Please note the following guidelines for preparing your manuscript.
Language: Turkish and English
All manuscripts must be in Turkish of Türkiye or in English of American English.

Article Types: Research articles, review articles, theoretical articles, and discussion papers
However, we recommend authors to be concise to make their work more discoverable.

Formatting of the Article and Images
● All submitted materials must be typed with 1.5 line spacing and ample margins. Only one side of the paper should be used.
● Certain sections of the article (abstract, references, tables, and figures) should be placed on separate pages and typed with 1.5 line spacing.
● The maximum length of articles is 8,000 words (6,000-8,000 words), including references.
● Every article should include a 150-200 word abstract in English.
● If the article is in Turkish, it should include an abstract both in Turkish and in English.
● Articles in Turkish should also include an extended summary stating the scope of the study, which should include a minimum of 750 or maximum of 1,000 words.
● Abstracts should include a minimum of three or maximum of five keywords.
● References should be listed in alphabetical order by authors’ last names. Multiple sources by the same author should appear in ascending chronological order. Only cited sources should be listed.
● Tables should follow the formatting used in the journal.

Reference Style: APA 7

Changes to Authorship: Please ensure that any changes to the authorship list are made before the manuscript is accepted. As the author, it is your responsibility to carefully consider the order and list of authors and provide a definitive list at the time of the initial submission.

Instructions to Authors
American Psychological Association (APA) Style
Our journal prioritizes the use of APA 7 reference style. The writing guide outlines regulations specific to the journal. Visit the original APA citation system website: https://apastyle.apa.org/style-grammar-guidelines/references/examples/ 

In-text Citations
Basic Format
(Author’s Last Name(s) or Organization, Year)

Direct Quotes
If you are quoting someone else's precise words, enclose the quote in quotation marks and include any sentence punctuation outside of the closing quotation mark.
● According to Abadan-Unat (2017), “Direct quote” (p. 102).
● Abadan-Unat (2017) found that “Direct quote” (p. 102).
● [Some other introduction] “Direct quote” (Abadan-Unat, 2017, p. 102).
● Abadan-Unat et al. (2017) argued that, “Direct quotes” (p. 102).

Note: If there are two or more works by the same author published in the same year, add the letter (a-z) after the year.
Kaya (2014a) stated that…
Kaya (2014c) summed up…

Note: If you are citing more than 40 words, use a block quotation and indent the whole block 0.5 inches.
Laguerre’s (2013) study found the following:
The interface of parliament with the globalization process, to the existence of which it contributes, calls into question the relevance of the traditional parliament and pinpoints the need for change so that parliament can respond efficiently to extraterritorial diaspora initiatives and interference in homeland politics (p. 3).

Note: Please keep in mind these guidelines for summarizing research studies. Instead of using direct quotes, focus on summarizing the main findings from multiple research studies.

Summarizing or Paraphrasing
When summarizing or paraphrasing, include the last name of the author(s) and the year of the publication. For example, according to Sheffer (2003), diasporas with links to their home country usually adopt the communalist strategy to establish diplomatic, economic, social, and political relationships with the host land. The format of in-text citations will vary depending on the number of authors and whether there is a group of authors.

One Author
You only need the author’s last name and the year.
● (Anaz, 2020)
● (Özkan, 2016, 2012, 2013)

Note: To cite a secondary source, provide a references list entry for the secondary source you are citing. In the text, identify the primary source and then write “as cited in” the secondary source that you used. If the year of publication is known for the primary source, also include it in the text.
● (Cohen & van Hear, 2020 as cited in Ceylan, 2021)

Two Authors
Link both authors’ last names with & (ampersand) and add the year.
● (Wegener & Petty, 1994)
If there are multiple works within the same reference by different authors, you need both authors’ last name and the year. List works alphabetically and separate references with a semicolon (;).
● (Aksel, 2014; Okyay, 2015)
● (Sheffer, 2003; Miller, Haas, & Castles, 2013; Dufoix, 2008; Vertovec, 1997; Butler, 2001)

Three or More Authors
If there are three or more authors, use et al., which means “and others”.
● (Harris et al., 2018)

Group of Authors
First time with an abbreviation: (Turkish Journal of Diaspora Studies [TJDS], 2021)
Then all subsequent citations: (TJDS, 2021)

Note: If you paraphrase from a specific page in the source, page number should be given.

