Past, present and future of endemic goiter

Öz

Publications concerning the effects in society of recommendations regarding iodine supplementation over the last approximately 30 years are inconsistent. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effects of iodine supplemented nutrition, recommended for endemic goiter both in the world and in Turkey. The iodine-reinforced nutrition was started due to the fact that urine iodine levels were found low in adolescents. The endemic goiter regions were determined by ignoring the limitations of these studies. Findings in recent studies indicate that iodine replacement therapy increases autoimmunity and the incidence of hyperthyroidism. It is claimed that even iodine supplement increases hypothyroid rates instead of decreasing them. Therefore, iodine supplemented nutrition approaches should be closely followed. As a result, we suggest that iodine supplemented nutrition programs should be re-evaluated.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Endemic goiter
• Hyperthyroidism
• Hypothyroidism
• Thyroid function tests
• Iodine

Endemik guatrın dünü, bugünü ve yarını

Öz

Otuz yılı aşkın bir süredir devam eden iyot takviyeli beslenme önerilerinin ilgili toplumlarda oluşturduğu etkiler üzerine birbiri ile çelişkili yayınlar mevcuttur. Bu çalışmanın amacı hem dünyada hem de Türkiye’deki endemik guatr sebebiyle önerilen iyot takviyeli beslenme etkilerini değerlendirmektir. İyot takviyeli beslenme, adelosanlarda idrar iyot seviyelerinin düşük bulunması nedeniyle başlatılmıştır. Sözkonusu bu çalışmaların kısıtlılığı göz ardı edilerek endemik guatr bölgeleri belirlenmiştir. Son çalışmalardaki bulgular, iyot replasman tedavisinin otoimmuniteyi arttırdığına ve hipertroidi insidansını yükselttiğine işaret etmektedir. İyot takviyesinin bile hipotroidi oranlarını azaltmak yerine arttırdığı iddia edilmektedir. Bu yüzden iyot takviyeli beslenme yaklaşımlarının yakından takip edilmesi gerekmektedir. Sonuç olarak iyot takviyeli beslenme proğramlarının yeniden değerlendirilmesi gerektiğini öneriyoruz.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Endemik guatr
• Hipertroidi
• Hipotroidi
• Tiroit fonksiyon testleri
• İyot

Kaynakça

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