Sosyal medyada paylaşılan tıbbi bilgilere güven: sağlık profesyonelleri ve öğrencileri arasında kesitsel bir anket

Öz

Amaç: Bu araştırmanın amacı, sağlık alanında çalışan farklı meslek grupları arasında sosyal medyada paylaşılan tıbbi bilgilere duyulan güven düzeyini değerlendirmek ve bu güvenin yaşa, cinsiyete ve mesleki role göre nasıl değiştiğini araştırmaktır. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Bu kesitsel anket çalışmasına 200 tıp öğrencisi, 75 eczacı, 75 hemşire ve 50 hekimden oluşan toplam 350 katılımcı dahil edildi. Anket 30 madde içermekte ve demografi, kullanım alışkanlıkları, güven ve yanlış bilgiye maruziyeti kapsamaktadır. Açıklayıcı faktör analizi sonucunda dokuz maddelik Çevrimiçi Tıbbi Bilgiye Güven ve Tutum Ölçeği (TAOMIS) geliştirilmiş ve ölçeğin güvenilirliği kabul edilebilir düzeyde bulunmuştur (Cronbach α=0,742). Puanlar (1–4) 0–100 aralığına dönüştürülmüştür. Bulgular: Tüm katılımcılar günlük sosyal medya kullandığını belirtmiştir. Öğrenciler ve hemşireler >2 saat/gün kullanım bildirirken, hekimler ve eczacılar çoğunlukla 1–2 saat kullanmıştır (p<0,001). TikTok en sık öğrenciler (%41,5) ve hemşireler (%56,0) tarafından kullanılmış, YouTube ise hekimler (%42,0) ve eczacılarda (%42,7) daha yüksek bulunmuştur (p<0,001). Çevrimiçi içeriğe güven düşüktür; hekimlerin %68’i ve öğrencilerin %58,5’i bilgileri “çoğunlukla güvenilmez” olarak değerlendirmiştir. Yanlış bilgiyle karşılaştığında hekimler ve eczacılar daha çok “doğrulama ve düzeltme”yi seçerken, öğrenciler ve hemşireler sıklıkla “görmezden gelme”yi bildirmiştir (p<0,001). TAOMIS puanları meslek gruplarına göre anlamlı farklılık göstermiştir (p<0,001): en yüksek ortalama hekimlerde (73,5), ardından eczacılarda (67,3) görülmüş; hemşireler (51,3) ve öğrenciler (41,9) daha düşük puan almıştır. Cinsiyet açısından fark yoktur (p=0,543), yaşla birlikte puanlar artış göstermiştir. Sonuç: Sağlık profesyonelleri sosyal medyadaki tıbbi bilgilere güven ve tutum açısından farklılık göstermektedir. Hekimler ve eczacılar daha eleştirel, kanıta dayalı yaklaşımlar sergilerken; öğrenciler ve hemşireler yanlış bilgiye karşı daha savunmasızdır. Bulgular, sağlık profesyonelleri eğitimine dijital sağlık okuryazarlığı ve yanlış bilgiyle mücadele becerilerinin entegre edilmesi gerektiğini ve kurumsal politikaların güçlendirilmesinin önemini ortaya koymaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• sosyal medya
• yanlış bilgi
• güven
• sağlık profesyonelleri
• dijital sağlık okuryazarlığı

Trust in medical information shared on social media: a cross-sectional survey among healthcare professionals and students

Öz

Aim: This study aimed to assess the level of trust in medical information shared on social media among different professional groups in the healthcare field, and to examine how this trust varies by age, gender, and professional role. Material and Methods: A total of 350 participants, including 200 medical students, 75 pharmacists, 75 nurses, and 50 physicians, were included in this cross-sectional survey study. The 30-item questionnaire covered demographics, usage patterns, trust, and misinformation. Exploratory factor analysis identified a nine-item Trust and Attitudes toward Online Medical Information Scale (TAOMIS) with acceptable reliability (Cronbach’s α=0.742). Scores (1–4) were rescaled to 0–100. Results: All respondents reported daily social media use. Students and nurses more often spent >2 hours/day, while physicians and pharmacists used 1–2 hours (p<0.001). TikTok was preferred by students (41.5%) and nurses (56.0%), while YouTube use was higher among physicians (42.0%) and pharmacists (42.7%) (p<0.001). Trust in online content was low: 68% of physicians and 58.5% of students rated information as often unreliable. Physicians and pharmacists more often verified and corrected misinformation, whereas nurses and students tended to ignore it (p<0.001). TAOMIS scores differed significantly by role (p<0.001): physicians scored highest (73.5), followed by pharmacists (67.3), while nurses (51.3) and students (41.9) scored lower. Scores did not differ by gender but increased with age. Conclusions: Healthcare professionals vary in their trust and responses to online medical information. Physicians and pharmacists showed more evidence-aligned attitudes, whereas students and nurses were more vulnerable to misinformation. Integrating digital health literacy into health professions education and strengthening institutional policies are needed to safeguard trust in medical knowledge.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• social media
• misinformation
• trust
• healthcare professionals

Kaynakça

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