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Aksu Havzası'nın (Antalya, Türkiye) Neojen Stratigrafisi ve Yapısal Unsurları

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 64 Sayı: 1, 83 - 128, 03.09.2020
https://doi.org/10.25288/tjb.682776

Öz

Naplı ve bindirmeli Toros kuşağı, Afrika ve Avrasya levhalarının Kretase’den günümüze kadar devam eden yaklaşık K-G yönlü birbirlerine doğru yaklaşma hareketine bağlı olarak oluşmuştur. Bu hareket Neojen’in erken dönemlerinde Isparta Büklümü olarak tanımlanan karmaşık bir morfo-tektonik yapının gelişmesine neden olmuştur. Miyosen’de, Batı ve Orta Toroslar ile Isparta Büklümü’nün iç kesimleri, kırıntılı sedimanlar ve karbonatlarla karakterize edilen denizel havza dolguları ile doldurulmuştur. Çalışma alanı olarak incelenen Aksu Havzası da bu denizel havzalardan biri olup ve Isparta Büklümü’nün tam merkezinde bulunmaktadır. Dolayısıyla, Aksu Havzası Neojen döneminde meydana gelen kabuksal deformasyona ait jeolojik kayıtları tutmuştur.

Aksu Havzası dolgusu, genel olarak Orta Miyosen’den Kuvaterner’e kadar denizel kırıntılı karakterde olup; 1 km’den fazla kalınlığa sahiptir. Havzanın Pliyosen öncesi sedimanları yoğun bir deformasyona maruz kalmıştır. Aksu Havzası’nın sedimanter dolgusu temel üzerine uyumsuzluk ile yerleşen Burdigaliyen-Langhiyen Oymapınar Kireçtaşı ile başlar. İstiflenme düzeni, havzanın kuzeyinde ve güneyinde stratigrafik ve litolojik açıdan farklılıklar göstermektedir. Havzanın kuzey kesimindeki Miyosen istifinin en genç birimi Tortoniyen yaşlı olup, Tortoniyen ve Pleyistosen arası birimler birimler eksiktir. Buna karşın, havzanın güneyinde kalan istif nispeten daha tamdır. Litostratigrafik özelliklerin yanı sıra, bu çalışmada Aksu Havzası’nı şekillendiren yapısal unsurlar da ele alınmıştır. Bunlar Aksu ve Kapıkaya bindirmeleri olarak belirlenmiştir. Arazi çalışmalarında yapılan gözlemler ve anahtar fay hatları üzerinden alınan fay-kayma verilerinden elde edilen sonuçlar Aksu Havzasının dört farklı tektonik evrede geliştiğini göstermektedir. Bunlardan ilki, havzanın oluşumu ile ilgili olan ~D-B açılma evresi iken, ikinci evre Isparta Büklümü’nün batı kanadının KD’ya hareketi ile ilişkili olan ~K-G sıkışmalı Likya evresidir. Üçüncü evre, havzada en baskın görülen ~D-B sıkışmalı Aksu evresidir. K-G açılma evresi ise, dördüncü ve son tektonik faz olarak belirlenmiştir.

Tüm bu veriler ışığında, Serravaliyen’den Erken Pliyosen’e kadar etkinliğini sürdüren Isparta Büklümü’nün merkezindeki D-B doğrultulu bir kısalmanın varlığı, Afrika ve Avrasya’nın K-G yakınsamasına bağlı levha tektoniği çerçevesinde değerlendirildiğinde ilginçtir. Isparta Büklümü’nün hemen altındaki mantoya ait sismik tomografi görüntüleri Isparta Büklümü’nün altında dalan iki ayrı levha parçasının (Kıbrıs ve Antalya levhaları) varlığına işaret etmişlerdir. Bu durumda, Isparta Büklümü’nün Mio-Pliyosen ve hatta modern dönemdeki evriminde ve Torosların yükselişinde, Antalya Levhası’nın önemli bir katkısı beklenmelidir.

Destekleyen Kurum

Yüzüncü Yıl Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri Koordinatörlüğü (BAP)

Proje Numarası

FBA-2016-5153

Teşekkür

Bu makale, Yüzüncü Yıl Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri Koordinatörlüğü FBA-2016-5153 no’lu proje kapsamında desteklenmiştir. Aynı zamanda, bu makalede sunulan veriler Muhammad Harbi Wasoo tarafından Yüzüncü Yıl Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü’nde yapılan yüksek lisans tezinin bir bölümünü kapsamaktadır.

