Sarıçam ve doğu ladini odunlarının bazı fiziksel ve mekaniksel özellikleri üzerine sıvı azot işleminin etkileri

Yıl 2017, Cilt: 18 Sayı: 4, 309 - 313, 28.12.2017

Huseyin Yorur , Kadir Kayahan , Muhammed Nuri Günay , Suat Altun , Belgin Şeker

https://doi.org/10.18182/tjf.341516

Cited By: 1

Öz

Ağaç malzeme, ahşap yapı sektörü, kent mobilyası ve iç mekân
tasarımından mobilya sektörüne kadar yaygın olarak kullanılan yenilenebilir bir
kaynaktır.  Ağaç malzeme, yanma ve
biyolojik faktörlere dayanım açısından bazı olumsuz özelliklere sahiptir.
Özellikle ahşap yapı ve kent mobilyalarında kullanılan ağaç malzemeler, ürünün
ömrünü uzatmak için yanmaya ve biyolojik faktörlere karşı kaplanır ve/veya
emprenye edilir. Emprenye işleminde retensiyonun arttırılması yanmaya karşı
dayanımı da arttırır. Bu çalışmada sıvı nitrojen uygulamasının retensiyona
etkisi incelenmiştir. Sarıçam ve Doğu ladin odunları vakum-basınç metoduyla
firetex ile emprenye işlemi öncesi 30 dakika süreyle sıvı nitrojene maruz
bırakılmıştır. Sonuçlara göre retensiyon miktarı, doğu ladini ve sarıçam
örneklerinde sıvı nitrojen uygulaması ile arttırılmıştır. Ayrıca, sıvı azotun
mekanik özellikler üzerinde önemli bir olumsuz etkisi olmadığı görülmüştür. Bu
nedenle, sıvı azot muamelesi, odunun emprenye edilebilirliğini iyileştirmek
için etkili bir yöntem olarak uygulanabilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Emprenye, Retensiyon, Azot, Firetex, Mekanik mukavemet

The effects of liquid nitrogen treatment on the some physical and mechanical properties of scots pine and oriental spruce wood

Öz

The wood materials widely used from wood construction
sector, urban furniture and interior design to furniture sector are renewable
resource. Wood has some disadvantages regarding durability to combustion and
biological factors. To increase service life especially in urban furniture are
coated and/or impregnated against to fire and biological factors. Thus, the
wood materials used in construction sector should be treated with
fire-retardant chemicals. In this study; Scots pine and Oriental spruce wood materials
were exposed to liquid nitrogen for 30 minutes before impregnated with Firetex
by using pressure-vacuum method. According to the results, amount of retention
in Oriental spruce and Scots pine samples have been increased with liquid
nitrogen treatment. Additionally, it was seen that the liquid nitrogen
operation had not significant adverse effect on the mechanical properties.
Therefore, the liquid nitrogen treatment can apply effectively as a method to
improve the impregnability of the wood.  

