Evaluation of patients diagnosed with diabetes mellitus hospitalized in pediatric endocrinology service between 2015-2019

Öz

Aim: We planned to determine the reasons for the hospitalization of patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) in the pediatric endocrinology service and examine the distribution of diabetes types by years. Material and method: Patients diagnosed with DM hospitalized in pediatric endocrinology service between January 2015 and January 2019 were retrospectively reviewed. Patients were grouped according to their diabetes types and diagnosis time as new or old diagnoses. The metabolic status of the newly diagnosed cases (hyperglycemia / ketosis / ketoacidosis) and reasons for rehospitalization of formerly diagnosed patients were recorded. Each of the repeated hospitalizations of the same patient was evaluated as a separate hospitalization. Results: A total of 787 admissions for patients with DM were identified. 90.6% of hospitalizations belonged to patients with Type 1 DM (T1DM) and 4.2% Type 2 DM (T2DM). The number of newly diagnosed T1DM patients has increased in the last 2 years. However, it was determined that the rate of referrals with ketoacidosis was gradually decreasing (p=0.03). 72.4% of the patients on diabetes follow-up were hospitalized for regulation of treatment and repeating of diabetes education because of the irregularity in blood glucose values and/or patient incompatibility during outpatient clinic controls and 6.3% were hospitalized due to the development of ketosis /ketoacidosis. Conclusion: As the prevalence of diabetes in children increases, the frequency of hospitalizations due to diabetes also increases. In relation to the increased awareness of diabetes in families, the rate of presentation with ketoacidosis has decreased in newly diagnosed T1DM. School studies and spots on this subject should continue to increase awareness about T2DM and obesity. Compliance with treatment should be evaluated regularly in followed-up patients and continuity of diabetes education should be ensured.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Children
• Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus
• Type 2 Diabetes mellitus

2015-2019 yılları arasında çocuk endokrinoloji servisine yatırılmış diyabetes mellitus tanılı olguların yatış durumlarının değerlendirilmesi

Öz

Amaç: Bu çalışmada 4 yıl süresince çocuk endokrinoloji servisinde yatırılarak izlenmiş diyabetes mellitus (DM) tanılı hastaların yatış nedenlerinin belirlenmesi ve diyabet tiplerininin yıllara göre dağılımının incelenmesi planlandı. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Ocak 2015-Ocak 2019 tarihleri arasında çocuk endokrinoloji servisine yatışı yapılmış DM tanılı hastaların dosyaları geriye dönük olarak incelendi. Hastalar diyabet tiplerine ve yeni/eski tanı olmalarına göre gruplandırıldıktan sonra, yeni tanı alan olguların başvurudaki metabolik durumları (hiperglisemi/ketoz/ketoasidoz) ve eski tanılı hastaların yeniden yatış nedenleri kaydedildi. Aynı hastanın tekrarlayan hastane yatışlarının her biri ayrı yatış olarak değerlendirildi. Bulgular: Diyabetes Mellitus tanılı hastalara ait toplamda 787 yatış belirlendi. Yatışların %90,6’sı Tip 1 diyabet (T1DM) ve %4,2’si Tip 2 diyabet (T2DM) tanılı hastalara aitti. Yeni tanı T1DM sayısının son 2 yılda arttığı ancak ketoasidozla başvurma oranının giderek düştüğü belirlendi (p=0,03). Takipli hastaların yatış nedenleri incelendiğinde yatışların %72,4’ünün poliklinik kontrolleri sırasında kan şekeri değerlerinde düzensizlik ve/veya hasta uyumsuzluğu görülmesi nedeniyle regülasyon ve diyabet eğitimi tekrarı amaçlı, %6,3’ünün ketoz/ketoasidoz gelişmesi nedeniyle yapıldığı gözlendi. Sonuçlar: Çocuklarda diyabet sıklığının artmasıyla birlikte diyabet nedeniyle hastaneye yatış sıklığı da artmaktadır. Ailelerde artan diyabet farkındalığı ile ilişkili olarak yeni tanı T1DM’de ketoasidozla başvuru oranı azalmıştır. Bu konudaki okul çalışmaları ve kamu spotlarına devam edilmeli ayrıca T2DM ve obezite konusunda bilinçliliğin arttırılması hedeflenmelidir. Takipli hastalarda tedaviye uyum düzenli olarak değerlendirilmeli ve diyabet eğitiminin sürekliliği sağlanmalıdır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Çocuklar
• Tip 1 diyabetes mellitus
• Tip 2 Diyabetes Mellitus

Kaynakça

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