BİLGİSAYAR (VİDEO) OYUNLARININ FİKİR VE SANAT ESERLERİ KAPSAMINDA KORUNMASINDA UYGUN ESER KATEGORİSİ SORUNU

Bu makale bilgisayar (video) oyununun kavramı, türleri ve unsurlarını açıklamakta, bilgisayar oyununun bütününün ve ayrı ayrı unsurlarının eser olarak hukuki niteliğini tartışmakta ve hangi eser kategorisine ait olduğu sorusuna cevap aramaktadır. Türkiye ve mukayeseli hukuk düzenlemeleri ve Avrupa Birliği Adalet Divanı kararları ışığında sorunu ele alan makale bilgisayar oyunlarının bütününün görsel-işitsel eser türü olarak 5846 sayılı Fikir ve Sanat Eserleri Kanunu kapsamında sinema eseri kategorisinde ele alınması ve zorunlu kayıt ve tescile tabi tutulması gerektiği, bilgisayar oyununun hususiyet içermesi koşuluyla ayrı ayrı unsurlarının somut olayda ilgili kanunda ilim ve edebiyat, güzel sanat veya musiki eseri olarak korunabileceği, programın hususiyet içermesi durumunda programcının bilgisayar oyunu üzerinde eser sahipleri arasında yer alması gerektiği, kullanıcıların oyuna katkısının hususiyet içerdiği istinai durumlarda yalnız katkı sağladığı kısımda eser sahipliğinin doğabileceği sonucuna varmışır.

This article explains the concept, types, and elements of computer (video) games, discusses the legal nature of computer games as a whole, and its constituent elements as work and attempts to find which category of works computer games belong to. In the light of Turkish and comparative law and judgments of the European Court of Justice, this article concludes that the computer games as a whole should be regarded under the category of cinematographic works as an audiovisual work within the meaning of the Law on Intellectual and Artistic Works No 5846 and be subject to mandatory registration and record and that the constituent elements of computers games should be protected as scientific and literary works, works of fine art or musical works on a case-to-case basis provided that they are original. Programmers should also be regarded among copyright holders of computer games, provided that software is original. Limited to their part of creation, ownership of users in computer games should be approved in exceptional cases where their contribution to a game constitutes originality.

This article explains the concept, types, and elements of computer (video) games, discusses the legal nature of computer games as a whole, and its constituent elements as work and attempts to find which category of works computer games belong to. In the light of Turkish and comparative law and judgments of the European Court of Justice, this article concludes that the computer games as a whole should be regarded under the category of cinematographic works as an audiovisual work within the meaning of the Law on Intellectual and Artistic Works No 5846 and be subject to mandatory registration and record and that the constituent elements of computers games should be protected as scientific and literary works, works of fine art or musical works on a case-to-case basis provided that they are original. Programmers should also be regarded among copyright holders of computer games, provided that software is original. Limited to their part of creation, ownership of users in computer games should be approved in exceptional cases where their contribution to a game constitutes originality.