References
Turkish Journal of Diaspora Studies advises authors to use APA style referencing when preparing their manuscripts. To ensure accuracy and consistency, references should be listed in alphabetical order based on authors’ last names. When referencing multiple sources from the same author, they should appear in ascending chronological order. Only cited sources should be included in the reference list.

Basic Format
Author, A. A., & Author, B. B. (Date). Title of the work. Source where you retrieve the work. URL or DOI if available

Book
1. Author(s)
List each author's last name and initials and use an ampersand (&) before the final author's name.
2. (Year)
3. Title of the Book
For whole authored works (e.g. books, reports), italicize the title. Only capitalize the first word of the title and subtitle and any appropriate nouns.
4. (Edition)
For whole edited books or volumes, use the abbreviations (ed.) or (vol.)
5. Publisher
You do not need to include the publisher location or databases where you retrieved it.
Example: Gamlen, A. (2019). Human Geopolitics. (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Edited Book
1. Editor(s) of Book
Last name and initials, use & for multiple editors. (Ed. or Eds.).
2. (Year)
3. Title of Book
Italicized
4. Publisher
5. DOI or Web Address
(if available)
Example: Abadan-Unat, N., & Mirdal, G. (Ed.). (2015). Emancipation in Exile: Perspectives on the Empowerment of Migrant Women. Istanbul Bilgi University Press.

Book Chapter with Editor(s)
1. Author(s)
List each chapter author’s last name and initials and use an ampersand (&) before the final author’s last name.
2. (Year)
3. Title of the Chapter
For works that are part of a greater whole (e.g. articles, chapter), use sentence case. Only the first word of the title and subtitle and appropriate nouns are capitalized.
4. In Editor(s)
List each editor’s last name and initials. Editors, include (Ed.) or (Eds.) in parentheses, and end with a comma.
5. Title of the Book
For whole authored works (e.g. books, reports), italicize the title. Only capitalize the first word of the title and subtitle and any appropriate nouns.
6. (pp.aa-bb)
7. Publisher
You do not need to include the publisher location or databases where you retrieved it.
Example: McCormack, B., McCance, T., & Maben, J. (2013). Outcome evaluation in the development of person-centered practice. In B. McCormack, K. Manley, & A. Titchen (Eds.), Practice development in nursing and healthcare (pp. 190-211). John Wiley & Sons.

Journal
1. Author(s)
List each author’s last name and initial and use an ampersand (&) before the final author’s name.
2. (Year)
3. Title of the Article
For works that are part of a greater whole (e.g. articles, chapter), use sentence case. Only the first word of the title and subtitle and appropriate nouns are capitalized.
4. Title of the Journal
Italicize and capitalize each word in the journal.
5. Volume
Italicize the journal volume. If there is no issue, include a comma before the page range.
6. (Issue)
If there is an issue number in addition to a volume number, include it in parentheses.
7. Page Range
8. DOI (Digital Object Identifier)
Example: Bodocan, V., & Egresi, I., (2021). Diaspora FDI: Why do returning migrants invest in their home countries and what are the main difficulties they face? The case of Romania. Turkish Journal of Diaspora Studies,1 (1), 20-48. https://doi.org/10.52241/TJDS.2021.0003 
Dissertation or Thesis

Thesis - from Website
1. Author
Last name, initial(s).
2. (Year)
3. Title of Dissertation or Thesis
Italicized
4. [Doctoral dissertation or master’s thesis, Institution]
5. Archive Name
Example: Köse, M. (2020). The Development of Diaspora Policies Through Political Participation of Turkish Diaspora. [Doctoral dissertation, Istanbul University]. https://tez.yok.gov.tr/UlusalTezMerkezi/ 

Thesis - from Database
1. Author
Last name, initials.
2. (Year)
3. Title of Thesis
Italicized (Publication No. - if available) [Doctoral dissertation or master's thesis, Institution]
4. Database Name
Example: Cebe, B. (2021). Integration of Turkish Migrants in the Context of Socio-Economic Discrimination in the Netherlands (Publication No. 10404528) [Master ‘s Thesis, Istanbul Medeniyet University]. Ulusal Tez Merkezi.