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Neogene Stratigraphy and Structural Elements of the Aksu Basin (Antalya, Turkey)

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 64 Sayı: 1, 83 - 128, 03.09.2020
https://doi.org/10.25288/tjb.682776

Öz

The Tauride fold and thrust belt formed during ~N-S convergence between African and Eurasian plates since Cretaceous time. This movement led to the development of a complex morpho-tectonic structure, so-called ‘Isparta Angle’ during the early stage of the Neogene time. In Miocene time, the western and central Taurides and the inner part of the Isparta Angle became overlain by marine sedimentary basins which are characterized by clastics and carbonates. Aksu Basin which is determined as study area is one of these marine basins and is located in the center of the Isparta Angle. Therefore, Aksu Basin contains the geological records of the crustal deformation occurred during the Neogene period.

The sedimentary infill of the Aksu Basin is mainly characterized by marine clastics with more than 1 km thick from the Middle Miocene to Pliocene. The pre-Pliocene basin infill was subjected to intense deformation. Sedimentary sequence of the Aksu Basin starts with Burdigalian-Langhian Oymapınar Limestone which unconformably overlies the basement unit. The lithostratigraphy in the north is different from that of the south of the basin. The youngest Miocene unit in the north of the basin is the Tortonian aged and the units deposited between Tortonian and Pleistocene is missing in the sequence. On the other hand, the sequence is more complete in the south of the basin. In addition to lithostratigraphic features, the structural elements which are forming the Aksu Basin are also carried out during this study. These are the Aksu and Kapıkaya thrusts. Field observations and results obtained from the kinematic measurements along the key structural zones show that Aksu Basin developed through four different tectonic phases. While the first phase is ~E-W extensional phase which is related to opening of the basin, the second phase is ~N-S compressional Lycian phase. The third phase is ~E-W compressional (Aksu) phase, which is the most prominent phase in the basin. N-S extensional phase is determined as the fourth and the last tectonic phase.

Under the light of whole data, presence of the E-W shortening which is active between Serravalian and Early Pliocene in the center of the Isparta Angle is interesting given the plate tectonic setting driven by N-S convergence of the Africa and Eurasia. The seismic tomography images of the mantle below the Isparta Angle indicates that there are two separate slab segments (Cyprus and Antalya slabs). Therefore, an important impact of the Antalya slab should be expected in the Mio-Pliocene and even modern evolution of the Isparta Angle and the uplift of the Taurides.

