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Navigating the Tension of Socialization and Individualization: On Rorty’s Concept of Education

Yıl 2024, Sayı: 21, 109 - 128, 03.06.2024
https://doi.org/10.55256/temasa.1422767

Öz

Known as a radical postmodernist, Rorty is eager to set aside the absolute principles of modern philosophy. This is also the case when it comes to individuals and their education. The idea of education is therefore closely linked to his objections to truth claims. The educational suggestion for individuals who are aware of the contingency of their selves is to create useful language games. This type of training, called edification, consists of two steps. While the stage up to university is to meet cultures that are the common product of knowledge accumulation and vocabulary, the university stage is to create a new opportunity with metaphors in the common culture of humanity. This view is also compatible with Rorty’s assumption of the liberal ironist, who is the ideal individual type in Postmodern Bourgeois Liberalism. From this perspective, this study aimed to determine where Rorty is positioned in terms of his philosophical views and especially his thoughts on education. Then, the philosophy of education, which spans two fields as socialization and individualization, was opened to discussion without ignoring its political views. It is known that this Rorty’s views has received serious criticism. For this reason, the relevant criticisms were also wanted to be discussed in the study. Finally, the hopeful aspects of this idea, which is important in terms of understanding the age, are mentioned.

Kaynakça

  • Abellanosa, Rhoderic John. “Rorty’s Philosophy of Education: Between Orthodoxy and Vulgar Relativism,” Kritike 4(2), (2010): 87-104.
  • Bauman, Zygmunt. Modernlik ve Müphemlik. Çeviren: İ. Türkmen, İstanbul: Ayrıntı Yayınları, 2003.
  • Biesta, Gert. “Postmodernism and the Repoliticization of Education,” Interchange 26(2), (1995): 161-183.
  • Bilhan, Saffet. Eğitim Felsefesi. Ankara: Ankara Üniversitesi Eğitim Bilimleri Fakültesi Yayınları, 1991.
  • Billington, Ray. Felsefeyi Yaşamak. Çeviren: A. Yılmaz, İstanbul: Ayrıntı Yayınları, 1997.
  • Cahn, Steven M. Classic and Contemporary Reading in Philosophy of Education. New York: McGraw-Hill Companies, 1997.
  • Dewey, John. “Democracy and Education” in Classic and Contemporary Reading in Philosophy of Education, Editör: S. Cahn, 228-264. New York: McGraw-Hill Companies, 1997.
  • Dewey, John. Özgürlük ve Kültür. Çeviren: V. Günyol, İstanbul: Remzi Kitabevi, 1993.
  • Gadamer, Hans Georg. Truth and Method. London: Continuum Publishing Group, 2004.
  • Haack, Susan. Pragmatism, Old&New: Selected Writings. Amherst: Prometheus Books, 2006.
  • Hall, David L. Richard Rorty: Prophet and Poet of The New Pragmatism. Albany: State University of New York Press, 1994.
  • Kocabaş, Ayfer. “Türk Eğitim Sisteminin Felsefi Temelleri, Dewey, Mustafa Necati ve İsmail Hakkı Tonguç,” Toplum ve Demokrasi 2 (3), (2008): 203-212.
  • Kumar, Krishan. Sanayi Sonrası Toplumdan Postmodern Topluma- Çağdaş Dünyanın Yeni Kuramları. Çeviren: M. Küçük, Ankara: Dost Kitabevi, 2013.
  • Neiman, Alven M. “Rorty, Irony, Education,” Studies in Philosophy and Education 12(2-4), (1993): 205-209.
  • Noaparast, Hüsrev Baghari. “Richard Rorty’s Conception of Philosophy of Education Revisited,” Educational Theory 64(1), (2014): 75-98.
  • Olson, Gary A. “Social Construction and Compositional Theory: A Conversation with Richard Rorty,” Journal of Advanced Composition 9, (1989): 1-9.
  • Peters, Michael. “Wittgenstein and Post-analytic Philosophy of Education: Rorty or Lyotard?,” Educational Philosophy and Theory 29(2), (1997): 1-32.
  • Quicke, John. “Individualism and Citizenship: Some Problems and Possibilities,” International Studies in Sociology of Education 2(2), (1992): 147-163.
