Lif levha üretiminde dolgu maddesi olarak fıstık kabuğu kullanımı

Öz

Bu çalışmada, yer fıstığı kabuklarının lif levha üretiminde termomekanik hamur (TMP) yöntemi ile rafine edilerek ve Wiley değirmeninde öğütülerek değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu kapsamda gerçekleştirilen deneyler; holoselüloz, alfa selüloz, lignin ve kül gibi kimyasal içeriklerinin belirlenmesi, alkol, sıcak su, soğuk su, %1'lik sodyum hidroksit çözeltisindeki çözünürlüklerinin tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca liflerin lif uzunluğu, genişliği, lümen genişliği, hücre duvarı kalınlığı, keçeleşme oranı, elastikiyet oranı, rijitlik oranı, Runkel oranı ve "F" faktörü gibi morfolojik özellikleri de incelenmiştir. Yer fıstığı kabuğu örnekleri 100 °C'de sıcak su ile 10 dakika ön işleme tabi tutulmuş ve laboratuvar ölçekli bir rafinörde liflendirilmiştir. Ayrıca bir kısım fıstık kabuğu örneği ise öğütülerek toz haline getirilmiştir. Orta yoğunluklu lif levha (MDF) üretimi için ahşap liflerine farklı oranlarda (%5, %10, %15, Kg/Kg) fıstık kabuğu TMP lifleri ve toz örnekleri eklenmiştir. Lif levha örneklerinin yoğunluk, su alma, kalınlığa şişme, elastikiyet modülü (MOE), eğilme direnci (MOR) ve iç yapışma direnci gibi bazı fiziksel ve mekanik özellikleri belirlenmiş ve istatistiksel olarak analiz edilmiştir. Fıstık kabuklarının lif özelliklerinin kağıt yapımından daha çok odun kompozitlerinin üretimi için uygun olduğu bulunmuştur. Sonuçlara göre, rafinasyon işlemine fıstık kabuğu TMP liflerinin eklenmesinin kalınlık şişmesinde iyileştirdiği, ancak test edilen diğer değerlerde istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir değişiklik olmadığı bulunmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Lif levha
• Mekaniksel özellikler
• Yer fıstığı kabuğu
• Fiziksel özellikler

Using peanut shell added as filler for producing fiberboard

Öz

In this study, the shells of peanuts were refined with the thermomechanical pulping (TMP) method and ground with a Wiley mill to evaluate for fiberboard production. The experiments carried out within this scope are; determining of chemical contents such as holocellulose, alpha cellulose, lignin and ash, and solubility’s in alcohol, hot water, cold water, and 1% sodium hydroxide solution. Also, morphological properties such as fiber length, width, lumen width, cell wall thickness, slenderness ratio, flexibility ratio, rigidity ratio, Runkel ratio and “F” factor of the fibres were studied. Peanut shell samples were pretreated with hot water at 100 °C for 10 min and refined with a lab-scale refiner. In addition to a part of peanut shell samples were milled to obtain powder samples. Peanut shell TMP fibers and powder samples were added at different ratios (5%, 10%, 15%, w/w) to the wooden fibers for medium density fiberboard (MDF) production. Some physical and mechanical properties of fiberboard samples, such as density, water absorption, thickness swelling, modulus of elasticity (MOE), bending strength (MOR), and internal bond strength were determined and analysed statistically. The fiber properties of peanut shells were found to be more suitable for the production of wood composite materials than for papermaking. According to results, it was found that the addition of peanut shell TMP fibers into the refining process led to an improvement in the thickness swelling, while there was no statistically significant change in the other tested values.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Fiberboards
• Mechanical properties
• Peanut shells
• Physical properties

Kaynakça

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