its Architecture. Intelligent Transportation Systems Joint Program Office, Washington DC, 1998.
  • [16] Marks, J., How Transit Agencies are Leveraging the Web for Traveller Information. Newsletter of the ITS Cooperative Deployment Network, 2001.
  • [17] Abdelfattah, A., Ata, M. K., Models for Predicting Bus Delays. Transportation Research Record, 1623, 8-15, 1998.
  • [18] Lehtonen, M., Kulmala, R., The Benefits of a Pilot Implementation of Public Transport Signal Priorities and Real-Time Passenger Information. Paper presented at the Inform Norden International Conference, Tampere, Finland, 2001.
  • [19] Coogan, M. A., Recent Developments in Integrated Passenger Information Systems in North America. Paper presented at the 3rd UITP Conference on Travel Information, Gothenburg, Sweden, 2003.
  • [20] Dziekan, K., Customer Perceptions and Behavioural Responses to it Based Public Transport Information, Stockholm, Sweden: Infrastruktur, 2004.
  • [21] Kronborg, P., Anders, L., Eva, S., Fungera Transportinformatik i Praktiken? 14 Fallstudier i Syfte att Undvika Misstag i Framtiden, Stockholm: TFK, 2002.
  • [22] Infopolis2, Review of Current Passenger Information Systems, Advanced Passenger Information for European Citizens of 2000, 1998.
  • [23] Stradling, S. G., Transport User Needs and Marketing Public Transport. Municipal Engineer, 151 (1), 23-28, 2002.
  • [24] Federal Highway Administration, 2010 Status of the Nation's Highways, Bridges, and Transit: Conditions & Performance. U.S. Department of Transportation, Washington DC, 2010.
  • [25] Abdel-Aty, M. A., Using Ordered Probit Modeling to Study the Effect of ATIS on Transit Ridership. Transportation Research Part C, 9, 265–277, 2001.
  • [26] Tang, L., Thakuriah, P., Ridership Effects of Real-Time Bus Information System: A Case Study in The City of Chicago. Transportation Research Part C: Emerging Technologies, 22, 146-161, 2012.
  • [27] Peng, Z., Oliver, J., Assessing Means of Transit Information Delivery for Advanced Public Transportation Systems. Journal of the Transportation Research Board, 1428, 99, 1999.
  • [28] Hickman, M., Wilson, N., Passenger Travel Time and Path Choice Implications of Real-Time Transit Information. Transportation Research Part C 3 (4), 211-226, 1995.
  • [29] Schweiger, C., Real Time Bus Arrival Information Systems. Transportation Research Board Transit Cooperative Research Programme Synthesis 48, 2003.
  • [30] Forsyth, E., Silcock, D., Real Time Information for Passengers on the London Underground. PTRC SAM Seminar J, 157-171, 1985.
  • [31] Liu, R., Sinha, S., Modelling Urban Bus Service and Passenger Reliability. The Third International Symposium on Transportation Network Reliability (INSTR), Hague, Netherlands, 2007.
  • [32] Abkowitz, M., Slavin, H., Waksman, R., Englisher, L., Wilson, N., Transit Service Reliability Report. USDOT Transportation Systems Center, Cambridge, MA, 1978.
  • [33] Chen, X., Yu, L., Zhang, Y., Guo, J., Analyzing Urban Bus Service Reliability at the Stop, Route, and Network Levels. Transportation Research Part A, 43, 722-734, 2009.
  • [34] Turnquist, M. A., Bowman, L. A., The Effects of Network Structure on Reliability of Transit Service. Transportation Research, 14B, 79-86, 1980.
  • [35] Murat, Y. S., Uludag, N., Bulanık Mantık ve Lojistik Regresyon Yöntemleri ile Ulaşım Ağlarında Rota Seçim Davranışının Modellenmesi. Teknik Dergi, 19 (2), 4363-4379, 2008.
  • [36] Transit Cooperatıve Research Program (TCRP), Transit Capacity and Quality of Service Manual. Second Ed., TCRP Report 100, Transportation Research Board, National Research Council, Washington, DC, 2003.
  • [37] Kittelson & Associates Inc., Urbitran Inc., LKC Consulting Services Inc., MORPACE International Inc., Queensland University of Technology, Nakanishi, Y., TCRP Report 88: A Guidebook for Developing a Transit Performance Measurement System. TRB, Washington, D.C., 2003.
  • [38] Polus, A., Modelling and Measurements of Bus Service Reliability. Transportation Research, 12, 253-256, 1978.
  • [39] Bates, J., Polak, J., Jones, P., Cook, A., The Valuation of Reliability for Personal Travel. Transportation Research Part E, 37, 191-229, 2001.
  • [40] Strathman, J., Dueker, K., Kimpel, T., Gerhart, R., Turner, K., Taylor, P., Callas, S., Griffin, D., Automated Bus Dispatching, Operations Control and Service Reliability: The Initial Trimet Experience. TransNow Report, 1999.
  • [41] Özuysal, M., Çalışkanelli S.P., Tanyel, S, Otobüs Duraklarındaki Yolcu Iniş-Biniş Zamanları Üzerine Bir Tartışma. Pamukkale Üniversitesi, Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi, 22 (6), 460-467, 2016.
  • [42] Özuysal, M., Tanyel, S., Induced Travel Demand in Developing Countries: Study on State Highways in Turkey. ASCE - Journal of Urban Planning and Development, 134 (2), 78-87, 2008.

