The evaluation of reasons for early and late onset neonatal thrombocytopenia in our new born intensive care unit

Öz

Aim: Thrombocytopenia is a common hematologic problem in the neonatal period. The aim of the study is determine of prevalence and reasons of thrombocytopenia in patients in our newborn intensive care unit (NICU).

Material and Methods: Medical records of patients who were hospitalized in NICU between January 2011 and May 2014 were inspected retrospectively. Early thrombocytopenia was identified as thrombocytopenia developing within first 72h’s of life and late thrombocytopenia was identified as thrombocytopenia developing after the first 72h’s of life. Demographic characteristics, clinical and laboratory parameters of the patients’ were recorded.

Results: The prevalence of thrombocytopenia was 11% in the study period. The reasons of early thrombocytopenia were placental insufficiency (n=14), with one patient having accompanying chromosomal anomaly, sepsis (n=14), maternal thrombocytopenia (n=7), perinatal asphyxia (n=6), and hemophagocytic syndrome (n=1). Pseudothrombocytopenia and neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia was considered in two and four patients respectively.

 The reasons of late thrombocytopenia were culture proven sepsis (n=15), clinical sepsis (n=10), necrotizing enterocolitis (n=7), TAR Syndrome (n=1), CMV infection (n=1), and pseudothrombocytopenia (n=5).

Conclusion: In our study we showed that early thrombocytopenia is related to prenatal or natal complications, however late thrombocytopenia is related to late onset infection or necrotizing enterocolitis. In conclusion, the time of onset of thrombocytopenia is important to determine the etiology of thrombocytopenia.

Key Words: Thrombocytopenia, newborn, sepsis

Anahtar Kelimeler

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Yenidoğan Yoğun Bakım Ünitemizdeki Erken ve Geç Trombositopeni Nedenlerinin Değerlendirilmesi

Öz

Amaç: Trombositopeni yenidoğan döneminde sık görülen hematolojik sorunlardan biridir. Bu çalışmanın amacı yenidoğan yoğun bakım ünitemizde (YYBÜ) yatan hastalarda trombositopeni sıklığı ve nedenlerini belirlemektir.

Yöntem: Ocak 2011- Mayıs 2014 tarihleri arasında YYBÜ’de yatan hastalar dosya kayıtlarından geriye yönelik olarak incelendi. Postnatal ilk 72 saatte gözlenen trombositopeni erken, 72 saatten sonra görülenler ise geç trombositopeni olarak tanımlandı. Hastaların demografik ve klinik özellikleri ve laboratuar bulguları kaydedildi.

Bulgular:  Çalışma süresince YYBÜ’ de trombositopeni sıklığı %11 idi.  Erken trombositopeni gözlenen hastaların trombositopeni nedenleri plasental yetmezlik (n=14), 1 hastada aynı zamanda kromozom anomalisi, sepsis (n=14),  maternal trombositopeni (n=7), perinatal asfiksi (n=6), hemofagositoz (n=1)  idi. İki hastada yalancı trombositopeni, 4 hastada tanısal değerlendirme yapılamamakla birlikte, neonatal alloimmün trombositopeni düşünüldü. Geç trombositopeni gözlenen hastaların trombositopeni nedenleri kültür pozitif sepsis (n=15), klinik sepsis (n=10), NEK (n=7),  TAR Sendromu (n=1), CMV enfeksiyonu (n=1) ve yalancı trombositopeni (n=5)  idi.

Sonuç: Çalışmamızda ilk 72 saat içinde tanı alan hastalarda trombositopeni genellikle gebelik veya doğum komplikasyonlarına bağlı iken, 72 saatten sonra tanı alan hastalar sıklıkla edinilmiş enfeksiyon veya nekrotizan enterokolitle ilişkilidir. Sonuç olarak, trombositopeninin erken veya geç olması etiyolojik açıdan önemlidir.  

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Trombositopeni, yenidoğan, sepsis

Kaynakça

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