YENİLİĞİ TEŞVİK ETMEDE KAPSAYICI LİDERLİĞİN ROLÜ: ARAŞTIRMA LİTERATÜRÜ ODAKLI BİR İNCELEME

Öz

İnovasyon performansı, günümüzün yoğun rekabet ortamında organizasyonel başarının temel unsurudur. Ancak inovasyon süreçlerindeki düşük başarı oranları birçok örgütsel sonucu olumsuz etkileyerek kaynakların etkin kullanımını ve müşteri memnuniyetini azaltabilmektedir. İnovasyon; destekleyici, çeşitliliği, farklı bilgi kanalları aracılığıyla yenilikçi çözüm ve öneriler sunan çalışanları destekleyen bir organizasyon iklimini ve bu iklimin oluşmasını sağlayan bir liderlik uygulamasını gerektirir. Bu bağlamda takipçiler arasında güven, saygı ve aidiyet duygusu yaratan kapsayıcı liderlik, inovasyon performansının arttırılmasına önemli ölçüde katkı sağlayabilir. Bu çalışma, ampirik sonuçlar sağlayan çalışmalar kapsamında inovasyon ve kapsayıcı liderlik arasındaki ilişkiyi incelemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda Web of Science veri tabanında inovasyon ve kapsayıcı liderlik anahtar kelimelerini içeren çalışmalar belirlenmiştir. Çalışmalar yazar, yayın tarihi, araştırma türü, örneklem büyüklüğü ve değişkenler gibi çeşitli faktörlere göre kategorize edilmiştir. İnovasyon ve kapsayıcı liderlik üzerine yapılan ampirik çalışmaların sonuçları paylaşılmıştır. Çalışmanın işletmelerde inovasyon performansının arttırılmasında kapsayıcı liderlik uygulamalarına ilişkin farkındalığı arttıracağı beklenmektedir. Ayrıca inovasyon ve kapsayıcı liderlik arasındaki ilişkiye dair ampirik çalışmaları sunarak literatürü genişletmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Kapsayıcı Liderlik
• Yaratıcılık
• Yenilik
• Yenilikçi İş Davranışı
• Performans

THE ROLE OF INCLUSIVE LEADERSHIP IN FOSTERING INNOVATION: A FOCUSED REVIEW OF THE RESEARCH LITERATURE

Öz

Innovation performance is a crucial element for organizational success in today's intensely competitive business environment. However, low success rates in innovation processes can negatively affect many organizational outcomes, reducing the effective use of resources and customer satisfaction. Innovation requires both an organizational climate that supports employees who are supportive, diverse and offer innovative solutions and suggestions through different information channels, and also a leadership practice that ensures the formation of this climate. In this context, inclusive leadership, which creates a sense of trust, respect, and belonging among followers, can significantly contribute to increasing innovation performance. This study aims to examine the relationship between innovation and inclusive leadership within studies that provide empirical results. To achieve this, studies containing the keywords innovation and inclusive leadership were identified in the Web of Science database. The studies were categorized based on several factors, including the author, publication date, type of research, sample size, and variables. The results of empirical studies on innovation and inclusive leadership are shared. This study is expected to increase awareness of inclusive leadership practices in increasing innovation performance in businesses. Additionally, it expands the literature by presenting empirical studies on the relationship between innovation and inclusive leadership.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Inclusive Leadership
• Creativity
• Innovation
• Innovative Work Behaviour
• Performance

Kaynakça

1. Ackaradejruangsri, P., A. Mumi, S. Rattanapituk and P. Pakhunwanich (2022). “Exploring The Determinants of Young Inclusive Leadership in Thailand: Research Taxonomy and Theoretical Framework”. Journal of the Knowledge Economy, 1-28.
2. Arthur Little Report (2023). From Good To Great: Enhancıng Innovatıon Performance Through Effectıve Management Processes , https://www.adlittle.com/sites/default/files/reports/ADL_9th_Innovex_report.pdf (01.09.2023).
3. Aslan, H., İ. S. Mert and C. Şen (2021). “The Effect of Inclusive Leadership on the Work Engagement: An Empirical Study From Turkey”. The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business, 8 (11), 169-178.
4. Bhutto, T. A., R. Farooq, S. Talwar, U. Awan and A. Dhir (2021). “Green Inclusive Leadership and Green Creativity in the Tourism and Hospitality Sector: Serial Mediation of Green Psychological Climate And Work Engagement”. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 29 (10), 1716-1737.
5. Birchall, D. and G. Tovstiga (2005). Capabilities for Strategic Advantage: Leading Through Technological Innovation. Norwich: Palgrave.
6. Blau, P. (1964). Exchange and Power in Social Life. New York: Wiley.
7. Blau, P. M. (1968). “Social Exchange”. International Encyclopedia of the Social Sciences, 7 (4), 452-457.
8. Bourke, J. and A. Titus (2020). The Key to Inclusive Leadership, Harvard Business Review, https://hbr.org/2020/03/the-key-to-inclusive-leadership (01.09.2023)

