The role of the triglyceride-glucose index (TyG Index) in predicting disease severity, ICU admission, and total hospital stay in patients with myocarditis

Öz

Aim: Myocarditis is characterized by myocardial inflammation, with varying etiologies, including infectious and autoimmune causes, and presents with a broad range of clinical severity. Identifying prognostic markers is essential to tailor treatment and optimize outcomes. This study aims to evaluate the Triglyceride-Glucose (TyG) Index as a potential marker for disease severity, ICU admission, and hospital length of stay in patients with acute myocarditis. Material and Methods: In this retrospective study, 326 patients diagnosed with acute myocarditis between January 2015 and December 2023 were analyzed. Clinical and laboratory data, including demographics, disease severity markers, and TyG Index values, were collected. Statistical analyses evaluated associations between TyG Index and key clinical outcomes, such as ICU admission and total hospital stay. Results: Patients with higher TyG Index values had significantly increased ICU admission rates, prolonged hospital stays, and higher levels of inflammatory markers, including CRP and ferritin. The TyG Index also correlated with markers of myocardial injury, such as elevated troponin and D-dimer levels, and was notably higher in patients with comorbidities like hypertension, diabetes, and hyperlipidemia. Conclusion: The TyG Index appears to be a valuable biomarker for assessing myocarditis severity and predicting clinical outcomes. Given its accessibility, the TyG Index could be a practical tool for risk stratification in clinical settings. Prospective studies are needed to confirm these findings and further clarify its role in the pathophysiology of myocarditis.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Myocarditis
• TyG Index
• ICU admission
• Disease severity

Miyokarditli hastalarda hastalık şiddetini, YBÜ'ye yatışı ve toplam hastanede kalış süresini tahmin etmede trigliserit-glikoz indeksinin (TyG indeksi) rolü

Öz

Amaç: Myokardit, enfeksiyöz ve otoimmün nedenler dahil olmak üzere çeşitli etiyolojilere sahip miyokardiyal inflamasyon ile karakterizedir ve geniş bir klinik şiddet aralığında seyredebilir. Prognostik belirteçlerin belirlenmesi, tedavinin bireyselleştirilmesi ve klinik sonuçların iyileştirilmesi açısından önemlidir. Bu çalışmada, Trigliserid-Glukoz (TyG) İndeksi’nin akut myokarditli hastalarda hastalık şiddeti, yoğun bakım ihtiyacı ve hastanede yatış süresi ile ilişkisini değerlendirmek amaçlanmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Bu retrospektif çalışmada, Ocak 2015 - Aralık 2023 tarihleri arasında akut myokardit tanısı alan 326 hasta analiz edilmiştir. Demografik veriler, hastalık şiddeti belirteçleri ve TyG İndeksi değerleri dahil olmak üzere klinik ve laboratuvar verileri toplanmıştır. İstatistiksel analizlerle TyG İndeksi’nin yoğun bakım yatışı ve toplam hastanede kalış süresi gibi klinik sonuçlarla ilişkisi değerlendirilmiştir. Bulgular: Yüksek TyG İndeksi değerine sahip hastalarda yoğun bakım yatış oranları belirgin şekilde artmış, hastanede kalış süresi uzamış ve CRP, ferritin gibi inflamatuar belirteçler daha yüksek bulunmuştur. Ayrıca, TyG İndeksi miyokard hasarı belirteçleri olan troponin ve D-dimer seviyeleri ile de korelasyon göstermiştir. Hipertansiyon, diyabet ve hiperlipidemi gibi ek hastalıkları olan bireylerde TyG İndeksi daha yüksek bulunmuştur. Sonuç: TyG İndeksi, myokardit şiddetini değerlendirmede ve klinik sonuçları öngörmede değerli bir biyobelirteç olabilir. Kolay erişilebilirliği sayesinde, klinik pratiğe yönelik risk sınıflandırmasında pratik bir araç olarak kullanılabilir. Bulguların doğrulanması ve myokardit patofizyolojisindeki rolünün daha iyi anlaşılması için ileriye dönük çalışmalar gereklidir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Myokardit
• TyG İndeksi
• Yoğun bakım yatışı
• Hastalık şiddeti

Kaynakça

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