Investigation of the Factors Effecting Waiting Time in Public Transportation: Reliability, Passenger Information System and Physical Conditions

Yıl 2017, Cilt: 28 Sayı: 3, 7927 - 7954, 29.06.0017
https://doi.org/10.18400/tekderg.307513

Öz

Waiting time in public
transportation is the one of the most important dimensions of the level of
service perceived by the passengers. Excessive waiting times may turn into a
utility function component that change the mode and route choices of
passengers, especially for the urban bus transportation operated under the
effect of traffic conditions. In this study, the waiting times in urban bus
systems are predicted by using the effects of reliability and passenger
information systems, together with the physical conditions of bus routes and
stops. As the result of the constituted linear multiple regression models, it
is found that the existence of passenger information system and reliability
have reducing effect on waiting time as 2 and 1.3 minutes, respectively. Besides,
it is concluded that the passenger information systems are more efficient if
they are implemented for the stops conveniently used according to their
geometry and the ones used by the lines coming from the city center.

Kaynakça

  • [1] Victoria Transport Policy Institute, Transit Station Improvements: Improving Public Transit Waiting Conditions. Victoria, Canada, www.vtpi.org, 2015.
  • [2] Murat, Y.Ş., Kutluhan, S., Uludağ, N., Use of Fuzzy Optimization and Linear Goal Programming Approaches in Urban Bus Lines Organization. Soft Computing in Industrial Applications, 223, 277-287, 2014.
  • [3] Wardman, M., Hine, J., Stradling, S. G., Interchange and Travel Choice. Research Report, Edinburgh: Scottish Executive Central Research Unit, Edinburgh, Scotland, 2001.
  • [4] Durrande‐Moreau, A., Waiting for Service: Ten Years of Empirical Research. International Journal of Service Industry Management, 10 (2), 171 - 194, 1999.
  • [5] Katz, K., Larson, B., Larson, R., Prescription for the Waiting-in-Line Blues: Entertain, Enlighten and Engage. Sloan Management Review, 32 (2), 44–53, 1991.
  • [6] Taylor, S., Fullerton, G., Waiting for Service: Perceptions Management of the Wait Experience. In Handbook of Services Marketing and Management, ed. Teresa A. Swartz and Dawn Iacobucci, Thousand Oakes, CA: Sage Publications, 171-189, 2000.
  • [7] Hui, M. K., Tse, D. K., What to Tell Consumers in Waits of Different Lengths: An Integrative Model of Service Evaluation. Journal of Marketing, 60, 81–90, 1996.
  • [8] Hui, M. K., Zhou, L., How Does Waiting Duration Information Influence Customers' Reactions to Waiting for Services? Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 26 (19), 1702–1717, 1996.
  • [9] Hall, R. W., Passenger Waiting Time and Information Acquisition Using Automatic Vehicle Location for Verification. Transportation Planning and Technology, 24 (3), 249–269, 2001.
  • [10] Jolliffe, J. K., Hutchinson, T. P., A Behavioral Explanation of the Association Between Bus and Passenger Arrivals at a Bus Stop. Transportation Science, 9 (4), 248–282, 1975.
  • [11] Fonzone, A., Schmöcker, J.D., Liu, R., A Model of Bus Bunching under Reliability-Based Passenger Arrival Patterns. Transportation Research Part C: Emerging Technologies, 59 (October), 164-182, 2015.
  • [12] He, S.X., An Anti-Bunching Strategy to Improve Bus Schedule and Headway Reliability by Making Use of the Available Accurate Information. Computers & Industrial Engineering, 85 (July), 17-32, 2015.
  • [13] Moreau, A., Public Transport Waiting Times as Experienced by Customers: Marketing Research Involving the Grenoble System. Public Transport International, 41 (3), 52-68, 1992.
  • [14] Casey, R. P., Lawrence, N. L., Moniz, L., Royal, J. W., Sheehan, M., Sheehan, T., Advanced Public Transportation Systems: The State of the Art, Research and Special Programs Administration Volpe National Transportation Systems Center Office of System and Economic Assessment Operations Assessment Division, Cambridge, MA, 2000.
  • [15] U. S. Department of Transportation (USDOT), Developing Traveller Information Systems Using the National its Architecture. Intelligent Transportation Systems Joint Program Office, Washington DC, 1998.
  • [16] Marks, J., How Transit Agencies are Leveraging the Web for Traveller Information. Newsletter of the ITS Cooperative Deployment Network, 2001.
  • [17] Abdelfattah, A., Ata, M. K., Models for Predicting Bus Delays. Transportation Research Record, 1623, 8-15, 1998.
