Realizm, Liberalizm ve İsrail-Filistin Çatışması

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 4 Sayı: 6, 216 - 228, 31.08.2025

Nina Elghali

Öz

İsrail-Filistin çatışması, on yıllardır uluslararası ilişkiler alanındaki birçok teori ve yaklaşımı zorlayan karmaşık bir jeopolitik mücadele olarak görülmektedir. Uluslararası İlişkiler alanındaki iki baskın okul, liberalizm ve realizm, çatışmayı analiz etmek için farklı çerçeveler sunmaktadır. Realizm, uluslararası sistemin anarşi doğasını vurgular ve güvenlik, güç ve devletin ulusal çıkarlarının, Filistin ile İsrail arasındaki gerilimleri açıklamada öncelikli olduğunu savunur. Güç dengesi ve güvenlik ikilemi ilkelerinin, şiddet döngüsünü azaltacağı ve barışın sağlanabileceği inancını taşır. Buna karşılık, liberalizm iş birliğine odaklanır; uluslararası örgütlerin, ekonomik karşılıklı bağımlılığın ve demokrasinin çatışma çözümünde oynadığı rolleri vurgular. Realistler güç mücadelesini ön plana çıkarırken, liberalizm diplomatik ilişkiler ve kurumsal çerçevelere odaklanır. Bu makale, her iki teorinin de İsrail ve Filistin arasındaki çatışmayı anlamaya nasıl katkı sağladığını incelemekte, modern tarihin en uzun ve karmaşık çatışmalarından birini ele alırken güçlü ve zayıf yönlerini açıklamaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

security , power , Realism , Liberalism , Israeli-Palestinian Conflict , Balance of Power , Institutions

Realism, Liberalism and The Israeli- Palestinian Conflict

Öz

The Israeli-Palestinian conflict is seen as one of the complex geopolitical struggle that challenged many theories and approaches in international relations for decades. The two dominant schools in the field of International Relations, liberalism and Realism offer different frameworks that analyze the conflict. Realism highlights the nature of international system as anarchy, believing that security, power and national interests of the state shall be prioritized to explain the tensions between Palestine and Israel. The principles of balance of power and security dilemma will reduce the violent cycle and peace can be achieved. In contrary, liberalism shifts its focus to cooperation emphasizing the roles of international organizations and economic interdependence and democracy as a way for conflict resolution. While Realists emphasize on power struggle, Liberalism focuses on diplomatic relations and institutional frameworks. This article explores how both theories contribute to understanding the conflict between Israel and Palestine, explaining and illustrating their strengths and weaknesses in addressing one of the longgest and complex conflicts in modern history.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Security , Balance of Power , Israeli-Palestinian Conflict , Liberalism , Realism

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