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The chestnut growing hotspot of Turkey in danger: introduction of the Asian chestnut gall wasp into Aegean region

Yıl 2021, , 62 - 64, 26.03.2021
https://doi.org/10.18182/tjf.835221

Öz

Asian chestnut gall wasp, Dryocosmus kuriphilus Yasumatsu (Hymenoptera, Cynipidae), is an important pest of Castanea species worldwide. Adults emerge in summer and lay eggs in a few days. Severe infestations may reduce chestnut and timber production. It was first recorded in Europe in 2002 from Italy. In April 2014, it was recorded in Turkey for the first time in Marmara region (Yalova, north-western Turkey). Despite quarantine measures, infected chestnut saplings were sold from this region to several growers in western Turkey (Aydın and İzmir) in 2018. Although most of these saplings were removed and burned shortly after planting, some planted saplings could not be detected and some adult emergences may have occurred before the sapling removal, we had accepted hypothetically the Asian chestnut gall wasp was introduced in the region. Confirming this hypothesis, we detected the pest in a private chestnut orchard in 2020 in İzmir. Although, to date, we have not found it in adjacent natural chestnut stands, it will most probably increase in the whole region in the near future. As the largest private chestnut orchards of Turkey occur in this region, the Asian chestnut gall wasp invasion in the region will have serious socioeconomic consequences. Accordingly, we began to inform growers and foresters in the region, and to develop pest management strategies.

Teşekkür

Authors thank to Mehmet Selçuk, owner of the chestnut orchard, where the observations were conducted, and to two anonymous reviewers of the earlier version of the manuscript.

Kaynakça

  • Azmaz, M., Katılmış, Y., 2020. New infestation of Asian chestnut gall wasp in Eastern Black Sea Region, Turkey: a potential threat to natural regional chestnut population. Acta Biologica Turcica, 33(4): 205-210.
  • Battisti, A., Benvegnu, I., Colombari, F., Haack, R.A., 2013. Invasion by the chestnut gall wasp in Italy causes significant yield loss in Castanea sativa nut production. Agricultural and Forest Entomology, doi: 10.1111/afe.12036.
  • Brussino, G., Bosio, G., Baudino, M., Giordano, R., Ramello, F., Melika, G., 2002. Pericoloso insetto esotico per il castagno europeo. Informatore Agrario, 58, 59-61.
  • Çetin, G., Orman, E., Polat, Z., 2014. First record of the oriental chestnut gall wasp, Dryocosmus kuriphilus Yasumatsu (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae) in Turkey. Bulletin of Plant Protection, 54(4): 303-309.
  • EPPO, 2005. Dryocosmus kuriphilus. EPPO Bulletin, 35: 422-424.
  • FAO, 2002. Inventory of chestnut research, germplasm and references. Regional Office for Europe, 186 p.
  • Graziosi, I., Santi, F., 2008. Chestnut gall wasp (Dryocosmus kuriphilus): spreading in Italy and new records in Bologna province. Bulletin of Insectology, 61(2): 343-348.
  • İpekdal, K., Coşkuncu, K.S., Aytar, F., Doğanlar, M., 2014. Chestnut Gall Wasp Dryocosmus kuriphilus Yasumatsu (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae): An update for its situation on the world and in Turkey and its management. Türkiye Entomoloji Bülteni, 4(4): 241-257.
  • Mattoni, C., Matin, M.A., Pollegioni, P., Cherubini, M., Villani, F., 2013. Microsatellite markers reveal a strong geographical structure in European populations of Castanea sativa (Fagaceae): evidence for multiple glacial refugia. American Journal of Botany, 100(5): 951-961.
  • OGM, 2013. Chestnut Action Plan 2013-2017. Orman Genel Müdürlüğü, 60 pp.
  • ÖCE-Ödemiş Commodity Exchange, 2018. Chestnut Sectoral Report, İzmir, https://www.otb.org.tr/dosyalar/sektorelraporlar/kestane.pdf
  • Rieske, L.K., 2007. Success of an exotic gallmaker, Dryocosmus kuriphilus, on chestnut in the USA: a historical account. EPPO Bulletin, 37: 172-174.
  • Villani, F., Pigliucci, M., Cherubini, M., 1994. Evolution of Castanea sativa Mill, in Turkey and Europe. Genetics Research, 63(2): 109-116.