  • Quito, Emerita. The Philosophers of Hermeneutics. Manila: De La Salle University Press, 1990.
  • Reich, Rob. “The Paradoxes of Education in Rorty’s Liberal Utopia” in Philosophy of Education Archive, Editör: F. Margonis, 342-351. 1996.
  • Rorty, Richard. “Demokrasi ve Felsefe,” Çeviren: Ş. Öztürk, Cogito 54, (2008): 260-270.
  • Rorty, Richard. “Education as Socialization and as Individuation” in Philosophy and Social Hope, 114-126. New York: Penguin Books, 1999.
  • Rorty, Richard. “Education Without Dogmas: Truth, Freedom and Our Universities” in Dissent, 198-204. Spring, 1989a.
  • Rorty, Richard. “Hermeneutics, General Studies, and Teaching” in Classic and Contemporary Reading in Philosophy of Education, Editör: S. Cahn, 522-536. New York: McGraw-Hill Companies, 1997.
  • Rorty, Richard. “Philosophy and the Future” in Rorty and Pragmatism: The Philosopher Replies to His Critics, Editör: H. J. Saatkamp, 197-205. Nashville: Vanderbilt University Press, 1995a.
  • Rorty, Richard. “Philosophy as a Kind of Writing: An Essay on Derrida” in Consequences of Pragmatism, 89-109. Brighton, UK: Harvester Press, 1982.
  • Rorty, Richard. “Postmodern Burjuva Liberalizmi” Postmodernist Burjuva Liberalizm içinde, Çeviren: Y. Alogan, 71-81. Ankara: Doruk Yayınları, 2002.
  • Rorty, Richard. “Pragmatism, Davidson and Truth” in Truth and Interpretation- Perspectives on the Philosophy of Donald Davidson, Editör: LePore, 333-355. NewYork: Basil Blackwell, 1989c.
  • Rorty, Richard. “Putnam and the Relativist Menace,” Journal of Philosophy 90(9), (1993): 443-461.
  • Rorty, Richard. “The Dangers of Over-Philosophication- Reply to Arcilla and Nicholson,” Educational Theory 40(1), (1990): 41-44.
  • Rorty, Richard. “The Priority of Democracy to Philosophy” in Objectivity, Relativism and Truth, 175-196. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1991b.
  • Rorty, Richard. “Trotsky ve Vahşi Orkideler,” Çeviren: F. Onur, ETHOS 9(2), (2016): 101-112.
  • Rorty, Richard. Contingency, Irony and Solidarity. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1989b.
  • Rorty, Richard. Felsefe ve Doğanın Aynası. Çeviren: F. G. Kaya, İstanbul: Paradigma Yayınları, 2006.
  • Rorty, Richard. Objectivity, Relativism and Truth. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1991a.
  • Rorty, Richard. Olumsallık, İroni ve Dayanışma. Çevirenler: M. Küçük ve A. Türker, İstanbul: Ayrıntı Yayınları, 1995b.
  • Rorty, Richard. Philosophy and the Mirror of Nature. New Jersey: Princeton University Press, 1979.
  • Rorty, Richard. Philosophy as Cultural Politics. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2007.
  • Rorty, Richard. The Linguistic Turn: Essays in Philosophical Method. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 1992.
  • Selim, Ferdi. Radikal Bir Postmodernist Richard Rorty. Ankara: Sonçağ Yayıncılık, 2023.
  • Sip, Radim. “Dewey’s and Rorty’s Thoughts on Education” Pragmatism Today Central Europe: Central-European Pragmatist Forum 1(1), (2010): 1-17.
  • Soysal, Deniz. “İnsan Bilimlerinde Bildung Kavramının Yeri,” Flsf Dergisi 1, (2006): 117-122.
  • Standish, P. “Preface” in Educating Humanity: Bildung in Postmodernity, Editörler: L. Lovlie, K. P. Mortensen ve S. E. Nordenbo, vii-ix. Cornwall: Blackwell, 2003.
  • Taylor, Charles “Rorty and Philosophy” in Richard Rorty, Editörler: C. Guignon ve J. Hiley, 158-180. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2003.
  • Türer, Celal. “John Dewey” Doğu’dan Batı’ya Düşüncenin Serüveni (4. Cilt) içinde, Editör: Ş. Öcal, 125-154. İstanbul: İnsan Yayınları, 2015.
  • Wittgenstein, Ludwig. Felsefi Soruşturmalar. Çeviren: D. Kanıt, İstanbul: Küyerel Yayınları, 1998.

Sosyalleşme ve Bireyselleşme Geriliminde Dolaşmak: Rorty’nin Eğitim Anlayışı Üzerine

Yıl 2024, Sayı: 21, 109 - 128, 03.06.2024
https://doi.org/10.55256/temasa.1422767