Proje Numarası

FBA-2016-5153

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  • Reilinger, R., McClusky, S., Vernant, P., Lawrence, S., Ergintav, S., Cakmak, R., Ozener, H. Kadirov, F., Guliev, I., Stepanyan, R., Nadariya, M., Hahubia, G., Mahmoud, S., Sakr, K., ArRajehi, A., Paradissis, D., Al-Aydrus, A., Prilepin, M., Guseva, T., Evren, E., Dmitrotsa, A., Filikov, S.V., Gomez, F., Al-Ghazzi, R. & Karam, G. 2006. GPS constraints on continental deformation in the Africa-Arabia-Eurasia continental collision zone and implications for the dynamics of plate interactions. Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, 111, Article B05411, 1-26. https://doi.org/10.1029/2005JB004051
  • Reilinger, R., McClusky, S., Paradissis, D., Ergintav, S. & Vernant, P. (2010). Geodetic constraints on the tectonic evolution of the Aegean region and strain accumulation along the Hellenic subduction zone. Tectonophysics, 488(1-4), 22-30.
  • Robertson, A.H.F. (2000). Mesozoic-Tertiary tectonicsedimentary evolution of a south Tethyan oceanic basin and its margins in southern Turkey. Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 173(1), 97-138.
  • Robertson, A.H.F., Clift, P.D., Degnan, P.J. & Jones, G. (1991). Palaeogeographic and palaeotectonic evolution of the Eastern Mediterranean Neotethys. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 87(1-4), 289-343.
  • Robertson, A.H.F. & Dixon, J.E. (1984). Introduction: aspects of the geological evolution of the Eastern Mediterranean. Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 17(1), 1-74.
  • Robertson, A.H.F. & Ustaömer, T. (2009). Formation of the Late Palaeozoic Konya Complex and comparable units in southern Turkey by subduction–accretion processes: Implications for the tectonic development of Tethys in the Eastern Mediterranean region. Tectonophysics, 473(1-2), 113-148.
  • Robertson, A.H.F., Ustaömer, T., Pickett, E.A., Collins, A.S., Andrew, T. & Dixon, J. E. (2004). Testing models of Late Palaeozoic–Early Mesozoic orogeny in Western Turkey: support for an evolving open-Tethys model. Journal of the Geological Society, 161(3), 501-511.
  • Robertson, A.H.F. & Mountrakis, D. (2006). Tectonic development of the Eastern Mediterranean region: an introduction. Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 260(1), 1-9.
  • Robertson, A.H.F. & Woodcock, N.H. (1982). Sedimentary history of the south- western segment of the Mesozoic-Tertiary Antalya continental margin, south- western Turkey. Eclogae Geologicae Helvetiae, 75(3), 517-562.
  • Robertson, A.H.F. & Woodcock, N.H. (1984). The SW segment of the Antalya Complex, Turkey as a Mesozoic-Tertiary Tethyan continental margin. Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 17(1), 251-271.
  • Schildgen, T.F., Cosentino, D., Caruso, A., Buchwaldt, R., Yıldırım, C., Bowring, S.A. & Strecker, M.R (2012). Surface expression of eastern Mediterranean slab dynamics: Neogene topographic and structural evolution of the southwest margin of the Central Anatolian Plateau, Turkey. Tectonics, 31 Article TC2005, 1-21
  • Schildgen, T.F., Yıldırım, C., Cosentino, D. & Strecker, M.R. (2014). Linking slab break-off, Hellenic trench retreat, and uplift of the Central and Eastern Anatolian plateaus. Earth-Science Reviews, 128, 147-168.
  • Seyitoğlu, G., Scon, B. & Rundle, C.C. (1992). Timing of Cenozoic extensional tectonics in west Turkey. Journal of Geological Society, London, 149(4), 533-538. https://doi.org/10.1144/gsjgs.149.4.0533
  • Seyitoğlu, G. & Scott, B. C. (1996). Age of the Alaşehir graben (west Turkey) and its tectonic implications. Geological Journal, 31(1), 1-11.
  • Stampfli, G. M. & Borel, G. D. (2002). A plate tectonic model for the Paleozoic and Mesozoic constrained by dynamic plate boundaries and restored synthetic oceanic isochrons. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 196(1-2), 17-33.
  • Storetvedt, K.M. (1990). The Tethys Sea and the Alpine-Himalayan orogenic belt; mega- elements in a new global tectonic system. Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors, 62(1-2), 141-184.
  • Şenel, M. (1997). 1:250.000 Scale Geological Maps of Turkey, No: 4, Isparta Sheet; N°3, Antalya Sheet. Mineral Research and Exploration Institute of Turkey (MTA) Publication, Ankara.
  • Şenel, M., Dalkiliç, H., Gedik, İ., Serdaroğlu, M., Bolukbaşi, A.S., Metin, S., Esentürk, K., Bilgin, A.Z., Uguz, F., Korucu, M. ve Özgül, N. (1992). 1:100.000 Ölçekli Türkiye Jeoloji Haritası Isparta J11 paftası. Maden Tetkik Arama Genel Müdürlüğü Yayınları No:14.
  • Şenel, M., Dalkılıç, H., Gedik, İ., Serdaroğlu, M., Metin, S., Esentürk, K. ve Özgül, N. (1998). Orta Toroslar’da Güzelsu koridoru ve kuzeyinin stratigrafisi, Türkiye. Maden Tetkik ve Arama Dergisi, 120, 171-198.
  • Şengör, A.M.C., Görür, N. & Şaroğlu, F. (1985). Strike-slip faulting and related basin formation in zones of tectonic escape: Turkey as a case study. In K.T. Biddle & N.Christie-Blick (Eds.), Strike-Slip Deformation, Basin Formation, and Sedimentation. Society for Sedimentary Geology.
  • Şengör, A.M.C., Özeren, S., Genç, T. & Zor, E. (2003). East Anatolian high plateau as a mantlesupported, north-south shortened domal structure. Geophysical Research Letters, 30(24), 8045.
  • Şengör, A.M.C. & Yılmaz, Y. (1981). Tethyan evolution of Turkey: a plate tectonic approach. Tectonophysics, 75(3-4), 181-241.
  • Taymaz, T., Eyidog̃an, H. & Jackson, J. (1991). Source parameters of large earthquakes in the East Anatolian Fault Zone (Turkey). Geophysical Journal International, 106(3), 537-550.
  • Tuzcu S. ve Karabıyıkoğlu M. (2001). Batı Toros Kuşağı Miyosen Mercan Resiflerinin Paleontolojisi Stratiğrafisi Fasiyesleri ve Çökelme Ortamları. (Rapor No:10438). Maden Tetkik ve Arama Genel Müdürlüğü, Ankara.
  • Üner, S., Özsayın, E., Kutluay, A. & Dirik, K. (2015). Polyphase tectonic evolution of the Aksu Basin, Isparta Angle (Southern Turkey). Geologica Carpathica, 66(2), 157-169.
  • Üner, S., Özsayın, E., Dirik, R.K., Çiner, T.A. & Karabıyıkoğlu, M. (2018). Reconstructing the sedimentary evolution of Miocene Aksu Basin based on fan delta development (eastern Mediterranean-Turkey). Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences 27, 32-48. https://doi.org/10.3906/yer-1705-21
  • Van Hinsbergen, D.J., Dekkers, M.J., Bozkurt, E. & Koopman, M. (2010a). Exhumation with a twist: Paleomagnetic constraints on the evolution of the Menderes metamorphic core complex, western Turkey. Tectonics, 29(3), Article TC3009. https://doi.org/10.1029/2009TC002596
  • Van Hinsbergen, D.J., Dekkers, M.J. & Koç, A. (2010b). Testing Miocene remagnetization of Bey Dağları: Timing and amount of Neogene rotations in SW Turkey. Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences, 19(2), 123-156.
  • Wasoo, M. H. (2019). Comparison of strain ellipsoid shape based on the results of the magnetic susceptibility anisotropy and paleostress methods: case study of Aksu Basin (Antalya, SW Turkey) [Yayımlanmamış yüksek lisans tezi]. Van Yüzüncü Yıl Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü.
  • Yılmaz, Y. (1993). New evidence and model on the evolution of the southeast Anatolian orogen. Geological Society of America Bulletin, 105(2), 251-2
  • Žalohar, J., & Vrabec, M. (2007). Paleostress analysis of heterogeneous fault-slip data: the Gauss method. Journal of Structural Geology, 29(11), 1798-1810.
Toplam 105 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Genel Jeoloji
Bölüm Makaleler - Articles
Yazarlar