Türkiye’nin kestane üretim merkezi tehlike altında: Kestane gal arısının Ege Bölgesi’ne girişi

Yıl 2021, , 62 - 64, 26.03.2021
https://doi.org/10.18182/tjf.835221

Öz

Kestane gal arısı, Dryocosmus kuriphilus Yasumatsu (Hymenoptera, Cynipidae), dünya genelinde kestane türlerinin önemli bir zararlısıdır. Erginleri yaz aylarında çıkmakta ve birkaç gün içinde yumurta bırakmaktadır. Kestane gal arısı yoğun istila durumunda kestane meyvesi ve odun üretimini azaltabilmektedir. Avrupa’daki ilk kaydı 2002 yılında İtalya’da yapılmıştır. Türkiye’de ise ilk olarak Nisan 2014’te Marmara Bölgesi’nde (Yalova) tespit edilmiştir. Karantina tedbirlerine rağmen 2018 yılında bu bölgeden Aydın ve İzmir’e, üzerinde kestane gal arısı galleri bulunan kestane fidan satışı yapılmıştır. Her ne kadar bu fidanların büyük bir kısmı, dikildikten kısa bir süre sonra imha edilmişse de, bazı fidanların tespitinin yapılamadığını ve bazı ergin çıkışlarının imhadan önce gerçekleşmiş olabileceğini göz önünde bulundurarak kestane gal arısının bu bölgeye bulaştığını varsaymıştık. Zararlıyı 2020 yılında İzmir’de tespit ederek bu varsayımı doğrulamış olduk. Zararlıyı civardaki doğal meşcerelerde tespit edememiş olsak da zararlının yakın bir gelecekte tüm bölgede artacağı söylenebilir. Özel kestanelikler bakımından Türkiye’nin en önemli bölgesi olması bakımından, ketane gal arısı istilasının bu bölgede ciddi sosyoekonomik sonuçları olacaktır. Bu nedenle bölgedeki üretici ve ormancıların bilgilendirilmesine ve mücadele stratejilerinin geliştirilmesine başlanmıştır.

Kaynakça

  • Azmaz, M., Katılmış, Y., 2020. New infestation of Asian chestnut gall wasp in Eastern Black Sea Region, Turkey: a potential threat to natural regional chestnut population. Acta Biologica Turcica, 33(4): 205-210.
  • Battisti, A., Benvegnu, I., Colombari, F., Haack, R.A., 2013. Invasion by the chestnut gall wasp in Italy causes significant yield loss in Castanea sativa nut production. Agricultural and Forest Entomology, doi: 10.1111/afe.12036.
  • Brussino, G., Bosio, G., Baudino, M., Giordano, R., Ramello, F., Melika, G., 2002. Pericoloso insetto esotico per il castagno europeo. Informatore Agrario, 58, 59-61.
  • Çetin, G., Orman, E., Polat, Z., 2014. First record of the oriental chestnut gall wasp, Dryocosmus kuriphilus Yasumatsu (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae) in Turkey. Bulletin of Plant Protection, 54(4): 303-309.
  • EPPO, 2005. Dryocosmus kuriphilus. EPPO Bulletin, 35: 422-424.
  • FAO, 2002. Inventory of chestnut research, germplasm and references. Regional Office for Europe, 186 p.
  • Graziosi, I., Santi, F., 2008. Chestnut gall wasp (Dryocosmus kuriphilus): spreading in Italy and new records in Bologna province. Bulletin of Insectology, 61(2): 343-348.
  • İpekdal, K., Coşkuncu, K.S., Aytar, F., Doğanlar, M., 2014. Chestnut Gall Wasp Dryocosmus kuriphilus Yasumatsu (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae): An update for its situation on the world and in Turkey and its management. Türkiye Entomoloji Bülteni, 4(4): 241-257.
  • Mattoni, C., Matin, M.A., Pollegioni, P., Cherubini, M., Villani, F., 2013. Microsatellite markers reveal a strong geographical structure in European populations of Castanea sativa (Fagaceae): evidence for multiple glacial refugia. American Journal of Botany, 100(5): 951-961.
  • OGM, 2013. Chestnut Action Plan 2013-2017. Orman Genel Müdürlüğü, 60 pp.
  • ÖCE-Ödemiş Commodity Exchange, 2018. Chestnut Sectoral Report, İzmir, https://www.otb.org.tr/dosyalar/sektorelraporlar/kestane.pdf
  • Rieske, L.K., 2007. Success of an exotic gallmaker, Dryocosmus kuriphilus, on chestnut in the USA: a historical account. EPPO Bulletin, 37: 172-174.
  • Villani, F., Pigliucci, M., Cherubini, M., 1994. Evolution of Castanea sativa Mill, in Turkey and Europe. Genetics Research, 63(2): 109-116.
Toplam 13 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Bölüm Diğer
Yazarlar