9. Carmeli, A., R. Reiter-Palmon and E. Ziv (2010). “Inclusive Leadership and Employee Involvement in Creative Tasks in the Workplace: The Mediating Role of Psychological Safety”. Creativity Research Journal, 22 (3), 250-260.
10. Castellion, G. and S. K. Markham (2013). “Perspective: New Product Failure Rates: Influence of a Rgumentum Ad P Opulum and Self-Interest”. Journal of Product Innovation Management, 30 (5), 976-979.
11. Choi, S. B., T. B. H. Tran and B. I. Park (2015). “Inclusive Leadership and Work Engagement: Mediating Roles of Affective Organizational Commitment and Creativity”. Soc. Behav. Personal. 43, 931-943.
12. Choi, S. B., T. B. H. Tran and S. W. Kang (2017). “Inclusive Leadership and Employee Well-Being: The Mediating Role of Person-Job Fit”. Journal of Happiness Studies, 18, 1877-1901.
13. Clegg, C., K. Unsworth, O. Epitropaki and G. Parker (2002). “Implicating Trust In The Innovation Process”. J. Occup. Org. Psychol. 75, 409-422.
14. Duc, L. A. and N. D. Tho (2023). “Inclusive Leadership and Team Innovation in Retail Services”. The Service Industries Journal, 1-21.
15. Emerson, R. (1976). “Social Exchange Theory”. Annual Review of Sociology, 2, 335-362.
16. Fang, Y. C., J. Y. Chen, M. J. Wang and C. Y. Chen (2019). “The Impact of Inclusive Leadership on Employees' Innovative Behaviors: The Mediation of Psychological Capital”. Frontiers in Psychology, 10, 1-11.
17. Fang, Y., X. Dai and X. Zhang (2021). “An Empirical Study of the Relationship Between Inclusive Leadership and Business Model Innovation”. Leadership and Organization Development Journal, 42 (3), 480-494.
18. Fu, Q., J. Cherian, N. Ahmad, M. Scholz, S. Samad and U. Comite (2022). “An Inclusive Leadership Framework To Foster Employee Creativity in the Healthcare Sector: The Role of Psychological Safety and Polychronicity”. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19 (8), 1-13.
19. Furstenthal, L., H. Martin and E. Roth (2021). Innovation: Your launchpad out of the COVID-19 crisis, https://www.mckinsey.com/capabilities/strategy-and-corporate-finance/our-insights/innovation-your-launchpad-out-of-the-covid-19-crisis (01.09.2023)
20. Gong, L., Z. Liu, Y. Rong and L. Fu (2021). “Inclusive Leadership, Ambidextrous Innovation and Organizational Performance: The Moderating Role of Environment Uncertainty”. Leadership and Organization Development Journal, 42 (5), 783-801.
21. Gunday, G., G. Ulusoy, K. Kilic and L. Alpkan (2011). “Effects Of Innovation Types on Firm Performance”. International Journal of Production Economics, 133 (2), 662-676.
22. Gupta, S., N. Nawaz, A. Tripathi, S. A. Chaudhry and K. Agrawal (2022). “Impact of Inclusive Leadership on Innovation Performance During Coronavirus Disease 2019 Outbreak: Mediating Role of Employee Innovation Behavior and Moderating Role of Psychological Empowerment”. Frontiers in Psychology, 13, 1-14.
23. Huang, Z., S. Sindakis, S. Aggarwal and L. Thomas (2022). “The Role of Leadership in Collective Creativity and Innovation: Examining Academic Research and Development Environments”. Frontiers in Psychology, 13, 1-18.
24. Javed, B., I. Abdullah, M. A. Zaffar, A. Haque and U. Rubab (2019a). “Inclusive Leadership and Innovative Work Behavior: The Role of Psychological Empowerment”. J. Manag. Org. 25, 554-571.
25. Javed, B., S. M. M. R. Naqvi, A. K. Khan, S. Arjoon and H. H. Tayyeb (2019b). “Impact of Inclusive Leadership on Innovative Work Behavior: The Role of Psychological Safety”. Journal of Management and Organization, 25 (1), 117-136.
26. Javed, B., A. K. Khan and S. Quratulain (2018). “Inclusive Leadership and Innovative Work Behavior: Examination of LMX Perspective in Small Capitalized Textile Firms”. The Journal of Psychology, 152 (8), 594-612.
27. Jiang, Y. and C. C. Chen (2018). “Integrating Knowledge Activities for Team Innovation: Effects of Transformational Leadership”. Journal of Management, 44 (5), 1819-1847.
28. Jolly, P. M. and L. Lee (2021). “Silence is Not Golden: Motivating Employee Voice Through Inclusive Leadership”. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Research, 45 (6), 1092-1113.