Anahtar Kelimeler

Retention, Impregnation, Nitrogen, Firetex, Mechanical strength

Kaynakça

• ASTM-D 1413-07, 2007. Standard test method of testing wood preservatives by laboratory soil-block cultures. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, ASTM Standards, West Conshohocken, PA, USA.
• Balıkesir University., 2004. Basic Sciences Application and Research Center, Test Report, No: 4.
• Baysal, E., 2003. Fire properties of Beech wood impregnated with fire retardants and natural extractives. Firat University, Journal of Science and Engineering, 15(1): 163-174.
• Bozkurt, A.Y., Göker, Y., Erdin, N., 1993. Emprenye Tekniği. İstanbul Üniversitesi Orman Fakültesi Yayınları, 3779/425. Breyer, D.E., 1993. Design of Wood Structures. New York, USA: McGaw Hill, Inc.; 902p. ISBN 0-07-007678-2.
• Durmaz, S., Yildiz, U.C., Yildiz, S., 2015. Alkaline enzyme treatment of spruce wood to increase permeability. BioResources, 10(3):4403-4410.
• Erickson, H.D., 1970. Permeability of southern pine wood-A review. Wood Science, 2(3): 149-158. Flynn, K.A., 1995. A review of the permeability, fluid flow, and anatomy of spruce (Picea spp.). Wood Fiber Sci., 27(3): 278-284.
• He, S., Lin, L., Fu, F., Zhou, Y., Fan, M., 2014. Microwave treatment for enhancing the liquid permeability of Chinese fir. BioResources, 9(2): 1924-1938.
• Hill, C.A. 2007. Wood Modification: Chemical, Thermal and Other Processes. John Wiley & Sons, England Jiang, J.L., Lu, J.X., 2008. Dynamic viscoelasticity of wood after various drying processes. Drying Technology, 26(5): 537-543.
• Keith. C.T., Chauret, G., 1988. Anatomical studies of CCA penetration associated with conventional (tooth) and with micro (needle) incising. Wood Fiber Sci., 20(2): 197-208.
• Kesik, H.İ., Aydoğan, H., Çağatay, K., Özkan, O.E., Maraz, E., 2015. Fire Properties of Scots Pine Impregnated with Firetex. ICOEST International Conference on Environmental Science and Technology, Sarajevo, BH.
• Kollman, F., 1968. Principles of Wood Science and Technology: Solid wood. Springer-Verlag Berlin.
• Kurodan, N., Siau, J.F., 1988. Evidence of nonlinear flow in softwoods from wood permeability measurements. Wood Fiber Sci., 20(1): 162-169.
• Maschek, D., Goodell, B., Jellison, J., Lessard, M., Militz, H., 2013. A new approach for the study of the chemical composition of bordered pit membranes: 4pi and confocal laser scanning microscopy. American Journal of Botany 100(9): 1751- 1756. DOI: 10.3732/ajb.1300004
• Örs, Y., Atar, M., Peker, H., 1999. Bazı emprenye maddelerinin sarıçam ve Doğu kayını odunlarının yoğunluklarına etkileri. Doğa Türk Tarım ve Ormancılık Dergisi, 23(5): 1169-1179.
• Özcan, C., Kurt, Ş., Esen, R., Korkmaz, M., 2016. The determinate combustion properties of fir wood impregnated with fire-retardants. The Online Journal of Science and Technology-July, 6(3).
• Özçifçi, A., Örs, Y., Uysal, B., 2007. Determination of some physical and mechanical properties of laminated veneer lumber impregnated with boron compounds. Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 105: 2218–2224.
• Panek, M., Reinprecht, L., Mamonova, M., 2013. Trichoderma viride for Improving Spruce Wood Impregnability. BioResources, 8(2):1731-1746. DOI: 10.15376/biores.8.2.1731-1746
• Petty, J.A., 1972. The aspiration of bordered pits in conifer wood. Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B Biol. Sci., 181: 395 – 406. Perçin, O., Sofuoglu, S.D., Uzun, O., 2015. Effects of boron impregnation and heat treatment on some mechanical properties of oak (Quercus petraea Liebl.) wood. BioResources, 10(3), 3963-3978.
• Schwarze, F., Landmesser, H., Zgaggen, B., Heeb, M., 2006. Permeability changes in heartwood of Picea abies and Abies alba induced by incubation with Physisporinus vitreus. Holzforschung 60(4):450 – 454.
• Temiz, A., Yildiz, U.C., Nilsson, T., 2006. Comparison of copper emission rates from wood treated with different preservatives to the environment. Building and Environment, 41(7): 910-914.
• Tetjamer, L., 1986. Methoden und resultate der prüfung schweizerischen bahvolzer. Materialprüfungsaf Schweizerischen Polytechnikum, Paul Paray Verlag, Zurich.
• Tomak, E.D., Cavdar, A.D., 2013. Limited oxygen index levels of impregnated Scots pine wood. Thermochimica acta, 573: 181-185.
• Torgovnikov, G., Vinden, P., 2009. High intensity microwave wood modification for increasing permeability. For. Prod. J., 59(4): 84-92.
• TS 2472, 1976. Wood-determination of density for physical and mechanical tests, Institute of Turkish Standards.
• TS 2474, 1976. Wood-determination of ultimate strength in static bending, Institute of Turkish Standards.
• TS 2477, 1976. Wood-determination of impact bending strength, Institute of Turkish Standards.
• TS 2478, 1976. Wood-determination of modulus of elasticity in static bending, Institute of Turkish Standards.
• TS 2595, 1976. Wood-determination of ultimate stress in compression parallel to grain, Institute of Turkish Standards.
• Uysal, B., Yorur, H., 2013. The effect of steam treatment on bonding strength of impregnated wood materials. Journal of Adhesion Science and Technology, 27(8): 896-904.
• Wardrop, A.B., Davies, G.W., 1961. Morphological factors relating to the penetration of liquids into wood. Holzforschung, 15(5): 129- 140.
• Yalınkılıç, M.K., Baysal, E., Demirci, Z., 1997. Fire resistance of Calabrian pine (Pinus brutia Ten.) wood treated with some boron compounds and/or water repellents. Turkish Journal of Agiculture and Forestry, 21(5): 423- 431. Yorur, H, Kurt, Ş, Uysal B., 2014. Bonding strength of oak with different adhesives after humid – water - heat tests. Journal of Adhesion Science and Technology, 28(7): 690-701.
• Zhao, L., Lu, J., Zhou, Y., Jiang, J., 2015. Effect of low temperature cyclic treatments on modulus of elasticity of birch wood. BioResources 10(2): 2318-2327.