ONARICI ADALET SİSTEMİ ve DOMİNİC ONGWEN DAVASI ÜZERİNE BİR İNCELEME

Öz

Onarıcı adalet teorisinin amacı çatışmanın taraflarının katılımı ile suçun sonucunda meydana gelen hasarın onarılmasıdır. Bu süreçte devlet organları eliyle adaletin sağlanmasından ziyade suçun asıl mağdurunun ve failin katılımı öngörülmektedir. Böylelikle başta suçun mağduru olmak üzere fail ve toplumun da ihtiyacı olan onarıcı bir yaklaşım ortaya konulmuş ve taraflara sorumluluk bilinci yüklenerek topluma yeniden katılmaları sağlanmaya çalışılmaktadır. Bu hukuk yaklaşımının temelinde mağdur yer almaktadır ki mağdurun uğramış olduğu zararın giderilmesi anlayışından hareketle ortaya çıkmıştır. Hemen belirtmek gerekir, onarıcı adalet yaklaşımı aynı zamanda failin ifa ettiği zararlı eyleminin farkına varmasını, eyleminin sonuçlarını görmesini böylelikle ileride suç teşkil eden zararlı fiilleri yeniden işlememesini de hedeflemektedir. Onarıcı adalet yaklaşımı ile suçlu ve mağdur bir araya getirilerek suçun sonuçlarından biri olan toplumsal bozulmayı, ahlaki çöküntüyü, toplum içinde yaşamanın gerektirdiği geleneksel kurallarda ve ilişkilerde meydana gelen bozulmayı da önlemek amaçlanmaktadır. Dolayısıyla çalışmada hukuk sistemlerin de yeni bir paradigma olan onarıcı adalet sisteminin aslında ne olduğu ve bu bağlamda özellikle savaşan çocukların çatışma esnasında işlemiş oldukları suçlar için uygulanabilirliği tartışılacaktır. Çalışmada izlenen yöntem birincil kaynaklar olan yargılamanın tutanakları ve uluslararası hukukun kaynaklarından olan anlaşmaların incelenmesidir. Bu çerçevede çalışmada öncelikle onarıcı adalet perspektifinin ne olduğunun tartışıldığı ve ceza-adalet sisteminden onarıcı adalete geçişin sebep olduğu şartlar ilk başlıkta anlatılacaktır. Devam eden başlıkta Ongwen’in yargı süreci, diğer başlıkta ise onarıcı adalet perspektifinin Ongwen Davası açısından uygulanabilirliği tartışılacaktır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Onarıcı Adalet
• Dominic Ongwen
• Çocuk Savaşçı
• Cezalandırıcı Adalet
• Uluslararası Ceza Mahkemesi
• Lordun Direniş Ordusu

AN EXAMINATION ON THE RESTORATIVE JUSTICE SYSTEM and THE CASE OF DOMINIC ONGWEN

Öz

The aim of restorative justice theory is to repair the damage caused by the crime with the participation of the parties to the conflict. In this process, the participation of the main victim and the perpetrator of the crime is envisaged rather than the provision of justice by the state organs. Thus, a restorative approach, which is needed by the perpetrator and the society and especially the victim of the crime, has been put forward and it is tried to ensure that they re-join the society by imposing a sense of responsibility on the parties. The priority of this legal approach is the victim, which has emerged from the understanding of eliminating the damage suffered by the victim. It should be noted right away that the restorative justice approach also aims to make the perpetrator aware of his harmful action, and make him see the consequences of his action, so that he does not commit harmful acts that constitute a crime in the future. With the restorative justice approach, it is aimed to prevent social deterioration, moral collapse, and the deterioration in the traditional rules and relations required by living in society, which is one of the consequences of crime, by bringing the criminal and the victim together. Therefore, in this study, what the restorative justice system, which is a new paradigm in legal systems, actually is and in this context, its applicability for crimes committed by warring children during conflict will be discussed. The method followed in the study is the examination of the proceedings, which are the primary sources, and the agreements, which are the sources of international law. In this context, firstly, what the restorative justice perspective and the conditions caused by the transition from the criminal-justice system to restorative justice will be discussed in the first title of the study. In the following section, Ongwen's judicial process and in the other section, the applicability of the restorative justice perspective for the Ongwen Case will be discussed.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Restorative Justice
• Dominic Ongwen
• Child Warrior
• Punitive Justice
• International Criminal Court
• Lord

Kaynakça

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