1-3 Yaşındaki Çocukların Toplam Uyku Sürelerine Mavi Işık Yayan Cihaz Kullanımının Etkisinin Değerlendirilmesi

Öz

Amaç: Bu çalışma 1-3 yaş arası çocuklarda mavi ışığa maruziyet ile ilişkili faktörleri ve toplam uyku sürelerini belirlemek amacıyla tanımlayıcı ve ilişkisel olarak yapılmıştır. Yöntemler: Çalışmaya 1-3 yaş arası çocuğu olan toplam 323 anne dahil edildi. Veri toplama aracı olarak 1-3 yaş arası çocukların annelerine yönelik hazırlanmış olan sosyodemografik özellikler, mavi işığa maruziyet ve toplam uyku sürelerini değerlendiren anket formu kullanılmıştır. Bulgular: Çocuğun toplam uyku süresi ile kendi yatağına sahip olması, çocuğa ait tablet varlığı, mavi ışık yayan elektronik cihaz varlığı, çocuğun odasında mavi ışık yayan aydınlatıcı varlığı, annenin çocuğunun akıllı telefon kullanmasına izin verme durumu ve çocuğun yatmadan hemen önce karanlıkta mavi ışık yayan elektronik cihaz kullanma durumu arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark bulundu (p<0.05). Çoklu regresyon analizi sonuçlarına göre sosyodemografik değişkenler Model 1'de uyku süresini % 6,6, mavi ışık yayan cihaz kullanımına ilişkin özelliklerin de eklendiği Model 2'de uyku süresini %16.5 oranında etkilemiştir. Sonuç: Mavi ışık yayan cihaz kullanımı giderek daha önemli bir halk sağlığı sorunu haline gelmekte ve bu sorunun daha da kötüleşmemesi için etkin önlemler alınmalı ve uygulanmalıdır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Çocuklar
• Ekran zamanı
• Uyku

Evaluation of The Effect of Using Devices Emitting Blue Light On The Total Sleep Duration of 1-3-Year-Old Children

Öz

Objective: This study was descriptively and relationally performed to determine the factors associated with blue light exposure in children aged 1 to 3 years and their total sleep duration. Methods: A total of 323 mothers with children aged 1 to 3 years were included in the study. As a data collection tool, a questionnaire was used to evaluate sociodemographic characteristics, exposure to blue light, and total sleep time, which was prepared for mothers of children aged 1-3. Results: A statistically significant difference was found (p<0.05) between the total duration of sleep and the child having his/her bed, presence of a tablet belonging to the child, presence of a blue-light-emitting electronic device, and a blue-light-emitting illuminator in the child’s room, whether the mother allows her child to use a smartphone and whether the child uses a blue-light-emitting electronic device in the dark right before going to sleep. Based on the multiple regression analysis results, Sociodemographic variables have affected sleep duration at a rate of 6.6% in Model 1 and 16.5% in Model 2, in which characteristics related to the use of blue-light-emitting devices were also added. Conclusion: The usage of the blue-light-emitting device is becoming an increasingly significant public health problem, and effective measures should be taken and implemented to prevent this problem from worsening.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Children
• Screen time
• Sleep

Kaynakça

1. 1. Ariani N, Intani TM, Sarli D, Poddar S. Psychosocial stimulation towards the development of toddler 1–3 years old. Mal J Med Health Sci. 2021;17(SUPP4):88-91.
2. 2. Cheung CHM, Bedford R, Urabain IRSD, Simith AK, Smith TJ. Daily touchscreen use in infants and toddlers is associated with reduced sleep and delayed sleep onset. Sci Rep. 2017;13:1-7. https://doi.org/10.1038/srep46104
3. 3. Duch H, Fisher EM, Ensari I, Harrington A. Screen time use in children under 3 years old: a systematic review of correlates. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2013;10:102. https://doi.org/10.7916/D8G15Z97
4. 4. Gringras P, Middleton B, Skene DJ, Revel VL. Bigger, Brighter, Bluer-Better? Current light-emitting devices-adverse sleep properties and preventative strategies. Front Public Health. 2015;13(3):233. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2015.00233
5. 5. Tosini G, Ferguson I, Tsubata K. Effects of blue light on the circadian system and eye physiology. Mol Vis. 2016;24(22):61-72. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26900325/
6. 6. Gordijn MCM, Beersma DGM, Rüger M, Daan S. The effects of blue light on sleepiness. Annual Proceedings of the Dutch Sleep-Wake Society. 2005;16:67-70.
7. 7. Ball HL. Breastfeeding, Bed-sharing and infant sleep. Birth. 2003;30(3):181-8. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1523-536X.2003.00243.x
8. 8. Zhang Z, Okely AD, Pereira JR, Sousa-Sá E, Veldman SL, Santos, R. Associations of sleep characteristics with cognitive and gross motor development in toddlers. Sleep Health. 2022; 704. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sleh.2022.04.001

