Yoğun bakım hastalarının hemşirenin varlığını algılamalarında hemşirelere verilen çevresel stresörleri azaltmaya yönelik eğitimin etkisi

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 15 Sayı: 4, 613 - 625, 31.12.2024

Belgin Şen Atasayar , Sibel Erkal İlhan

https://doi.org/10.18663/tjcl.1559724

Öz

Amaç: Yoğun bakım ünitelerinin çevresel özellikleri hastalar için birçok stres faktörü içermektedir. Hemşirelerin yoğun bakım ünitelerinde hastayı etkileyen bu stres faktörlerini tanımaları ve çözümler geliştirmeleri oldukça önemlidir. Bu şekilde hastaların stres faktörlerine maruziyeti azalır ve hemşire tarafından önemsendiklerini hissederler. Bu çalışmanın amacı hemşirelere verilen çevresel stres faktörlerini azaltma eğitiminin yoğun bakım hastalarının hemşirenin varlığına ilişkin algıları üzerindeki etkisini incelemektir.
Gereç ve Yöntemler: Araştırma yarı deneysel, ayrı örneklem gruplu bir müdahale çalışmasıdır. Araştırma, kalp ve damar cerrahisi yoğun bakım ünitesinde çalışan hemşireler ve bu hemşirelerin bakım verdiği hastalar olmak üzere iki grupta yürütülmüştür. Araştırmanın örneklemini, kalp ve damar cerrahisi yoğun bakım ünitesinde çalışan hemşireler için toplam 13 hemşire ve hastalar için eğitim öncesi 33, eğitim sonrası 33 olmak üzere toplam 66 hasta oluşturmuştur. Hemşirelere yoğun bakım ortamında çevresel stresörleri azaltmak için 12 saatlik bir eğitim verilmiştir. Araştırma verileri, hemşirelerin bakım verdiği hastalarla eğitim öncesi ve sonrası görüşülerek toplanmıştır. Hastalardan toplanan veriler için ‘Hasta Bilgi Formu’, ‘Yoğun Bakım Ünitesi Çevresel Stresörler Ölçeği’, ‘Yoğun Bakım Deneyim Ölçeği’ ve ‘Hemşirenin Varlığı Ölçeği’ kullanılmıştır. Hemşirelere ait veriler ise ‘Hemşire Bilgi Formu’ ile elde edilmiştir. Çalışmada elde edilen verilerin analizinde SPSS 23.0 paket programı kullanılmıştır.
Bulgular: Hemşirelere verilen çevresel stres faktörünü azaltma eğitimi sonrasında, hastaların yoğun bakım ünitesinde hemşirenin varlığına ilişkin algılarında ve olumlu deneyimlerinde artış gözlenirken, yoğun bakım ünitesinde çevresel stres faktörlerinin algılanma düzeyinde anlamlı bir değişiklik görülmedi.
Sonuçlar: Yoğun bakım hemşirelerine verilen 12 saatlik eğitimin, hastaların hemşirenin varlığına ilişkin algılarını olumlu yönde etkilediği, hastaların olumlu yoğun bakım deneyimlerinde etkili olduğu ve hastaları etkileyen fizyopatolojik stres faktörleri üzerinde daha etkili olduğu sonucuna varıldı.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Hemşirenin Varlığı, Yoğun Bakım, Yoğun Bakım Hemşiresi, Yoğun Bakım Stresörleri

The effect of training on reducing environmental stressors given to nurses on intensive care patients' perception of the presence of the nurse

Öz

Aim: The environmental characteristics of intensive care units include many stressors for patients. It is very important for nurses to recognize these stressors affecting the patient in intensive care units and develop solutions. In this way, patients’ exposure to stressors decreases and they feel cared by the nurse. The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of training on reducing environmental stressors given to nurses on intensive care patients' perception of the presence of the nurse.
Material and Methods: The study is a quasi-experimental, separate sample group intervention study. The study was conducted in two groups: nurses working in the cardiovascular surgery intensive care unit and patients cared for by these nurses. The sample of the study consisted of 13 nurses working in the cardiovascular surgery intensive care unit and 66 patients, 33 before and 33 after the training. The nurses were given a 12-hour training to reduce environmental stressors in the intensive care environment. The study data were collected by interviewing the patients cared for by the nurses before and after the training. The ‘Patient Information Form’, ‘The Intensive Care Unit Environmental Stressors Scale’, ‘The Intensive Care Experience Scale’ and ‘The Nurse Presence Scale’ were used for the data collected from the patients. The data belonging to the nurses were obtained with the ‘Nurse Information Form’. SPSS 23.0 package program was used in the analysis of the data obtained in the study.
Results: After the environmental stress factor reduction training provided to the nurses, an increase was observed in patients' perceptions of the nurse's presence and positive experiences in the intensive care unit, while no significant change was seen in the level of perception of environmental stress factors in the intensive care unit
Conclusion: It was concluded that the 12-hour training given to intensive care nurses positively affected patients' perception of the presence of the nurse, was effective in patients' positive intensive care experiences and was more effective on physiopathologic stressors affecting patients.

Anahtar Kelimeler

: Presence of the Nurse, Intensive Care, Intensive Care Nurse, Intensive Care Stressors

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