POSTPARTUM DÖNEMDE LOHUSALIK, YENİDOĞAN BAKIMI VE EMZİRME İLE İLGİLİ GELENEKSEL İNANÇ VE UYGULAMALAR

Öz

Amaç: Bu araştırma doğum yapmış kadınların lohusalık, yenidoğan bakımı, emzirmeye yönelik geleneksel inanç ve uygulamalarını saptamak amacıyla yapılmıştır. Yöntem: Araştırma kesitsel ve tanımlayıcı tipte tasarlanmış olup, 15 Aralık 2022 ve 15 Ocak2023 tarihleri arasında Türkiye’nin yedi bölgesinde yaşayan 618 kadından oluşmuştur. Veriler, araştırmacılar tarafından oluşturulan kişisel bilgi formu aracılığıyla toplanmış ve kartopu örnekleme yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Verilerin değerlendirilmesinde ortalama, standart sapma, sayı, yüzde ve ki kare testleri kullanılmıştır. Bulgular: Araştırmaya katılan kadınların yaş ortalaması 38.15±10.62 ve evlilik süresi 16.59±11.54 yıldır. Kadınların %33.3’ü ilköğretim mezunu, %73’ü çalışmıyor, %54.4’ünün geliri giderine denk, %86.9’u çekirdek aile yapısına sahiptir. Kadınların %59.7’si lohusalık, %61.8’si yenidoğan bakımı, %47.9’u emzirme ile ilgili geleneksel uygulamalara başvurduğunu belirtmiştir. Kadınların en fazla uyguladıkları geleneksel uygulamalar lohusalarda (%66.8) kırk gün cinsel ilişkiye girilmemesi, yenidoğan bakımında (%75.9) kundaklama, emzirme döneminde (%62.6) sütü artırmak için sıcak süt, çorba vb. içirilmesi şeklinde sıralanmaktadır. Lohusalık, yenidoğan bakımı ve emzirmeye yönelik uygulanan geleneksel yöntemlerin bölgelere göre bakıldığında anlamlı bir fark olduğu saptanmıştır (p<0.05). Sonuç ve öneriler: Araştırmaya katılan kadınların lohusalık, yenidoğan bakımı ve emzirme ile ilgili birçok geleneksel yöntemi uyguladıkları belirlenmiştir. Bu yöntemler bölgesel farklılıklar göstermekle birlikte, sıklıkla kullanılmaktadır. Toplum ve alanında uzman sağlık çalışanlarının geleneksel yöntemler konusunda farkındalığının artırılması ve sağlık kuruluşlarının bu geleneksel yöntemlerin bireylerde farklılık oluşturabileceği göz önünde bulundurularak tespit ve bilgilendirme yapması konusunda politikalar oluşturulması önerilmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Postpartum
• Emzirme
• Yenidoğan
• Geleneksel Uygulamalar

TRADITIONAL BELIEFS AND PRACTICES RELATED TO PUERPERIUM, NEONATAL CARE AND BREASTFEEDING IN THE POSTPARTUM PERIOD

Öz

Objective: In this research, we aimed to determine the traditional beliefs and implemented practices of women in postpartum period regarding puerperium, neonatal, care, and breastfeeding. Method: The study was cross-sectional and descriptive and consisted of 618 women living in seven regions of Turkey between December 12,2022 and January 15,2023. The data were collected through a personal information form created by the researchers and snowball sampling method was used. Mean, standard deviation, number, percentage, and chi-square tests were used to evaluate the data. Findings: The average age of the women participating in the study was between 38.15±10.62, and the duration of the marriage was 16.59±11.54 years. Of the women, 33.3% are primary school graduates, 73% are not working, 54.4% have an income equivalent to expenses, and 86.9% have a nuclear family structure. Of them, 59.7% stated that they resorted to traditional practices related to puerperal care, 61.8% to neonatal care, and 47.9% to breastfeeding. The traditional practices that women use the most are abstinence from sexual intercourse for forty days in puerperium (66.8%), swaddling in neonatal care (75.9%), consuming hot milk, soup, etc., and increasing milk consumption during breastfeeding (62.6%). It was found that there is a significant difference between the traditional methods applied for puerperal care, neonatal care, and breastfeeding when compared by region (p<0.05). Conclusions and recommendations: It was determined that the women participating in the study applied many traditional methods related to puerperium, neonatal care, and breastfeeding. Although these methods show regional differences, they are often used. It is proposed to increase the awareness of society and health professionals specialized in their field about traditional methods and to create policies for health organizations to identify and inform, considering that these traditional methods may create differences in individuals.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Postpartum
• Breastfeeding
• Neonatal
• Traditional Practices

Kaynakça

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