Tree inventory and ecosystem service assessment using web-based geographic information system (GIS) tools: Case study in Edirne

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 25 Sayı: 4, 540 - 545, 28.12.2024

Eylül Malkoç

https://doi.org/10.18182/tjf.1543353

Öz

In addition to covering essential human needs, such as food, fuel, and timber, trees have been providing numerous health, aesthetic, and recreational benefits throughout history. Trees in urban areas provide significant ecosystem services, particularly in relation to air quality regulation via particulate matter (PM) entrapment and greenhouse gas absorption. This study was aimed to elucidate the regulatory ecosystem service capacity of trees in the Selimiye Campus of Trakya University, Edirne, Türkiye. We compiled a tree inventory and a method for assessing regulatory ecosystem services using web-based geographic information system (GIS) tools, namely Google Earth, Google My Maps, and MyTree. The results showed that the Selimiye Campus has 197 trees of 22 species. These trees remove 330 kg of pollutants and sequester 5851.09 kg of carbon annually. Despite its limited tree capacity, the Selimiye Campus holds significant potential for regulatory ecosystem services. Overall, this study emphasises the importance of compiling tree inventories using web-based tools to guide landscape planning and decision-making processes. It also highlights that campuses are essential components of urban green spaces, contributing to green area development and providing regulatory ecosystem services.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Tree inventory, Ecosystem services, Google My Maps, Google Earth, MyTree

Web tabanlı coğrafi bilgi sistemleri (CBS) araçları ile ağaç envanteri oluşturmak ve ekosistem hizmetlerinin ölçülmesi: Edirne örneği

Öz

Gıda, yakıt ve kereste gibi temel insan ihtiyaçlarını karşılamanın yanı sıra, ağaçlar tarih boyunca birçok sağlık, estetik ve rekreasyonel fayda sağlamıştır. Kent ağaçları, özellikle partikül madde (PM) tutma ve sera gazı emilimi yoluyla hava kalitesinin düzenlenmesi açısından önemli ekosistem hizmetleri sunmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı Trakya Üniversitesi Selimiye Kampüsü'ndeki ağaçların düzenleyici ekosistem hizmetleri kapasitesini ölçmektir. Ağaç envanteri oluşturmak ve düzenleyici ekosistem hizmetlerini ölçmek için Google Earth, Google My Maps ve MyTree gibi web tabanlı açık kaynaklı Coğrafi Bilgi Sistemi (CBS) araçları kullanılmıştır. Bulgular Trakya Üniversitesi Selimiye Kampüsü'nde 22 türe ait 197 ağaç bulunduğunu; bu ağaçların yılda 330 kg kirletici maddeyi temizlemekte ve 5851,09 kg karbonu depolamakta olduğunu göstermiştir. Sınırlı ağaç kapasitesine rağmen Selimiye Kampüsü, önemli bir düzenleyici ekosistem hizmeti potansiyeline sahiptir. Çalışma, peyzaj planlama ve karar alma süreçlerine rehberlik etmek amacıyla web tabanlı ve açık kaynaklı uygulamalar ile ağaç envanteri oluşturmanın önemini vurgulamakta ayrıca kampüslerin kentlerin yeşil alan ihtiyacını karşılayan ve düzenleyici ekosistem hizmetlerine katkı sunan bileşenler olduğunu göstermektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Ağaç envanteri, Ekosistem hizmetleri, Google My Maps, Google Earth, MyTree

