GİRİŞİMCİLİK ÖZ-YETERLİĞİ VE ERKEN AŞAMA GİRİŞİMCİLİK AKTİVİTESİ ARASINDAKİ İLİŞKİDE GİRİŞİMCİLİK NİYETİNİN ARACILIK ETKİSİ

Öz

Bu çalışma, girişimcilik öz-yeterliğinin erken aşama girişimcilik aktivitesiyle nasıl ilişkilendiğini çoklu ülke düzeyinde incelemektedir. Buna bağlı olarak, bu ilişkinin girişimcilik niyeti üzerinden ilerleyip ilerlemediği aracılık yaklaşımıyla test edilmektedir. Kuramsal dayanak iki teoriye dayanmaktadır. Planlı Davranış Teorisi niyeti davranışın en yakın belirleyicisi olarak görmektedir; Sosyal Bilişsel Teori ise öz-yeterliği motivasyonel süreçleri besleyen temel bir bilişsel kaynak olarak ele almaktadır. Analiz, GEM verilerinden 2010–2018 döneminde kesintisiz gözlemi bulunan 20 ülkeye ait ülke-yıl göstergeleri kullanılarak yürütülmüştür. Bulgular, öz-yeterliğin girişimcilik niyetiyle pozitif ilişkili olduğunu ve niyetin de erken aşama girişimcilik aktivitesiyle pozitif ilişki sergilediğini göstermektedir. Buna ek olarak, dolaylı etki sonuçları niyetin aracı rolünü desteklemektedir. Bu sonuçlar, öz-yeterlikten girişimsel davranışa geçişin ülke düzeyinde de büyük ölçüde niyet mekanizması üzerinden işlediğine işaret etmektedir. Dolayısıyla çalışma, bilişsel kaynakların makro düzey girişimcilik çıktılarıyla sistematik biçimde bağlantılandığını gösteren kanıtları güçlendirmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Girişimcilik Öz-Yeterliği
• Girişimcilik Niyeti
• Erken Aşama Girişimcilik Aktivitesi
• Aracılık Analizi
• GEM

THE MEDIATING EFFECT OF ENTREPRENEURIAL INTENTION IN THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ENTREPRENEURIAL SELF-EFFICACY AND EARLY-STAGE ENTREPRENEURIAL ACTIVITY

Öz

This study examines the association between entrepreneurial self-efficacy and early-stage entrepreneurial activity at the cross-country level. Accordingly, it tests whether entrepreneurial intention mediates this association. The theoretical framework integrates the Theory of Planned Behavior, which positions intention as the most proximal determinant of behavior, and Social Cognitive Theory, which conceptualizes self-efficacy as a core cognitive resource underpinning motivational process. The analysis draws on country-year indicators from the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM) for 20 countries with continuous data coverage over 2010–2018. The findings indicate that entrepreneurial self-efficacy is positively related to entrepreneurial intention, and that entrepreneurial intention is positively related to early-stage entrepreneurial activity. In turn, the indirect-effect evidence supports the mediating role of intention. These results suggest that the translation of self-efficacy into entrepreneurial action operates through an intention mechanism even at the country level, thereby strengthening evidence that cognitive resources are systematically linked to macro-level entrepreneurial outcomes.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Entrepreneurial Self-Efficacy
• Entrepreneurial Intention
• Early-Stage Entrepreneurial Activity
• Mediation Analysis
• GEM

Kaynakça

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