Yaşam Tarzı Değişikliğiyle Kilo Kaybının LDL Kolesterol Üzerine Etkisi: Retrospektif Kohort Çalışması

Yıl 2024, , 357 - 363, 05.09.2024

Hülya Güç , Neslişah Gürel Köksal , Mehmet Sargın

https://doi.org/10.21763/tjfmpc.1412471

Öz

Amaç: Bu araştırmada etkili bir yaşam tarzı değişikliği (YTD) ile obez hastaların lipit düzeylerinde yüzde kaç oranında düşüş sağlanabileceği ve etkili lipit düşüşü için en az ne kadar kilo verilmesi gerektiği araştırılmak istenmiştir.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmamız retrospektif bir kohort çalışmasıdır. Çalışmaya obezite polikliniğinde izlenen, hiperlipidemi tanısı alıp herhangi bir hiperlipidemi tedavisi kullanmayan 71 hasta dahil edilmiştir. Hastaların ilk gelişte ve 6. aydaki yüksek yoğunluklu lipoprotein kolesterol (HDL-K), düşük yoğunluklu lipoprotein kolesterol (LDL-K), total kolesterol, trigliserit, vücut yağ oranı ve kitlesi, beden kitle indeksi (BKİ), boy, kilo bilgileri kaydedilmiştir. Çalışmamızda hastalar (6 ay sonraki takiplerindeki kilo düşüş oranları baz alınarak) önceki kilolarına göre %10 dan daha az kilo verenler ve %10 ve daha fazla kilo verenler olarak iki gruba ayrılarak lipit parametreleri karşılaştırılmıştır.
Bulgular: Kilo verme oranlarına göre sınıflandırılan hastaların LDL-K düşüş oranları karşılaştırıldığında; %10 ve daha fazla kilo verenlerin LDL-K düşüş oranları (1. Grup= %18.48) %10 ’un altında kilo verenlere göre (2. Grup= %13.04) anlamlı olarak daha fazlaydı (p=0.011). Total kolesterol düşüş oranları da 1. Grupta 2. Gruba göre anlamlı olarak daha fazlaydı (p=0.015).
Sonuç: Birinci basamak yaklaşımında kardiyovasküler riski azaltmak için birincil ve ikincil korunmanın uygulanması önemli bir konudur. Hiperkolesterolemi tespit edilen obez hastalarda hedeflenen LDL-K değerlerine ulaşmak amacıyla hastalara yaşam tarzı değişiklikleri önerilmeli ve en az %10 kilo vermenin önemine vurgu yapılmalıdır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

yaşam tarzı değişiklikleri, hiperlipidemi, primer koruma

The Effect Of Weight Loss With Lifestyle Changes On LDL Cholesterol: Retrospective Cohort Study

Öz

Aim: This study aimed to investigate the rate of decrease in lipid levels with effective lifestyle changes (LC) and the minimum body weight loss necessary for effective lipid reduction in obese patients.
Method: The study is a retrospective cohort study. The study included 71 patients who were followed up in the obesity clinic, who were diagnosed with hyperlipidemia but did not use any hyperlipidemia treatment. The patients' high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), total cholesterol, triglyceride, body fat ratio and mass, body mass index (BMI), height and weight information were recorded at the first visit and the 6th month. In our study, patients were divided into two groups (based on the weight loss rates in the 6-month follow-up) those who lost less than 10% of their previous weight and those who lost 10% or more weight and their lipid parameters were compared.
Results: LDL-C reduction rates of patients classified according to their weight loss rates were found to be statistically significantly (p=0.011) higher in those with 10% or more weight loss than (group 1=18.48%) in those with less than 10% weight loss (group 2=13.04%). Total cholesterol reduction rates were also significantly (p=0.015) higher in the 1st group than in the 2nd group. According to the findings of our study, at least 10% weight loss is required to decrease total cholesterol and LDL-C significantly.
Conclusion: Implementation of primary and secondary prevention strategies to reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease is important in the context of primary care. To reach the targeted LDL-C values, the weight monitoring of obese patients should be considered, and the importance of losing at least 10% of weight as one of the first steps should be emphasized.

Anahtar Kelimeler

lifestyle changes, hyperlipidemia, primary prevention

Kaynakça

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