Web Page
1. Author(s)
List each author's last name and initials. If there is no author, spell out the name of the organization or site.
2. (Year, Month Date)
Provide as specific a date as is available. Use the date last updated, but not the date last reviewed or copyright date. If there is no date, use (n.d.).
3. Title of Page or Section
Italicized.
4. Source
Usually the official name of the website. If the source would be the same as the author, you can omit the source to avoid repetition.
5. URL
6. Date of Access
(Accessed on dd.mm.yyyy)
Example: Migration Data Portal. (2021, March 24). Citizenship and Migration. https://www.migrationdataportal.org/themes/citizenship-and-migration (Accessed on 19.08.2021).

Newspaper or Magazine
1. Author(s)
List each author's last name and initials and use an ampersand (&) before the final author's name.
2. (Year, Month Date)
You do not need to abbreviate the month.
3. Title of the Article
For works that are part of a greater whole (e.g. articles, chapter), use sentence case. Only the first word of the title and subtitle and appropriate nouns are capitalized.
4. Title of the Newspaper or Publication
Italicize and capitalize each word in the publication.
5. URL
6. Date of Access
(Accessed on dd.mm.yyyy)
Example: Abdullah, H. (2017, October 1). Turkey grants citizenship to over 500 Ahiska Turks. TRT World. https://www.trtworld.com/turkey/turkey-grants-citizenship-to-over-500-ahiska-turks-10983 (Accessed on 19.08.2021)

Online Report
1. Author(s)
List each author's last name and initials as. If there is no author, spell out the name of the organization that published the report.
2. (Year, Month Date)
Provide as specific a date as is available.
3. Title of the Report or Document
For works that stand alone (e.g. books, reports), italicize the title. Only capitalize the first word of the title and subtitle and any proper nouns.
4. Source
Includes the names of parent agencies or other organizations not listed in the group author name here.
5. URL
Example: Ünay, H. (2020, Aralık). Düzensiz Göçmenlerin Sınırı Geçme Deneyimleri ve Kararlılıklarının Analizi: Pazarkule Sınır Kapısı Örneği. Migration Research Foundation. https://gocvakfi.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/GAV-RAPOR-Hakan-U%CC%88nay-1.pdf 

Reference Style
All manuscripts should be prepared according to APA 7 Style.

Submission Checklist
Authors are required to carry out a final check of their submission complies with all the following items. Submissions that do not comply with these guidelines will be returned to the authors.
● The manuscript has never been published before and is not under consideration for publication elsewhere (alternatively, an explanation has been provided in a comment sent to the Editor).
● The manuscript is in Microsoft Word, RTF, or OpenOffice format.
● URLs are provided for cited sources whenever available.
● The manuscript is submitted with 1.5 line spacing. The font size for the body of the text is 12 pt. Italics are used instead of underscores (except for URLs). All images, figures, and tables are placed in the text at their appropriate points, not at the end.
● The manuscript is complied with the formatting and bibliographic requirements indicated in the Author Guidelines.
● All references mentioned in the Reference List are cited in the text, and vice versa.
● The author(s) uploaded the manuscript and Copyright Agreement Forms.

Submitting Article
The corresponding author should submit the article. All correspondence is sent to the corresponding author by e-mail via the journal system. For the purposes of double-blind review, make sure that you have suitably anonymized your manuscript and removed any self-identifying information.
Files to be submitted separately:
1. Full text of the article
2. Copyright Notice Text
3. Permissions obtained for previously published material, if used in the current article
4. Title Page

Author Declaration
I confirm that I am authorized by my co-authors to submit this work. This article is original and has not been published in any other peer-reviewed journal. It is also not under consideration by any other journal and does not infringe any existing copyright or any other third-party rights. I, along with all co-authors, agree that if editorially accepted for publication, the article shall be licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0). The copyright and intellectual property rights of the author(s) or, if any, the employer/institution of the author(s) are reserved. The author(s) assure(s) that the publisher is not responsible for any claim or action by a third party that the use or possession of any content submitted by the author(s) infringes the intellectual property of such third party, and the author(s) shall bear the full responsibility. The author(s) also confirm(s) that there is no criminal element or illegal expressions in the article, and that no unlawful materials or methods were used during the research.