9. 9. Fossum IN, Nordnes LT, Storemark SS, Bjorvatn B, Pallesen S. The association between use of electronic media in bed before going to sleep and insomnia symptoms, daytime sleepiness, morningness, and chronotype. Behav Sleep Med. 2014;12(5):343-57. https://doi.org/10.1080/15402002.2013.819468
10. 10. Heath M, Sutherland C, Bartel K, Gradisar M, Williamson P, Lovato N, et al. Does one hour of bright or short-wavelength filtered tablet screenlight have a meaningful effect on adolescents’ pre-bedtime alertness, sleep, and daytime functioning? Chronobiol Int. 2014;31(4):496–505. https://doi.org/10.3109/07420528.2013.872121
11. 11. Mustafaoğlu R, Zirek E, Yasacı Z, Özdinçler AR. The negative effects of digital technology on children 's development and health. Addicta. 2018;5(2):227-47. https://scholar.google.com/scholar?cluster=12471219321004835342&hl=tr&as_sdt=0,5
12. 12. Nathanson AI, Beyens I. The relation between use of mobile electronic devices and bedtime resistance, sleep duration, and daytime sleepiness among pre-schoolers. Behav Sleep Med. 2018;16(2):202-19. https://doi.org/10.1080/15402002.2016.1188389
13. 13. Orzech KM, Grandner MA, Roane BM, Carskadon MA. Digital media use in the 2 h before bedtime is associated with sleep variables in university students. Comput Human Behav. 2016;55(A):43-50. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2015.08.049
14. 14. Wood B, Rea MS, Plitnick B, Figueiro MG. Light level and duration of exposure determine. the impact of self-luminous tablets on melatonin suppression. Appl Ergon. 2013;44(2):237-40. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apergo.2012.07.008
15. 15. Nagare R, Plitnick B, Figueiro MG. Effect of exposure duration and light spectra on night time melatonin suppression in adolescents and adults. Light Res Technol. 2019;51(4):530- 43. https://doi.org/10.1177%2F1477153518763003
16. 16. Van der Maren S, Moderie C, Duclos C, Paquet J, Daneault V, Dumont M. Daily profiles of light exposure and evening use of light-emitting devices in young adults complaining of a delayed sleep schedule. J Biol Rhythms. 2018;33(2):192-202. https://doi.org/10.1177/0748730418757007
17. 17. Lemeshow S, Hosmer DW, Klar J, Lwanga SK. Adequacy of sample size in health research. In: Kayaalp SO, editor. Turkey: Hacettepe Tas Publishing; 2000. p.143.
18. 18. Bruni O, Novelli L. Sleep disorders in children. BMJ Clin Evid. 2010;27:2304. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21418676/
19. 19. Owens JA, Spirito A, McGuinn M. The Children’s Sleep Habits Questionnaire (CSHQ): Psychometric properties of a survey instrument for school-aged children. Sleep. 2001;23(8):1043-51. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11145319/
20. 20. Sneddon P, Peacock GG, Crowley SL. Assessment of sleep problems in preschool aged children: an adaptation of the children’s sleep habits questionnaire. Behav Sleep Med. 2013;11(4):283-96. https://doi.org/10.1080/15402002.2012.707158
21. 21. Chindamo S, Buja A, DeBattisti E, Terraneo A, Marini E, Gomez Perez LJ, et al. Sleep and new media usage in toddlers. Eur J Pediatr. 2019;178(4):483-490. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00431-019-03318-7
22. 22. Waller NA, Zhang N, Cocci AH, D'Agostino C, Wesolek‐Greenson S, Wheelock K, et al. Screen time use impacts low‐income preschool children's sleep quality, tiredness, and ability to fall asleep. Child: Care, Health and Development. 2021;47(5):618-626. https://doi.org/10.1111/cch.12869
23. 23. Güngör M. Pre-school children’s watching television habits and parental attitudes. Mustafa Kemal University Journal of Graduate School of Social Sciences. 2014;28(11):199-216. https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/download/article-file/183381
24. 24. Chahal H , Fung C, Kuhle S, Veugelers PJ. Availability and night-time use of electronic entertainment and communication devices are associated with short sleep duration and obesity among Canadian children. Pediatr Obes. 2013;8(1):42-51. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2047-6310.2012.00085.x
25. 25. Iskra-Golec IM, Wazna A, Smith L. Effects of blue-enriched light on the daily course of mood, sleepiness and light perception: A field experiment. Light Res Technol. 2012;44(4):506–13. https://doi.org/10.1177%2F1477153512447528
26. 26. Bruni O, Sette S, Fontanesi L, Baiocco R, Laghi F, Baumgartner E. Technology use and sleep quality in preadolescence and adolescence. J Clin Sleep Med. 2015;11(12):1433-41. https://doi.org/10.5664/jcsm.5282
27. 27. Rangtell FH, Ekstrand E, Rapp L, Lagermalm A, Liethof L, Bucaro MO, et al. Two hours of evening reading on a self-luminous tablet vs. reading a physical book does not alter sleep after daytime bright light exposure. Sleep Med. 2016;23:111-18. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sleep.2016.06.016
28. 28. Olteanu-Pascal D, Lupușor N, Nadejda. The influence of light from gadgets on circadian rhythm in children. MedEspera; 2020. p.248-249.
29. 29. Shechter A, Quispe KA, Mizhquiri Barbecho JS, Slater C, Falzon L. Interventions to reduce short-wavelength ('blue') light exposure at night and their effects on sleep: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Sleep Advances. 2020;1(1):zpaa002. https://doi.org/10.1093/sleepadvances/zpaa002