Melih Mıcık 0000-0003-3193-1580

İkbal Meltem Özçankaya 0000-0002-5144-8345

Fikriye Öçal 0000-0002-1013-8535

Kahraman İpekdal 0000-0001-9968-3013

Yayımlanma Tarihi 26 Mart 2021
Kabul Tarihi 8 Ocak 2021
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2021

Kaynak Göster

APA Mıcık, M., Özçankaya, İ. M., Öçal, F., İpekdal, K. (2021). The chestnut growing hotspot of Turkey in danger: introduction of the Asian chestnut gall wasp into Aegean region. Turkish Journal of Forestry, 22(1), 62-64. https://doi.org/10.18182/tjf.835221
AMA Mıcık M, Özçankaya İM, Öçal F, İpekdal K. The chestnut growing hotspot of Turkey in danger: introduction of the Asian chestnut gall wasp into Aegean region. Turkish Journal of Forestry. Mart 2021;22(1):62-64. doi:10.18182/tjf.835221
Chicago Mıcık, Melih, İkbal Meltem Özçankaya, Fikriye Öçal, ve Kahraman İpekdal. “The Chestnut Growing Hotspot of Turkey in Danger: Introduction of the Asian Chestnut Gall Wasp into Aegean Region”. Turkish Journal of Forestry 22, sy. 1 (Mart 2021): 62-64. https://doi.org/10.18182/tjf.835221.
EndNote Mıcık M, Özçankaya İM, Öçal F, İpekdal K (01 Mart 2021) The chestnut growing hotspot of Turkey in danger: introduction of the Asian chestnut gall wasp into Aegean region. Turkish Journal of Forestry 22 1 62–64.
IEEE M. Mıcık, İ. M. Özçankaya, F. Öçal, ve K. İpekdal, “The chestnut growing hotspot of Turkey in danger: introduction of the Asian chestnut gall wasp into Aegean region”, Turkish Journal of Forestry, c. 22, sy. 1, ss. 62–64, 2021, doi: 10.18182/tjf.835221.
ISNAD Mıcık, Melih vd. “The Chestnut Growing Hotspot of Turkey in Danger: Introduction of the Asian Chestnut Gall Wasp into Aegean Region”. Turkish Journal of Forestry 22/1 (Mart 2021), 62-64. https://doi.org/10.18182/tjf.835221.
JAMA Mıcık M, Özçankaya İM, Öçal F, İpekdal K. The chestnut growing hotspot of Turkey in danger: introduction of the Asian chestnut gall wasp into Aegean region. Turkish Journal of Forestry. 2021;22:62–64.
MLA Mıcık, Melih vd. “The Chestnut Growing Hotspot of Turkey in Danger: Introduction of the Asian Chestnut Gall Wasp into Aegean Region”. Turkish Journal of Forestry, c. 22, sy. 1, 2021, ss. 62-64, doi:10.18182/tjf.835221.
Vancouver Mıcık M, Özçankaya İM, Öçal F, İpekdal K. The chestnut growing hotspot of Turkey in danger: introduction of the Asian chestnut gall wasp into Aegean region. Turkish Journal of Forestry. 2021;22(1):62-4.