Muhammad Wasoo Bu kişi benim 0000-0001-7642-6444

Ayten Koç 0000-0002-8296-0093

Proje Numarası FBA-2016-5153
Yayımlanma Tarihi 3 Eylül 2020
Gönderilme Tarihi 31 Ocak 2020
Kabul Tarihi 19 Temmuz 2020
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2021 Cilt: 64 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Wasoo, M., & Koç, A. (2021). Aksu Havzası’nın (Antalya, Türkiye) Neojen Stratigrafisi ve Yapısal Unsurları. Türkiye Jeoloji Bülteni, 64(1), 83-128. https://doi.org/10.25288/tjb.682776
AMA Wasoo M, Koç A. Aksu Havzası’nın (Antalya, Türkiye) Neojen Stratigrafisi ve Yapısal Unsurları. Türkiye Jeol. Bült. Ocak 2021;64(1):83-128. doi:10.25288/tjb.682776
Chicago Wasoo, Muhammad, ve Ayten Koç. “Aksu Havzası’nın (Antalya, Türkiye) Neojen Stratigrafisi Ve Yapısal Unsurları”. Türkiye Jeoloji Bülteni 64, sy. 1 (Ocak 2021): 83-128. https://doi.org/10.25288/tjb.682776.
EndNote Wasoo M, Koç A (01 Ocak 2021) Aksu Havzası’nın (Antalya, Türkiye) Neojen Stratigrafisi ve Yapısal Unsurları. Türkiye Jeoloji Bülteni 64 1 83–128.
IEEE M. Wasoo ve A. Koç, “Aksu Havzası’nın (Antalya, Türkiye) Neojen Stratigrafisi ve Yapısal Unsurları”, Türkiye Jeol. Bült., c. 64, sy. 1, ss. 83–128, 2021, doi: 10.25288/tjb.682776.
ISNAD Wasoo, Muhammad - Koç, Ayten. “Aksu Havzası’nın (Antalya, Türkiye) Neojen Stratigrafisi Ve Yapısal Unsurları”. Türkiye Jeoloji Bülteni 64/1 (Ocak 2021), 83-128. https://doi.org/10.25288/tjb.682776.
JAMA Wasoo M, Koç A. Aksu Havzası’nın (Antalya, Türkiye) Neojen Stratigrafisi ve Yapısal Unsurları. Türkiye Jeol. Bült. 2021;64:83–128.
MLA Wasoo, Muhammad ve Ayten Koç. “Aksu Havzası’nın (Antalya, Türkiye) Neojen Stratigrafisi Ve Yapısal Unsurları”. Türkiye Jeoloji Bülteni, c. 64, sy. 1, 2021, ss. 83-128, doi:10.25288/tjb.682776.
Vancouver Wasoo M, Koç A. Aksu Havzası’nın (Antalya, Türkiye) Neojen Stratigrafisi ve Yapısal Unsurları. Türkiye Jeol. Bült. 2021;64(1):83-128.

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