Öz

Radikal bir postmodernist olarak tanınan Rorty, modern felsefenin mutlak ilkelerini bir kenara bırakma konusunda oldukça isteklidir. Bireyler ve onların eğitimleri söz konusu olduğunda da bu böyledir. Bu nedenle eğitim fikri hakikat iddialarına yönelik itirazlarıyla yakından bağlantılıdır. Benliklerinin olumsallığının farkında olan bireyler için eğitim önerisi kullanışlı dil oyunları yaratmaktır. Kendini geliştirmek olarak adlandırılan bu tür eğitim iki basamaktan oluşmaktadır. Üniversiteye kadar olan aşaması bilgi yığma ve sözcük dağarlarının ortak ürünü olan kültürlerle tanışmakken üniversite basamağı insanlığın ortak kültüründe metaforlarla yeni olanaklar yaratmaktır. Bu görüş, Rorty’nin Postmodern Burjuva Liberalizmi’nde ideal birey tipi olan liberal ironist varsayımıyla da uyumludur. Bu perspektiften bu çalışmada Rorty’nin felsefi görüş ve özellikle eğitimle ilgili düşünceleriyle nerede konumlandığı tespit edilmek istenmiştir. Ardından sosyalleşme ve bireyselleşme olarak iki sahaya yayılan eğitim felsefesi politik görüşleri de göz ardı edilmeden tartışmaya açılmıştır. Bu yanıyla Rorty’nin görüşlerinin ciddi eleştiriler aldığı bilinmektedir. Bu nedenle ilgili eleştiriler de çalışma içerisinde tartışılmak istenmiştir. Nihayet çağı anlamak bakımından önemli olan bu düşüncenin umut veren yönlerinden söz edilmiştir.