Guide for Authors
Responsibility and Tasks of Author(s)

Authorship and Author Contributions
● Authorship should be limited to those individuals who have made a significant contribution to the research study's concept, design, execution, or interpretation.
● All individuals who have made such significant contributions should be included as co-authors. However, individuals who have only participated in specific aspects of the study should be acknowledged but not identified as co-authors.
● The corresponding author is responsible for ensuring that all co-authors have reviewed and approved the final version of the paper and have agreed to its submission for publication.
● Authors should consider the list and order of authors carefully before submitting their manuscript, and they must provide a definitive list of authors at the time of the original submission.
● Any addition, deletion, or rearrangement of author names in the authorship list should be made only before the manuscript has been accepted and must be approved by the journal editor.
● To request such a change, the corresponding author must provide the editor with
a) the reason for the change in author list and
b) written confirmation (e-mail) from all authors agreeing to the addition, removal, or rearrangement.
● The editor may only consider the addition, deletion, or rearrangement of authors after the manuscript has been accepted in exceptional circumstances. In such cases, all authors must agree with any addition, removal, or rearrangement.
● Finally, it is important to note that all authors must take collective responsibility for the work.

Changes to Authorship
Please ensure that any changes to the authorship, including adding, deleting, or rearranging author names in the authorship list, are made before the manuscript is accepted. Any such changes should be approved by the journal editor. To request such a change, the corresponding author must provide the following to the editor:
a) the reason for the change in author list, and
b) written confirmation (via email) from all authors stating that they agree with the addition, removal, or rearrangement.
Please note that adding, deleting, or rearranging authors after the manuscript has been accepted will only be considered in exceptional circumstances.

Standards for Reporting
Authors of original research are expected to provide an accurate account of the work conducted and an objective discussion of its significance. The paper should contain enough detail and references to enable others to replicate the work. Any fraudulent or knowingly inaccurate statements are considered unethical and unacceptable.

Originality
The author(s) must ensure that they have created entirely original works that have not previously been published and are not being considered for publication elsewhere in another language.

Acknowledgment of Sources
The author(s) must create entirely original works. If they have used the work and/or words of others, they should appropriately cite or quote them and obtain permission where necessary. Information obtained privately, such as through conversation, correspondence, or discussion with third parties, must not be used or reported without explicit, written permission from the source.

Data Access and Retention
The author(s) may be required to provide the research data of their study together with the manuscript for editorial review and/or to comply with the open data requirements of the journal. The author(s) should be willing to make the data publicly available if possible and maintain research data for a reasonable number of years after publication.

Multiple or Concurrent Publication
An author is advised not to publish manuscripts that describe the same research in more than one primary journal publication. Submitting the same manuscript to multiple journals simultaneously is considered unethical and unacceptable. Furthermore, an author must not submit a paper for consideration in another journal if it has been previously published, except as an abstract.

Research Involving Surveys and Interviews
If a research work requires ethical approval, the author must state that the relevant ethics committee provided approval. The approval must be documented and stated in the article. Additionally, the name of the ethics committee that approved the study protocol, the reference number, and the date must be specified in the methods section of the article and on the first or last page of the article. Moreover, the author should include a statement in the manuscript stating that informed consent was obtained from all subjects.

Conflicts of Interest
A conflict of interest refers to any financial or other interest that could significantly impair the individual's objectivity in performing their duties or create an unfair competitive advantage for any person or organization. All sources of financial support for conducting the research and/or preparing the article should be disclosed, along with the role of the sponsor(s). If the funding source(s) had no such involvement, then this should be stated. Potential conflicts of interest, such as employment, consultancies, and grants, should be disclosed at the earliest possible stage.

Notification of Fundamental Errors
If an author discovers a significant error or inaccuracy in their published work, they have a responsibility to inform the journal immediately. The author should work with the editor to correct or retract the paper if necessary. If the editor or publisher becomes aware of an error from a third party, the author must cooperate with the editor, providing any requested evidence.

Image Integrity
It is unacceptable to remove, delete, conceal, add, selectively enhance, or reposition elements within an image. Authors must adhere to the journal's policy regarding graphic images.