Araştırma Makalesi
BibTex RIS Kaynak Göster

How did the multi-fiber agreement affect the level of specialization in the textile sector of the countries?

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 27 Sayı: 120, 283 - 291, 30.12.2020

Öz

This paper aims to reveal the effects of the Multi-Fibre Agreement (MFA), which determines the course of the textile trade and the global competition on countries' levels of specialization. In this perspective, we analyze the levels of specialization (competition) of the 10 countries whose exports were the highest in the sector before and after the complete abolition of quotas in a comparatively. In the analyses, we use the Index of Contribution to Trade Balance (ICBT), the Export-Import Ratio Index (EIRI) and the Michaely Index (MI) to measure the progress of countries' level of specialization in the sector by years. All of these indices indicate that the highest levels of specialization in the sector were Pakistan, India and Turkey before the end of the MFA. After 2005, when quotas were completely eliminated, China and Hong Kong increased their level of expertise in the sector and separated positively from other countries. In this context, China achieved a global competitive advantage in the sector, especially with high level of specialization.

Kaynakça

  • 1. Ahmad, N., & Kalim, R. (2014). Implications of export competitiveness, and performance of textile and clothing sector of Pakistan: Pre and post quota analysis. Pakistan Journal of Commerce and Social Sciences, 8(3), 696-714.
  • 2. Ananthakrishnan, P., & Jain-Chandra, S. (2005). The Impact on India of Trade Liberalization in the Textiles and Clothing Sector. International Monetary Fund.
  • 3. Austria, M. S. (1996). The Effects of the MFA Phase Out on the Philippine Garments and Textiles Industries. Makati City: Philippine Institute for Development Studies.
  • 4. Balassa, B. (1977). Revealed Comparative Advantage Revisited: An Analysis of Relative Export Shares of the Industrial Countries 1953-1971. The Manchester School, 327-344.
  • 5. Brambilla, I., Khandelwal, A. K., & Schott, P. K. (2010). China's Experience under the Multi-Fiber Arrangement (MFA) and the. R. C. Feenstra, & S.-J. Wei içinde, China's Growing Role in World Trade (s. 345-387). University of Chicago Press.
  • All references are presented within the file of paper!

Çok elyaflılar anlaşması ülkelerin tekstil sektöründeki uzmanlaşma düzeyini nasıl etkilemiştir?

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 27 Sayı: 120, 283 - 291, 30.12.2020

Öz

Bu çalışma, tekstil ticaretinin ve küresel rekabetin seyrini belirleyen Çok Elyaflılar Anlaşması’nın (MFA) ülkelerin uzmanlaşma düzeylerine etkilerini ortaya koymayı amaçlamaktadır. Bu perspektifte, kotaların tamamen kaldırılması öncesinde ve sonrasında sektörde ihracatı en yüksek olan 10 ülkenin uzmanlaşma (rekabet) düzeyleri karşılaştırmalı bir şekilde analiz edilmiştir. Analizlerde ülkelerin sektördeki uzmanlaşma düzeylerinin yıllara göre seyrinin ölçülebilmesi amacıyla Ticaret Dengesine Katkı Endeksi (ICBT), İhracat-İthalat Oranı Endeksi (EIRI) ve Michaely Endeksi (MI) kullanılmıştır. Söz konusu endekslerin tamamı MFA’nın tamamen sona ermesinden önce sektörde uzmanlaşma düzeyi en yüksek ülkelerin Pakistan, Hindistan ve Türkiye olduğunu göstermektedir. Kotaların tamamen ortadan kaldırıldığı 2005 yılı sonrasında ise Çin ve Hong Kong sektördeki uzmanlaşma düzeylerini arttırarak diğer ülkelerden pozitif anlamda ayrışmıştır. Bu bağlamda, özellikle Çin yüksek düzeyde uzmanlaşmayla birlikte sektörde küresel rekabet avantajı sağlamıştır.

Kaynakça

  • 1. Ahmad, N., & Kalim, R. (2014). Implications of export competitiveness, and performance of textile and clothing sector of Pakistan: Pre and post quota analysis. Pakistan Journal of Commerce and Social Sciences, 8(3), 696-714.
  • 2. Ananthakrishnan, P., & Jain-Chandra, S. (2005). The Impact on India of Trade Liberalization in the Textiles and Clothing Sector. International Monetary Fund.
  • 3. Austria, M. S. (1996). The Effects of the MFA Phase Out on the Philippine Garments and Textiles Industries. Makati City: Philippine Institute for Development Studies.
  • 4. Balassa, B. (1977). Revealed Comparative Advantage Revisited: An Analysis of Relative Export Shares of the Industrial Countries 1953-1971. The Manchester School, 327-344.
  • 5. Brambilla, I., Khandelwal, A. K., & Schott, P. K. (2010). China's Experience under the Multi-Fiber Arrangement (MFA) and the. R. C. Feenstra, & S.-J. Wei içinde, China's Growing Role in World Trade (s. 345-387). University of Chicago Press.
  • All references are presented within the file of paper!
Toplam 6 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Mühendislik
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Birol Erkan Bu kişi benim 0000-0001-8363-5543

Elif Tuğçe Bozduman Bu kişi benim 0000-0002-6145-8571

Yayımlanma Tarihi 30 Aralık 2020
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2020 Cilt: 27 Sayı: 120

Kaynak Göster

APA Erkan, B., & Bozduman, E. T. (2020). How did the multi-fiber agreement affect the level of specialization in the textile sector of the countries?. Tekstil Ve Mühendis, 27(120), 283-291.
AMA Erkan B, Bozduman ET. How did the multi-fiber agreement affect the level of specialization in the textile sector of the countries?. Tekstil ve Mühendis. Aralık 2020;27(120):283-291.
Chicago Erkan, Birol, ve Elif Tuğçe Bozduman. “How Did the Multi-Fiber Agreement Affect the Level of Specialization in the Textile Sector of the Countries?”. Tekstil Ve Mühendis 27, sy. 120 (Aralık 2020): 283-91.
EndNote Erkan B, Bozduman ET (01 Aralık 2020) How did the multi-fiber agreement affect the level of specialization in the textile sector of the countries?. Tekstil ve Mühendis 27 120 283–291.
IEEE B. Erkan ve E. T. Bozduman, “How did the multi-fiber agreement affect the level of specialization in the textile sector of the countries?”, Tekstil ve Mühendis, c. 27, sy. 120, ss. 283–291, 2020.
ISNAD Erkan, Birol - Bozduman, Elif Tuğçe. “How Did the Multi-Fiber Agreement Affect the Level of Specialization in the Textile Sector of the Countries?”. Tekstil ve Mühendis 27/120 (Aralık 2020), 283-291.
JAMA Erkan B, Bozduman ET. How did the multi-fiber agreement affect the level of specialization in the textile sector of the countries?. Tekstil ve Mühendis. 2020;27:283–291.
MLA Erkan, Birol ve Elif Tuğçe Bozduman. “How Did the Multi-Fiber Agreement Affect the Level of Specialization in the Textile Sector of the Countries?”. Tekstil Ve Mühendis, c. 27, sy. 120, 2020, ss. 283-91.
Vancouver Erkan B, Bozduman ET. How did the multi-fiber agreement affect the level of specialization in the textile sector of the countries?. Tekstil ve Mühendis. 2020;27(120):283-91.