  • [18] Lehtonen, M., Kulmala, R., The Benefits of a Pilot Implementation of Public Transport Signal Priorities and Real-Time Passenger Information. Paper presented at the Inform Norden International Conference, Tampere, Finland, 2001.
  • [19] Coogan, M. A., Recent Developments in Integrated Passenger Information Systems in North America. Paper presented at the 3rd UITP Conference on Travel Information, Gothenburg, Sweden, 2003.
  • [20] Dziekan, K., Customer Perceptions and Behavioural Responses to it Based Public Transport Information, Stockholm, Sweden: Infrastruktur, 2004.
  • [21] Kronborg, P., Anders, L., Eva, S., Fungera Transportinformatik i Praktiken? 14 Fallstudier i Syfte att Undvika Misstag i Framtiden, Stockholm: TFK, 2002.
  • [22] Infopolis2, Review of Current Passenger Information Systems, Advanced Passenger Information for European Citizens of 2000, 1998.
  • [23] Stradling, S. G., Transport User Needs and Marketing Public Transport. Municipal Engineer, 151 (1), 23-28, 2002.
  • [24] Federal Highway Administration, 2010 Status of the Nation's Highways, Bridges, and Transit: Conditions & Performance. U.S. Department of Transportation, Washington DC, 2010.
  • [25] Abdel-Aty, M. A., Using Ordered Probit Modeling to Study the Effect of ATIS on Transit Ridership. Transportation Research Part C, 9, 265–277, 2001.
  • [26] Tang, L., Thakuriah, P., Ridership Effects of Real-Time Bus Information System: A Case Study in The City of Chicago. Transportation Research Part C: Emerging Technologies, 22, 146-161, 2012.
  • [27] Peng, Z., Oliver, J., Assessing Means of Transit Information Delivery for Advanced Public Transportation Systems. Journal of the Transportation Research Board, 1428, 99, 1999.
  • [28] Hickman, M., Wilson, N., Passenger Travel Time and Path Choice Implications of Real-Time Transit Information. Transportation Research Part C 3 (4), 211-226, 1995.
  • [29] Schweiger, C., Real Time Bus Arrival Information Systems. Transportation Research Board Transit Cooperative Research Programme Synthesis 48, 2003.
  • [30] Forsyth, E., Silcock, D., Real Time Information for Passengers on the London Underground. PTRC SAM Seminar J, 157-171, 1985.
  • [31] Liu, R., Sinha, S., Modelling Urban Bus Service and Passenger Reliability. The Third International Symposium on Transportation Network Reliability (INSTR), Hague, Netherlands, 2007.
  • [32] Abkowitz, M., Slavin, H., Waksman, R., Englisher, L., Wilson, N., Transit Service Reliability Report. USDOT Transportation Systems Center, Cambridge, MA, 1978.
  • [33] Chen, X., Yu, L., Zhang, Y., Guo, J., Analyzing Urban Bus Service Reliability at the Stop, Route, and Network Levels. Transportation Research Part A, 43, 722-734, 2009.
  • [34] Turnquist, M. A., Bowman, L. A., The Effects of Network Structure on Reliability of Transit Service. Transportation Research, 14B, 79-86, 1980.
  • [35] Murat, Y. S., Uludag, N., Bulanık Mantık ve Lojistik Regresyon Yöntemleri ile Ulaşım Ağlarında Rota Seçim Davranışının Modellenmesi. Teknik Dergi, 19 (2), 4363-4379, 2008.
  • [36] Transit Cooperatıve Research Program (TCRP), Transit Capacity and Quality of Service Manual. Second Ed., TCRP Report 100, Transportation Research Board, National Research Council, Washington, DC, 2003.
  • [37] Kittelson & Associates Inc., Urbitran Inc., LKC Consulting Services Inc., MORPACE International Inc., Queensland University of Technology, Nakanishi, Y., TCRP Report 88: A Guidebook for Developing a Transit Performance Measurement System. TRB, Washington, D.C., 2003.
  • [38] Polus, A., Modelling and Measurements of Bus Service Reliability. Transportation Research, 12, 253-256, 1978.
  • [39] Bates, J., Polak, J., Jones, P., Cook, A., The Valuation of Reliability for Personal Travel. Transportation Research Part E, 37, 191-229, 2001.
  • [40] Strathman, J., Dueker, K., Kimpel, T., Gerhart, R., Turner, K., Taylor, P., Callas, S., Griffin, D., Automated Bus Dispatching, Operations Control and Service Reliability: The Initial Trimet Experience. TransNow Report, 1999.
  • [41] Özuysal, M., Çalışkanelli S.P., Tanyel, S, Otobüs Duraklarındaki Yolcu Iniş-Biniş Zamanları Üzerine Bir Tartışma. Pamukkale Üniversitesi, Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi, 22 (6), 460-467, 2016.
  • [42] Özuysal, M., Tanyel, S., Induced Travel Demand in Developing Countries: Study on State Highways in Turkey. ASCE - Journal of Urban Planning and Development, 134 (2), 78-87, 2008.
Toplam 42 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Konular Mühendislik
Bölüm Makale
Yazarlar

