Nijerya Orman Araştırma Enstitüsü’nde yerli tür deneme plantasyonlarında yaşa bağlı meşcere verimliliği, karbon depolama ve ağaç büyüme özellikleri

Öz

Plantasyonlar, hızlı büyüme potansiyelleri ve yüksek verimlilikleri sayesinde endüstriyel oduna yönelik ulusal ve küresel talebin karşılanmasında önemli bir yere sahiptir. Doğal ormanlardan 3 ila 10 kat daha fazla biyokütle üretebilmeleri nedeniyle iklim değişikliğiyle mücadelede de önemli yere sahiptirler. Bu çalışmada, Nijerya Orman Araştırma Enstitüsü'ndeki farklı yaşlardaki Nauclea diderrichii ve Terminalia ivorensis plantasyonlarının büyüme özellikleri, verimlilikleri ve karbon depolama kapasiteleri incelenmiştir. Büyüme parametreleri, her iki türe ait 6 ile 24 yaş aralığındaki plantasyonlardan seçilen 25 m x 25 m boyutundaki örnek alanlarda ölçülmüştür. Biyokütle verileri tahribatsız ölçüm yöntemleriyle elde edilmiştir. Ortalama göğüs çapı (DBH), T. ivorensis meşcerelerinde 13,3 cm (6 yaş) ile 37 cm (24 yaş) arasında ve N. diderrichii meşcerelerinde 18,3 cm (13 yaş) ile 22,4 cm (14 yaş) arasında değişirken; ortalama boylar sırasıyla 10,1 m - 21,2 m ve 16,5 m - 17,8 m aralığındadır. Her iki tür de yüksek derecede ticari kullanılabilirlik göstermiş olup, türler arasında istatistiksel anlamda bir farklılık tespit edilmemiştir (T. ivorensis'te %66,5 - %81,4 ve N. diderrichii'de %77,0 - %77,2). T. ivorensis plantasyonlarında ortalama göğüs yüzeyi, hacim, biyokütle ve karbon stoku sırasıyla: 9,4 - 19,4 m²/ha, 63,5 - 252 m³/ha, 48,8 t/ha - 188,6 t/ha ve 24,4 t/ha - 94,3 t/ha olarak belirlenirken, N. diderrichii plantasyonlarında bu değerler 12,0 m²/ha - 12,1 m²/ha, 118,4 m³/ha - 195,8 m³/ha, 187,0 t/ha - 214,6 t/ha ve 93,5 t/ha - 107,3 t/ha’dır. Bu iki ağaç türü, diğer bazı tropikal plantasyon ağaç türleri ile karşılaştırıldığında iyi bir büyüme hızı ve verimlilik sergilemektedir. N. diderrichii ve T. ivorensis meşcerelerinin verimliliği, ticari kullanılabilirliği, biyokütlesi ve karbon stoku; bu türlerin kaliteli kereste üretimi, karbon tutumu ve iklim değişikliği ile mücadele açısından uygun türler olduğunu göstermektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Karbon depolama
• İklim değişikliği
• Plantasyon
• Büyüme özellikleri
• Piyasaya uygunluk

Tree growth characteristics, stand productivity and carbon storage in age series indigenous species demonstration plantations in Forest Research Institute of Nigeria

Öz

Forest plantations are important in meeting national and global demand for industrial wood due to their fast growth rate and high productivity. They can produce 3–10 times higher biomass than natural forests, making them important for climate change mitigation. We examined the growth characteristics, productivity and carbon storage of age series Nauclea diderrichii and Terminalia ivorensis plantations at Forestry Research Institute of Nigeria. Tree growth variables were measured in 25 m x 25 m temporary sample plots selected from 6 to 24 years plantations of the two species. Biomass data were obtained through non-destructive means. Mean diameter at breast height (DBH) ranged from 13.3 cm (6 years) - 37 cm (24 years) in T. ivorensis and 18.3 cm (13 years) - 22.4 cm (14 years) in N. diderrichii stands while mean total height varied from 10.1 m - 21.2 m and 16.5 m - 17.8 m in respective plantations of the two species. Both species demonstrated a high degree of merchantability, with no difference between them (66.5 - 81.4% in T. ivorensis and 77.0 - 77.2% in N. diderrichiii). Mean basal area, volume, biomass and carbon stock in T. ivorensis stands were: 9.4 - 19.4 m2/ha, 63.5 - 252 m3/ha, 48.8 t/ha - to 188.6 t/ha and 24.4 t/ha - 94.3 t/ha, respectively while they were 12.0 m2/ha - 12.1 m2/ha, 118.4 m3/ha - 195.8 m3/ha, 187.0 t/ha - 214.6 t/ha and 93.5 t/ha - 107.3 t/ha in N. diderrichii plantations. The two tree species have a good growth rate and productivity when compared with some tropical plantation tree species. The productivity, merchantability, biomass and carbon stock of N. diderrichii and T. ivorensis stands are indicating their suitability as candidates for good quality timber, carbon sequestration and climate change mitigation.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Carbon storage
• Climate change
• Forest plantation
• Growth characteristics
• Merchantability

Kaynakça

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