29. Jong, M. and E. Roth (2015). The Eight Essentials of Innovation, https://www.mckinsey.com/capabilities/strategy-and-corporate-finance/our-insights/the-eight-essentials-of-innovation (01.09.2023).
30. Katsaros, K. K. (2022). “Exploring the Inclusive Leadership and Employee Change Participation Relationship: The Role of Workplace Belongingness and Meaning-Making”. Baltic Journal of Management, 17 (2), 158-173.
31. Khan, J., M. Jaafar, B. Javed, N. Mubarak and T. Saudagar (2020). “Does Inclusive Leadership Affect Project Success? The Mediating Role of Perceived Psychological Empowerment and Psychological Safety”. International Journal of Managing Projects in Business, 13 (5), 1077-1096.
32. Khan, J., M. Jaafar, N. Mubarak and A. K. Khan (2022). “Employee Mindfulness, Innovative Work Behaviour and IT Project Success: The Role of Inclusive Leadership”. Information Technology and Management, 5, 1-15.
33. Li, T. and N. Tang (2022). “Inclusive Leadership and Innovative Performance: A Multi-Level Mediation Model of Psychological Safety”. Front. Psychol, 13 , 1-13.
34. Littell, J. H., J. Corcoran and V. Pillai (2008). Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis. UK: Oxford University Press.
35. Mansoor, A., M. Farrukh, Y. Wu and S. Abdul Wahab (2021). “Does Inclusive Leadership Incite Innovative Work Behavior?”. Human Systems Management, 40 (1), 93-102.
36. McKinsey and Company (2022). What is Innovation?, https://www.mckinsey.com/featured-insights/mckinsey-explainers/what-is-innovation (01.09.2023)
37. Mir, A., M. Rafique and N. Mubarak (2021). “Impact of Inclusive Leadership on Project Success: Testing of a Model in Information Technology Projects”. International Journal of Information Technology Project Management (IJITPM), 12 (1), 63-79.
38. Mitchell, R. and B. Boyle (2021). “Professional Faultlines and Interprofessional Differentiation in Multidisciplinary Team Innovation: The Moderating Role of Inclusive Leadership”. Health Care Management Review, 46 (4), 332-340.
39. Montero-Muñoz, S. and N. Calderón-Gómez (2020). “Associativity, Inclusive Leadership and Local Economic Development”. The Group of Independent Artisans of Mompox. Bitácora Urbano Territorial, 30 (1), 193-204.
40. Mor-Barak, M. E., L. Findler and L. H. Wind (2003). “Cross-Cultural Aspects of Diversity and Well-Being in the Workplace: An International Perspective”. J. Soc. Work Res. Eval., 4, 145-169.
41. Morgeson, F. P., D. S. DeRue and E. P. Karam (2010). “Leadership in Teams: A Functional Approach To Understanding Leadership Structures and Processes”. J. Manag., 36, 5-39.
42. Nembhard, I. M. and A. C. Edmondson (2006). “Making It Safe: The Effects of Leader Inclusiveness and Professional Status on Psychological Safety and Improvement Efforts in Health Care Teams”. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 27 (7), 941-966.
43. Nguyen, T. V. T., H. T. Nguyen, T. X. Nong and T. T. T. Nguyen (2022). “Inclusive Leadership and Creative Teaching: The Mediating Role of Knowledge Sharing and Innovative Climate”. Creativity Research Journal, 1-12.
44. Phan, T. T. A. (2019). “Does Organizational Innovation Always Lead to Better Performance? A Study of Firms in Vietnam”. Journal of Economics and Development, 21 (1), 71-82.
45. PwC (2017). Reinventing Innovation Five Findings to Guide Strategy Through Execution. https://www.pwc.com/gr/en/publications/assets/innovation-benchmark-report.pdf (01.09.2023)
46. Rhaiem, K. and N. Amara (2021). “Learning From Innovation Failures: A Systematic Review of the Literature and Research Agenda”. Review of Managerial Science, 15, 189-234.
47. Randel, A. E., B. M. Galvin, L. M. Shore, K. H. Ehrhart, B. G. Chung, M. A. Dean and U. Kedharnath (2018). “Inclusive Leadership: Realizing Positive Outcomes Through Belongingness and Being Valued for Uniqueness”. Human Resource Management Review, 28 (2), 190-203.
