Investigation of Local Scour Hole Dimensions around Circular Bridge Piers under Steady State Conditions

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 33 Sayı: 2, 11707 - 11727, 01.03.2022

Ömer Yavuz Eski , Aysegul Ozgenc Aksoy

https://doi.org/10.18400/tekderg.704352

Öz

The local scour around bridge piers is one of the main causes of bridge failures. In this study, scour hole dimensions around circular bridge piers were investigated under clear water scour conditions for various steady flow rates. The experiments were performed with four different bridge pier diameters and seven different flow rates by using uniform sediment with a median diameter of 1.63 mm and geometric standard deviation of 1.3. After each experiments the bathymetry of scour hole was determined. New empirical equations to estimate scour hole length, scour hole width and scour hole volume (V) are proposed by using experimental findings and experimental data available in the literature. The experimental results were also compared with those calculated using several empirical equations given by previous studies. Since there is a lack of data about scour hole dimensions, the experimental findings presented in this study are useful for the researchers investigating the local scour process, and have contributed to the few experimental data in the literature.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Clear water scour, scour hole geometry, bridge pier

Kaynakça

• Laursen, E M. "Scour at bridge crossings", Bulletin No. 8, Iowa Highway Research Board, Ames, IO,1958, https://cedb.asce.org/CEDBsearch/record.jsp?dockey=0294630.
• Breusers, H.N.C., Nicollet, G., Shen, H.W., "Local scour around cylindrical piers", Journal of Hydraulic Resources, 15(3): 211–252, 1977, https://doi.org/10.1080/00221687709499645.
• Chiew, Y.M., Melville, B.W. "Local scour around bridge piers", Journal of Hydraulic Research, 25(1): 15–26, 1987, https://doi.org/10.1080/00221688709499285.
• Yanmaz, M., Altinbilek, H.D. "Study of time dependent local scour around bridge piers", Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, 117(10): 1247–1268, 1991, https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9429(1991)117:10(1247).
• Kandasamy J.K., Melville B.W. "Maximum local scour depth at bridge piers and abutments", Journal of Hydraulic Research, 36(2): 183–198, 1998, https://doi.org/10.1080/00221689809498632.
• Kothyari, U.C., Garde, R.J., Range Raju, K.G. "Temporal variation of scour around circular bridge piers", Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, 118(8): 1091–1106, 1992 , https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9429(1992)118:8(1091).
• Melville, B.W. "Pier and abutment scour: Integrated approach", Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, 123(2): 125–136, 1997, https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9429(1997)123:2(125).
• Melville, B.W., Chiew, Y.M. "Time scale for local scour at bridge piers", Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, 125(1): 59–65, 1999, https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9429(1999)125:1(59).
• Richardson, E.V., Davis, S.R. "Evaluating scour at bridges", 5th ed. Hydraulic Engineering Circular No 18, Federal Highway Administration Publication No FHWA-NHI 01-001, Washington, DC,2001, https://www.fhwa.dot.gov/engineering/hydraulics/pubs/hif12003.pdf.
• Oliveto, G., Hager, W.H. "Temporal evolution of clear-water pier and abutment scour", Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, 128(9): 811–820, 2002, https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9429(2002)128:9(811).
• Mia, F., Nago, H. "Design method of time dependent local scour at circular bridge pier", Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, 129(6): 420–427, 2003, https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9429(2003)129:6(420).
• Chang, W.Y., Lai, J.S., Yen, C.L. "Evolution of scour depth at circular bridge piers", Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, 130(9): 905–913, 2004, https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9429(2004)130:9(905).
• Kothyari, U.C., Hager, W.H. Oliveto, G. "Generalized approach for clear-water scour at bridge foundation elements", Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, 133(11): 1229–1240, 2007, https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9429(2007)133:11(1229).
• Sheppard, D.M., Demir, H., Melville, B. "Scour at wide piers and long skewed piers", National Cooperative Highway Research Program Report 682, Transportation Research Board, Washington, DC, 2011, https://doi.org/10.17226/14426.
• Ozgenc Aksoy, A., Eski, O.Y. "Experimental investigation of local scour around circular bridge piers under steady state flow conditions", Journal of the South African Institution of Civil Engineering Vol 58 No 3, pp. 21–27, 2016, http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/2309-8775/2016/v58n3a3.
• Yılmaz, M., Yanmaz, A.M., Köken., M., "Experimental investigation of local scour around circular bridge piers under steady state flow conditions" IMO Teknik Dergi Vol 29 No 1, pp. 8167-8184, 2018, https://doi.org/10.18400/tekderg.345263.
• Bor Turkmen, A., Guney, M.Ş., "Experimental Investigation of Scour Hole Characteristics for Different Shapes of Piers Caused by Flood Hydrograph Succeeding Steady Flow” IMO Teknik Dergi Vol 32 No 2, 2021, https://doi.org/10.18400/tekderg.595126.
• Khwairakpam, P., Ray, S. S., Das, S., Das, R., Mazumdar, A. "Scour hole characteristics around a vertical pier under clearwater scour conditions", ARPN Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences, 7(6), 649-654, 2012, http://www.arpnjournals.com/jeas/research_papers/rp_2012/jeas_0612_704.pdf.
• Das, S., Das, R., Mazumdar, A. "Variations in clear water scour geometry at piers of different effective widths", Turkish Journal of Engineering & Environmental Sciences, (38), 97–111, 2014, http://doi:10.3906/muh-1308-11.
• D’alessandro, C. M. "Effect of blockage on circular bridge pier local scour", Master of Thesis, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Windsor University, Canada, 2013, http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.918.5963&rep=rep1&type=pdf.
• Hodi, B. S. "Effect of blockage and densimetric froude number on circular bridge pier local scour", Master of Thesis, Windsor University, Canada, 2009, https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/72779078.pdf.
• Khan, M., Tufail, M., Fahad, M., Azmathullah, H.M., Aslam, M.S., Khan, F.A., Khan A. "Experimental Analysis Of Bridge Pier Scour Pattern", Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Vol.36(1), 2017, https://journals.uetjournals.com/index.php/JEAS/article/view/2.
• Melville, B. W, and Sutherland, A. J. “Design Method for Local Scour at Bridge Piers.” Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, vol. 114, no. 10, pp. 1210–1226,1988https://ascelibrary.org/doi/abs/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9429(1988)114:10(1210)