Gizem Doğan Bu kişi benim

Mustafa Özuysal 0000-0002-3276-3075

Yayımlanma Tarihi 1 Temmuz 17
Gönderilme Tarihi 21 Nisan 2017
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2017 Cilt: 28 Sayı: 3

Kaynak Göster

APA Doğan, G., & Özuysal, M. Toplu Ulaşımda Bekleme Süresini Etkileyen Faktörlerin İncelenmesi: Güvenilirlik, Yolcu Bilgilendirme Sistemi ve Fiziksel Koşullar. Teknik Dergi, 28(3), 7927-7954. https://doi.org/10.18400/tekderg.307513
AMA Doğan G, Özuysal M. Toplu Ulaşımda Bekleme Süresini Etkileyen Faktörlerin İncelenmesi: Güvenilirlik, Yolcu Bilgilendirme Sistemi ve Fiziksel Koşullar. Teknik Dergi. 28(3):7927-7954. doi:10.18400/tekderg.307513
Chicago Doğan, Gizem, ve Mustafa Özuysal. “Toplu Ulaşımda Bekleme Süresini Etkileyen Faktörlerin İncelenmesi: Güvenilirlik, Yolcu Bilgilendirme Sistemi Ve Fiziksel Koşullar”. Teknik Dergi 28, sy. 3 : 7927-54. https://doi.org/10.18400/tekderg.307513.
EndNote Doğan G, Özuysal M Toplu Ulaşımda Bekleme Süresini Etkileyen Faktörlerin İncelenmesi: Güvenilirlik, Yolcu Bilgilendirme Sistemi ve Fiziksel Koşullar. Teknik Dergi 28 3 7927–7954.
IEEE G. Doğan ve M. Özuysal, “Toplu Ulaşımda Bekleme Süresini Etkileyen Faktörlerin İncelenmesi: Güvenilirlik, Yolcu Bilgilendirme Sistemi ve Fiziksel Koşullar”, Teknik Dergi, c. 28, sy. 3, ss. 7927–7954, doi: 10.18400/tekderg.307513.
ISNAD Doğan, Gizem - Özuysal, Mustafa. “Toplu Ulaşımda Bekleme Süresini Etkileyen Faktörlerin İncelenmesi: Güvenilirlik, Yolcu Bilgilendirme Sistemi Ve Fiziksel Koşullar”. Teknik Dergi 28/3, 7927-7954. https://doi.org/10.18400/tekderg.307513.
JAMA Doğan G, Özuysal M. Toplu Ulaşımda Bekleme Süresini Etkileyen Faktörlerin İncelenmesi: Güvenilirlik, Yolcu Bilgilendirme Sistemi ve Fiziksel Koşullar. Teknik Dergi.;28:7927–7954.
MLA Doğan, Gizem ve Mustafa Özuysal. “Toplu Ulaşımda Bekleme Süresini Etkileyen Faktörlerin İncelenmesi: Güvenilirlik, Yolcu Bilgilendirme Sistemi Ve Fiziksel Koşullar”. Teknik Dergi, c. 28, sy. 3, ss. 7927-54, doi:10.18400/tekderg.307513.
Vancouver Doğan G, Özuysal M. Toplu Ulaşımda Bekleme Süresini Etkileyen Faktörlerin İncelenmesi: Güvenilirlik, Yolcu Bilgilendirme Sistemi ve Fiziksel Koşullar. Teknik Dergi. 28(3):7927-54.