Kaynakça

• Aerts, R., Honnay, O., 2011. Forest restoration, biodiversity and ecosystem functioning. BMC Ecology, 11: 1-10.
• Csurgó, B., Smith, M.K., 2021. The value of cultural ecosystem services in a rural landscape context. Journal of Rural Studies, 86: 76-86.
• Dilaver, Z., Yuksel, U., Yilmaz, F. C., 2017. Contribution of university campuses to climate change mitigation: Ankara University Tandogan campus case. Fresenius Environmental Bulletin, 26: 7018-7024.
• Dragićević, S., Balram, S., 2004. A Web GIS collaborative framework to structure and manage distributed planning processes. Journal of Geographical Systems, 6: 133-153.
• Ghorbankhani, Z., Zarrabi, M. M., Ghorbankhani, M., 2024. The significance and benefits of green infrastructures using I-Tree canopy software with a sustainable approach. Environment, Development and Sustainability, 26: 14893-14913.
• Google inc, 2007. Google Mymaps, web site, https://www.google.com/maps/d/u/0/, Accessed: 24.10.2024.
• Hepcan, C.C., Hepcan, S., 2017. Ege Üniversitesi lojmanlar yerleşkesinin hava kalitesinin iyileştirilmesine yönelik düzenleyici ekosistem servislerinin hesaplanması. Ege Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 54: 113-120.
• Loughner, C.P., Allen, D.J., Zhang, D.L., Pickering, K.E., Dickerson, R. R., Landry, L., 2012. Roles of urban tree canopy and buildings in urban heat island effects: parameterization and preliminary results. Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology, 51: 1775-1793.
• Ma, B., Hauer, R.J., Östberg, J., Koeser, A.K., Wei, H., Xu, C., 2021. A global basis of urban tree inventories: What comes first the inventory or the program. Urban Forestry & Urban Greening, 60: 127087.
• MoCaT, 2011. Ministry of Culture and Tourism, General Directorate of Cultural Heritage and Museums, http://www.kvmgm.gov.tr/Eklenti/57318,edirne-selimiye-camii-kulliyesi-yonetim-planipdf.pdf?0, Accessed: 26.10.2024.
• MoE, 2024. Municipality of Edirne, KEOShttps://webgis.edirne.bel.tr/keos/, Accessed: 26.10.2024.
• Nowak, D.J., 2021. Understanding i-Tree: 2021 Summary of programs and methods. USDA Forest Service. General Technical Report NRS-200-2021
• Nowak, D.J., Hirabayashi, S., Bodine, A., Greenfield E., 2014. Tree and forest effects on air quality and human health in the United States. Environmental Pollution, 193: 199-129.
• Nowak, D.J., Hirabayashi, S., Doyle, M., Mcgovern, M., Pasher, J., 2018a. Air pollution removal by urban forests in Canada and its effect on air quality and human health. Urban Forestry & Urban Greening, 29: 40-48.
• Nowak, D.J., Maco, S., Binkley, M., 2018b. i-Tree: Global tools to assess tree benefits and risks to improve forest management. Arboricultural Consultant, 51: 10-13.
• Östberg, J., Wiström, B., Randrup, T. B., 2018. The state and use of municipal tree inventories in Swedish municipalities – results from a national survey. Urban Ecosystems, 21: 467-477.
• Yale University, 2020. Tree Management Plan and Ecosystem Services Plan, Connecticut. web site: https://facilities.yale.edu/sites/default/files/tree-management-plan-ecosystem-services-plan.pdf, Yale University, Accessed: 26.10.2024.
• Phillips, D.C., Burdick, C., Merja, B., Brown, N., 2013. Urban forest ecosystem services: A case study assessment in Corvallis, Oregon. Presented at 98th Ecological Society of America, 4–9 August, Minneapolis, Minnesota.
• Qian, W., Zhongxia, Z., Ping, W., 2019. An assessment of ecosystem services of urban green spaces based on i-Tree. Journal of Landscape Research, 11: 53-56. Roy, S., Byrne, J., Pickering, C., 2012. A systematic quantitative review of urban tree benefits, costs, and assessment methods across cities in different climatic zones. Urban Forestry and Urban Greening, 11: 351-363.
• Shim, J. P., Warkentin, M., Courtney, J. F., Power, D.J., Sharda, R., Carlsson, C., 2002. Past, present, and future of decision support technology. Decision support systems, 33: 111-126.
• Smith, W.H., 1990. Air Pollution and Forests. Springer-Verlag, New York, USA.
• Tasoulas, E., Varras, G., Tsirogiannis, I., Myriounis, C., 2013. Development of a GIS application for urban forestry management planning. Procedia Technology, 8: 70-80.
• Tyrväinen, L., Pauleit, S., Seeland, K., De Vries, S., 2005. Benefits and uses of urban forests and trees. In: Urban Forests and Trees (Eds: Konijnendijk, C., Nilsson, K., Randrup, T., Schipperijn, J.), Springer, Berlin, pp. 81-114.
• Veerkamp, C.J., Schipper, A.M., Hedlund, K., Lazarova, T., Nordin, A., Hanson, H. I., 2021. A review of studies assessing ecosystem services provided by urban green and blue infrastructure. Ecosystem Services, 52: 101367.
• Wang, R., Jiang, W., Lu, T., 2021. Landscape characteristics of university campus in relation to aesthetic quality and recreational preference. Urban Forestry & Urban Greening, 66: 127389.