Erişkin hastalarda hemoptizi: Etyoloji, rekürrens ve mortalite riski

Öz

Amaç: Hemoptizinin etiyolojisi, popülasyon farklılıklarına, zamana, coğrafi bölgeye, kullanılan tanısal testlere göre değişmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı bir üniversite hastanesinde hemoptizinin etyolojik nedenlerini, rekürrens ve mortalite riskini araştırmaktır. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Hastanemize Haziran 2011-Şubat 2022 tarihleri arasında hemoptizi nedeniyle başvuran 391 hastanın verileri hastane elektronik dosya sisteminden faydalanılarak incelendi. Hastaların demografik özellikleri, sigara kullanım bilgileri, radyolojik bulguları, ilişkili tanıları kaydedildi. Elde edilen veriler analiz edildi. Bulgular: Çalışmaya 229 erkek 162 kadın olmak üzere 391 hasta dahil edildi. Tüm hastaların yaş ortalaması 54.5±20.0 idi. Pnömoni (%49.7), akciğer kanseri (%21), pulmoner emboli (%17.8) en sık hemoptizi nedenleriydi. Olgularımızın %48.5’i idiopatik hemoptiziydi. Hemoptiziyle ilişkili tanılar açısından kadın-erkek arasında farklılık saptanmadı (p=0.937). Tüm hastalarda ortalama hemoptizi rekkürrens oranı %10.2, rekürrens süresi 375 gün (min:6-max:2886) bulundu. Genel mortalite oranı %6 olup, Korelasyon analizinde sadece ilk hemoptizde yatış süresinin mortalite ile ilişkisi bulundu (p<0.05). Sonuç: Çalışmamızda; genel mortalite oranı %6 bulunmuş olup, rekürrens ve mortalite riskinin yüksek olduğu, antikoagülan ya da antiagregan kullanan hastalarda ve akciğer kanseri tanılı hastalarda rekürrens riskinin daha yüksek olduğu görüldü.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Hemoptizi
• etyoloji
• rekürrens
• mortalite

Hemoptysis in adult patients: Etiology, recurrence and risk of mortality

Öz

Aim: The etiology of hemoptysis varies according to population differences, time, geographical region, and diagnostic tests used. The aim of this study is to investigate the etiological causes, recurrence and mortality risk of hemoptysis in a university hospital. Materials and Methods: The data of 391 patients who applied to our hospital with hemoptysis between June 2011 and February 2022 were analyzed using the hospital electronic file system. Demographic characteristics, smoking information, radiological findings and related diagnoses of the patients were recorded. The obtained data were analyzed. Results: A total of 391 patients, including 229 males and 162 females, were included in the study. The mean age of all patients was 54.5±20.0 years. Pneumonia (49.7%), lung cancer (21%), pulmonary embolism (17.8%) were the most common causes of hemoptysis. 48.5% of our cases had idiopathic hemoptysis. There was no difference between men and women in terms of diagnoses related to hemoptysis (p=0.937). The mean hemoptysis recurrence rate was 10.2% and the recurrence time was 375 days (min:6-max:2886) in all patients. The overall mortality rate was 6%. In the correlation analysis, only the length of stay in the first hemoptysis was found to be associated with mortality (p<0.05). Conclusion: In our study; the overall mortality rate was 6%, and the risk of recurrence and mortality was high, and the risk of recurrence was higher in patients using anticoagulants or antiaggregants and in patients with lung cancer.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Hemoptysis
• etiology
• recurrence
• mortality

Kaynakça

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