Türkiye’nin yarı kurak bir bölgesinde farklı arazi kullanımları altında toprak organik karbon miktarı ve bazı toprak özelliklerinin değerlendirilmesi

Öz

Bu çalışmada Türkiye'nin yarı kurak bir bölgesindeki birbirine komşu farklı Arazi Kullanım Türlerinin ve Arazi Örtüsünün (AKT/AÖ) toprak özellikleri üzerindeki etkileri araştırılmıştır. Toprak özellikleri üst toprakta (0-15 cm derinlik) 50 m örnekleme mesafesine sahip bir grid sistemine göre ölçülmüştür. Veriler, Ordinary Kriging/Spherical jeoistatistiksel model kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Araştırma alanında Toprak Organik Karbonu (TOK), pH, hacim ağırlığı ve kum miktarının AKT/AÖ’ne göre istatistiksel bakımdan farklı olduğu belirlenmiştir. Üst topraklar TOK depolama kapasitesi bakımından, AKT/AÖ’ye göre istatistiksel bakımdan önemli (P<0.05) fark göstermiştir. Dört farklı AKT/AÖ’deki TOK depolama sıralaması tarım < mera < sarıçam ormanı = Uludağ göknarı ormanı şeklinde olmuştur. AKT/AÖ değişimi sadece üst topraklarda değil, aynı zamanda alt toprakların özelliklerinde önemli ölçüde değiştirmektedir. Uzun süreli tarımsal faaliyet etkisi ile doğal orman topraklarının bazı fiziksel ve kimyasal özelliklerinin önemli ölçüde değiştiği tespit edilmiştir. AKT/AÖ değişimi TOK depolama kapasitesi bakımından önemli aynı zamanda tarım arazilerini depolama kapasitesinin artırılması da gerekmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Arazi yönetimi
• Ekosistemin antropojenik dönüşümü
• Karbon
• Toprak

Assessing amount of soil organic carbon and some soil properties under different land uses in a semi-arid region of northern Türkiye

Öz

The objective of this study is to investigate the effects of representative land use types and land cover (LUT/LC) of heavily deforested areas on soil properties in semi-arid region of Türkiye. Some of the soil properties have been measured on a grid with a 50 m sampling distance on the top-soil (0-15 cm depth). Data has been analyzed by using Ordinary Kriging/Spherical geostatistical model. Results indicated that the soil properties differed in terms of organic carbon (SOC), pH, bulk density, and the amount of sand, depending on the land uses in the study areas. The SOC concentration of top-soil layers has referred a significant difference (P<0.05) according to the land use type. Top-soil SOC concentrations in the four LUTLCs have been in the following order: cultivated areas < grasslands < Scotch pine stands = Uludağ fir stands. The impacts of LUTLC change on SOC and soil properties have not been restricted to the soil surface; however, relative changes have equally been high in the sub-soil, stressing the importance of sufficiently deep sampling. Furthermore, it has been determined that some physical and chemical characteristics of the natural forest soil have been significantly changed after long term and continuous cultivation. SOC loss is remarkable under the land use conversion while cropland has considerable potential to sequester SOC.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Land management
• Anthropogenic conversion of ecosystem
• Carbon
• Soil

Kaynakça

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