Kaynakça

  • Abellanosa, Rhoderic John. “Rorty’s Philosophy of Education: Between Orthodoxy and Vulgar Relativism,” Kritike 4(2), (2010): 87-104.
  • Bauman, Zygmunt. Modernlik ve Müphemlik. Çeviren: İ. Türkmen, İstanbul: Ayrıntı Yayınları, 2003.
  • Biesta, Gert. “Postmodernism and the Repoliticization of Education,” Interchange 26(2), (1995): 161-183.
  • Bilhan, Saffet. Eğitim Felsefesi. Ankara: Ankara Üniversitesi Eğitim Bilimleri Fakültesi Yayınları, 1991.
  • Billington, Ray. Felsefeyi Yaşamak. Çeviren: A. Yılmaz, İstanbul: Ayrıntı Yayınları, 1997.
  • Cahn, Steven M. Classic and Contemporary Reading in Philosophy of Education. New York: McGraw-Hill Companies, 1997.
  • Dewey, John. “Democracy and Education” in Classic and Contemporary Reading in Philosophy of Education, Editör: S. Cahn, 228-264. New York: McGraw-Hill Companies, 1997.
  • Dewey, John. Özgürlük ve Kültür. Çeviren: V. Günyol, İstanbul: Remzi Kitabevi, 1993.
  • Gadamer, Hans Georg. Truth and Method. London: Continuum Publishing Group, 2004.
  • Haack, Susan. Pragmatism, Old&New: Selected Writings. Amherst: Prometheus Books, 2006.
  • Hall, David L. Richard Rorty: Prophet and Poet of The New Pragmatism. Albany: State University of New York Press, 1994.
  • Kocabaş, Ayfer. “Türk Eğitim Sisteminin Felsefi Temelleri, Dewey, Mustafa Necati ve İsmail Hakkı Tonguç,” Toplum ve Demokrasi 2 (3), (2008): 203-212.
  • Kumar, Krishan. Sanayi Sonrası Toplumdan Postmodern Topluma- Çağdaş Dünyanın Yeni Kuramları. Çeviren: M. Küçük, Ankara: Dost Kitabevi, 2013.
  • Neiman, Alven M. “Rorty, Irony, Education,” Studies in Philosophy and Education 12(2-4), (1993): 205-209.
  • Noaparast, Hüsrev Baghari. “Richard Rorty’s Conception of Philosophy of Education Revisited,” Educational Theory 64(1), (2014): 75-98.
  • Olson, Gary A. “Social Construction and Compositional Theory: A Conversation with Richard Rorty,” Journal of Advanced Composition 9, (1989): 1-9.
  • Peters, Michael. “Wittgenstein and Post-analytic Philosophy of Education: Rorty or Lyotard?,” Educational Philosophy and Theory 29(2), (1997): 1-32.
  • Quicke, John. “Individualism and Citizenship: Some Problems and Possibilities,” International Studies in Sociology of Education 2(2), (1992): 147-163.
  • Quito, Emerita. The Philosophers of Hermeneutics. Manila: De La Salle University Press, 1990.
  • Reich, Rob. “The Paradoxes of Education in Rorty’s Liberal Utopia” in Philosophy of Education Archive, Editör: F. Margonis, 342-351. 1996.
  • Rorty, Richard. “Demokrasi ve Felsefe,” Çeviren: Ş. Öztürk, Cogito 54, (2008): 260-270.
  • Rorty, Richard. “Education as Socialization and as Individuation” in Philosophy and Social Hope, 114-126. New York: Penguin Books, 1999.
  • Rorty, Richard. “Education Without Dogmas: Truth, Freedom and Our Universities” in Dissent, 198-204. Spring, 1989a.
  • Rorty, Richard. “Hermeneutics, General Studies, and Teaching” in Classic and Contemporary Reading in Philosophy of Education, Editör: S. Cahn, 522-536. New York: McGraw-Hill Companies, 1997.
  • Rorty, Richard. “Philosophy and the Future” in Rorty and Pragmatism: The Philosopher Replies to His Critics, Editör: H. J. Saatkamp, 197-205. Nashville: Vanderbilt University Press, 1995a.
  • Rorty, Richard. “Philosophy as a Kind of Writing: An Essay on Derrida” in Consequences of Pragmatism, 89-109. Brighton, UK: Harvester Press, 1982.
  • Rorty, Richard. “Postmodern Burjuva Liberalizmi” Postmodernist Burjuva Liberalizm içinde, Çeviren: Y. Alogan, 71-81. Ankara: Doruk Yayınları, 2002.
  • Rorty, Richard. “Pragmatism, Davidson and Truth” in Truth and Interpretation- Perspectives on the Philosophy of Donald Davidson, Editör: LePore, 333-355. NewYork: Basil Blackwell, 1989c.
  • Rorty, Richard. “Putnam and the Relativist Menace,” Journal of Philosophy 90(9), (1993): 443-461.
  • Rorty, Richard. “The Dangers of Over-Philosophication- Reply to Arcilla and Nicholson,” Educational Theory 40(1), (1990): 41-44.
  • Rorty, Richard. “The Priority of Democracy to Philosophy” in Objectivity, Relativism and Truth, 175-196. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1991b.
  • Rorty, Richard. “Trotsky ve Vahşi Orkideler,” Çeviren: F. Onur, ETHOS 9(2), (2016): 101-112.
  • Rorty, Richard. Contingency, Irony and Solidarity. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1989b.
  • Rorty, Richard. Felsefe ve Doğanın Aynası. Çeviren: F. G. Kaya, İstanbul: Paradigma Yayınları, 2006.
  • Rorty, Richard. Objectivity, Relativism and Truth. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1991a.
  • Rorty, Richard. Olumsallık, İroni ve Dayanışma. Çevirenler: M. Küçük ve A. Türker, İstanbul: Ayrıntı Yayınları, 1995b.
  • Rorty, Richard. Philosophy and the Mirror of Nature. New Jersey: Princeton University Press, 1979.
  • Rorty, Richard. Philosophy as Cultural Politics. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2007.
  • Rorty, Richard. The Linguistic Turn: Essays in Philosophical Method. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 1992.
  • Selim, Ferdi. Radikal Bir Postmodernist Richard Rorty. Ankara: Sonçağ Yayıncılık, 2023.
  • Sip, Radim. “Dewey’s and Rorty’s Thoughts on Education” Pragmatism Today Central Europe: Central-European Pragmatist Forum 1(1), (2010): 1-17.
  • Soysal, Deniz. “İnsan Bilimlerinde Bildung Kavramının Yeri,” Flsf Dergisi 1, (2006): 117-122.
  • Standish, P. “Preface” in Educating Humanity: Bildung in Postmodernity, Editörler: L. Lovlie, K. P. Mortensen ve S. E. Nordenbo, vii-ix. Cornwall: Blackwell, 2003.
  • Taylor, Charles “Rorty and Philosophy” in Richard Rorty, Editörler: C. Guignon ve J. Hiley, 158-180. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2003.
  • Türer, Celal. “John Dewey” Doğu’dan Batı’ya Düşüncenin Serüveni (4. Cilt) içinde, Editör: Ş. Öcal, 125-154. İstanbul: İnsan Yayınları, 2015.
  • Wittgenstein, Ludwig. Felsefi Soruşturmalar. Çeviren: D. Kanıt, İstanbul: Küyerel Yayınları, 1998.
Toplam 46 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Eğitim Felsefesi
Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar

Ferdi Selim 0000-0003-2576-4499

Yayımlanma Tarihi 3 Haziran 2024
Gönderilme Tarihi 19 Ocak 2024
Kabul Tarihi 5 Mart 2024
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2024 Sayı: 21

Kaynak Göster

Chicago Selim, Ferdi. “Sosyalleşme Ve Bireyselleşme Geriliminde Dolaşmak: Rorty’nin Eğitim Anlayışı Üzerine”. Temaşa Erciyes Üniversitesi Felsefe Bölümü Dergisi, sy. 21 (Haziran 2024): 109-28. https://doi.org/10.55256/temasa.1422767.