48. Shafi, M. Q., A. Qayyum, S. Naz, S. Rabbani and N. Kamal (2023). “Impact of Inclusive Leadership on Project Success Through Climate For Innovation: The Moderating Role of Knowledge Sharing”. International Journal of Knowledge and Learning, 16 (2), 201-220.
49. Shah, M. S., C. Wu and Z. Ullah (2021). “The Inter-Relationship Between CSR, Inclusive Leadership and Employee Creativity: A Case of the Banking Sector”. Sustainability, 13 (16), 1-17.
50. Shao, J., J. Cherian, L. Xu, M. Zaheer, S. Samad, U. Comite and D. Badulescu (2022). “A CSR Perspective to Drive Employee Creativity in the Hospitality Sector: A Moderated Mediation Mechanism of Inclusive Leadership and Polychronicity”. Sustainability, 14 (10), 1-22.
51. Shouyu, C. (2017). “The Relationship Between Innovation and Firm Performance: A Literature Review”. In 2017 7th International Conference on Social Network, Communication and Education (SNCE 2017), Holland: Atlantis Press.
52. Siyal, S., J. Liu, L. Ma, K. Kumari, M. Saeed, C. Xin and S. N. Hussain (2023). “Does Inclusive Leadership Influence Task Performance of Hospitality Industry Employees? Role of Psychological Empowerment and Trust in Leader”. Heliyon, 9, 1-18.
53. Spreitzer, G. M. (1995). “Psychological Empowerment in the Workplace: Dimensions, Measurement and Validation”. Academy of Management Journal, 38 (5), 1442-1465.
54. Thabet, W. M., K. Badar, M. Aboramadan and A. Abualigah (2023). “Does Green Inclusive Leadership Promote Hospitality Employees' Pro-Environmental Behaviors? The Mediating Role of Climate for Green Initiative”. The Service Industries Journal, 43 (1-2), 43-63.
55. Vladić, N., D. Maleti and M. Maleti (2021). “Determinants of Innovation Capability: An Exploratory Study of Inclusive Leadership and Work Engagement”. Quality Innovation Prosperity, 25 (2), 130-152.
56. Wang, C. L. and P. K. Ahmed (2007). “Dynamic Capabilities: A Review and Research Agenda”. International Journal of Management Reviews, 9 (1), 31-51.
57. Wang, H., M. Chen and X. Li (2021). “Moderating Multiple Mediation Model of the Impact of Inclusive Leadership on Employee Innovative Behavior”. Frontiers in Psychology, 12, 1-18.
58. Winters, M. (2013). From Diversity to Inclusion: An Inclusion Equation. Diversity at Work: The Practice of Inclusion (Ed. B. M. Ferdman and B. R. Deane). San Francisco: Jossey-Bass
59. Wu, G. F. and M. Li (2023). “Impact of Inclusive Leadership on Employees' Innovative Behavior: A Relational Silence Approach”. Frontiers in Psychology, 14, 1-10.
60. Ye, Q., D. Wang and W. Guo (2019). “Inclusive Leadership and Team Innovation: The Role of Team Voice And Performance Pressure”. European Management Journal, 37 (4), 468-480.
61. Yikilmaz, I. and H. Gunduz-Cekmecelioglu (2023). Organizational Agility as a Key Driver of Innovation Performance in SMEs and Large Enterprises. New Perspectives and Possibilities in Strategic Management in the 21st Century: Between Tradition and Modernity. (Ed J. Martínez-Falcó, Javier and B. Marco-Lajara). Pennsylvania: IGI Global.
62. Zhang, S., Y. Liu, Y. G. Li, Z. Zhang and T. Fa (2022). “Chinese Nurses' Innovation Capacity: The Influence of Inclusive Leadership, Empowering Leadership and Psychological Empowerment”. Journal of Nursing Management, 30 (6), 1990-1999.
63. Zhao, F. W. Hu, F. Ahmed and H. Huang (2022). “Impact of Ambidextrous Human Resource Practices on Employee Innovation Performance: The Roles of Inclusive Leadership and Psychological Safety”. European Journal of Innovation Management, 26 (5), 1444-1470.
64. Zhong, J., Y. Li and J. Luo (2022). “The Trickle-Down Effects of İnclusive Leadership on Employees' Innovative Behavior: The Joint Moderating Effects of Vicarious Learning and Organizational Inclusion Climate”. Journal of leadership and Organizational Studies, 29 (3), 342-358.
65. Zhu, J., S. Xu and B. Zhang (2020). “The Paradoxical Effect of Inclusive Leadership on Subordinates' Creativity”. Frontiers in Psychology, 10, 1-8.
66. Zhuplev, A. V. (2018). Disruptive Technologies for Business Development and Strategic Advantage. Pennsylvania: IGI Global.