TEKSTİL ENDÜSTRİSİNDE PİGMENTLERİN KULLANIMI VE İNSAN SAĞLIĞINA ETKİLERİNİN İNCELENMESİ

Öz

Pigmentler; organik ve inorganik olmak üzere ikiye ayrılmaktadır. Organik ve inorganik pigmentler arasında; parlaklık, kimyasal stabilite, renk, maliyet, dağılım, ışık emme, boyut ve yüzey alanında farklar bulunmaktadır. Pigmentler tekstil endüstrisinde; dolgu maddesi, materyallerin renklendirilmesinde, farklı fonksiyonel özelliklerin (güç tutuşur, antibakteriyel, antimikrobiyal, su itici, UV ışınım koruma özellikleri, optik özellikleri, ses ve ısı yalıtım özelliklerinin) geliştirilmesinde kullanılmaktadır. Özellikle kaplama malzemesinde; ağır metaller içeren inorganik pigmentler kullanılmamalıdır. Çünkü bu pigmentler, insan sağlığına zararlı olarak bilinmektedir. Bu araştırmada pigmentler hakkında genel bilgi verilip, tekstil materyallerinin renklendirilmesi (boyama, baskı ve kaplama yöntemleri ile) işlemi ile elde edilen farklı fonksiyonel özellikler üzerine yapılmış bazı çalışmalar anlatılmıştır. Bunun yanı sıra; pigmentlerin vücuttaki etkileri de kısaca özetlenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• inorganik pigmentler
• tekstil
• insan sağlığı
• organik pigmentler

THE USAGE OF PIGMENTS IN TEXTILE INDUSTRY AND INVESTIGATION OF THEIR EFFECTS ON HUMAN HEALTH

Öz

Pigments are divided into organic and inorganic ones. There are differences between them in brightness, chemical stability, color, cost, distribution properties, light absorption, dimension and surface area. Pigments are used as filling besides in coloration of materials, in the improvement of new materials with different functional properties (such as, flammable proof, antibacterial, antimicrobial, water-repellent, UV radiation saving features, optical properties, thermo and acoustic insulation properties). Especially, inorganic pigments which contain heavy metals should not be used as coating materials. Because these pigments are known to be harmful to human health. In this research general knowledge about pigments were given then studies about their usage in textile material colouration (dyeing, printing and coating techniques) and the different functional properties being achieved by their usage were presented. Besides, the effects of pigments on human health were also briefly summarized.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• inorganic pigments
• Human health
• organic pigments
• textile

Kaynakça

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