Should Iodine be Supported in Pregnancy? A Hospital Based Study

Yıl 2018, Cilt: 12 Sayı: 1, 19 - 23, 19.03.2018

Hülya Parıldar , Güldeniz Aksan Desteli Tevfik Berk Bildacı Özlem Ciğerli

https://doi.org/10.21763/tjfmpc.400112

Öz

Objective:
Iodine deficiency causes adverse effects in
pregnant women and neurological-cognitive disorders in their babies. Our aim
was to define the status of iodine deficiency among pregnant women, who
attended our hospital outpatient polyclinics. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional and descriptive study
was performed in 2014 with 94 pregnant women. Iodine levels in spot urine and
serum thyroid hormones have been analyzed. The iodine levels of spot urine less
than 150 µg/L were accepted as iodine deficiency. Results: The mean age was 30.6±3.92 years, mean gestational age was
18.9±9.64 weeks. Mean urinary iodine concentrations (UIC) were 160.32±5.88 μg/L
and the ratio of pregnant women whose UIC less than 150 μg/L was 33% (n=31) and
the percentage of the women, who declared iodised salt use was 90.2%. Conclusion: In this study, in one-third
of pregnant women the urine iodine concentrations were inadequate despite the
high rate of iodised salt intake. Nevertheless, most prenatal vitamins and
salts do not include adequate iodine, iodine monitoring and supplementation may
be recommended before and during pregnancy.

Giriş: İyot eksikliği, gebelerde olumsuz etkilere, bebeklerinde ise nörokognitif
bozukluklara neden olmaktadır. Çalışmamızda hastanemiz polikliniklerine
başvuran gebe kadınlarda iyot eksikliğinin araştırılması amaçlanmıştır. Yöntem: Bu kesitsel ve tanımlayıcı
çalışmaya, 2014 yılında takip edilen, 94 gebe dahil edilmiştir. Çalışmaya
alınan gebelerin, anlık (spot) idrarda iyot düzeyleri ve tiroid fonksiyon
testleri analiz edilmiştir. Spot idrarda iyot düzeyi <150 µg/L ise iyot eksikliği
olarak kabul edilmiştir. Bulgular: Çalışmamızda
ortalama yaş 30,6±3,92 yıl, ortalama gebelik yaşı 18,9±9,64 hafta idi. Ortalama
idrar iyot atılımı 160,32±5,88 μg/L olarak saptanmış olup, iyot eksikliği
olanların oranı %33 olarak bulunmuştur. İyot katkılı tuz kullandığını belirten
gebelerin oranı %90,2 idi. Sonuç: İyot
katkılı tuz kullanımının yüksek oranda olmasına karşın, gebelerin üçte birinde
idrar iyot düzeyleri yetersiz düzeyde saptanmıştır. Bulgularımız, gebelerde
iyot eksikliği prevalansının önemli bir düzeyde olduğunu vurgulamaktadır.
Ülkemizde prenatal vitaminlerin çoğunda ve tuzlarda yeterli iyot
bulunmamaktadır, bu nedenle gebelik sırasında veya öncesinde iyot durumunun
değerlendirilmesi ve desteklenmesi önerilebilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Pregnancy, iodine deficiency

Kaynakça

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