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Huzurevinde Yaşayan 65 Yaş ve Üzerindeki Bireylerde Obezitenin Bilişsel Fonksiyonlar ile İlişkis

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 16 Sayı: 2, 367 - 375, 20.06.2022
https://doi.org/10.21763/tjfmpc.1000265

Öz

Amaç: Bilişsel fonksiyonlar yaşlıların yaşam kalitesini etkileyen en önemli faktörlerden biridir. Bilişsel fonksiyonlar yaş, cinsiyet, sosyoekonomik düzey, komorbid hastalıklar gibi faktörlerden etkilenmektedir. Günümüzde yapılan bazı çalışmalar obezitenin de bilişsel fonksiyonları etkileyebileceğini işaret etmektedir. Bu çalışmada, 65 yaş ve üstü bireylerin bilişsel fonksiyonları ile obezite durumları arasındaki ilişkinin ortaya konulması amaçlanmıştır. Yöntem: Bu çalışma Narlıdere Huzurevi Yaşlı Bakım ve Rehabilitasyon Merkezi'nde kalan 65 yaş ve üzerinde 315 bireyle tamamlanmıştır. Katılımcıların kilo, boy, bel çevresi ölçümleri yapılarak kaydedilmiş, Standardize Mini Mental Teste ek olarak katılımcıların dikkat, hafıza, yürütücü bilişsel fonksiyonlarını değerlendiren Stroop Test, WMS-V Sayı Menzili Testi, Üç Kelime Üç Şekil Testi, Geriyatrik Depresyon Ölçeği, Günlük Yaşam Aktiviteleri Testi , Enstrümental Günlük Yaşam Aktiviteleri Testi ve araştırmacı tarafından hazırlanan, katılımcının sosyodemografik özelliklerini ve geçmiş obezite öyküsünü içeren anket formu yüz yüze uygulanmıştır. Bulgular: Standardize Mini Mental Test ve nöropsikolojik test sonuçlarına göre 107 katılımcı ''bilişsel fonksiyonları azalmış'' ve 208 katılımcı ''bilişsel fonksiyonları normal'' gruplarına ayrılmıştır. Her iki grupta katılımcıların sosyodemografik özellikleri yaş haricinde benzer bulunmuştur. Bilişsel fonksiyonlarda azalma olan gruptaki katılımcıların yaş ortalaması (79.49±7.06), bilişsel fonksiyonları normal olan gruptaki katılımcıların yaş ortalamasından (76.25±7.38) yüksek bulunmuştur ve bu fark istatistiksel olarak anlamlıdır (p<0.001). Bilişsel fonksiyonlarda azalma olan grupta geçmiş obezite öyküsü olanların oranı yüksek bulunmuştur ve bu fark istatistiksel olarak anlamlıdır (p<0.001). Lojistik regresyon modelinde bilişsel fonksiyonlarda azalma ile yaş (85≥ yaş odss oranı [OR]-_3.95; %95 güven aralığı [GA] 1.52-10.26) ve geçmiş obezite öyküsü- ([OR]- 9.15; %95güven aralığı [GA] 5.25-15.93) arasında anlamlı ilişki bulunmuştur. Sonuç: Günümüzde demansı tetikleyen faktörlerin açığa çıkarılması önemlidir. Birinci basamak hekimleri obez hastaları değerlendirirken, bilişsel fonksiyonları korumaya ve sağlıklı yaşlanmaya yönelik tedbirler almalıdır.

Destekleyen Kurum

YOKTUR

Kaynakça

  • 1. Basara B, Guler C, Yentur G. Ministry of Health, Heath Statistics Year Book 2014; 1010:4.
  • 2. Beger T, Yavuzer H. Epidemiology of Aging and Old Age. Clinical Development. 2012; 25:1-3.
  • 3. Victoroff J. Central Nervous System Changes with Normal Aging. Kaplan Textbook of Psychiatry, Philedelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins ; 2005. p. 3610-24.
  • 4. Cummings JL, Trimble MR. Concise Guide to Neuropsychiatry and Behavioural Neurology. 2nded. American Psychiatric Press Inc; 2001.
  • 5. Novais T, Dauphinot V, Krolak-Salmon P, C Mouchoux. How to explore the needs of informal caregivers of individuals with cognitive impairment in Alzheimer’s disease or related diseases? A systematic review of quantitative and qualitative studies. BMC Geriatr. 2017; 17: 86.
  • 6. J Bischkopf, A Busse, MC Angermeyer. Mild cognitive impairment--a review of prevalence, incidence and outcome according to current approaches. Acta Psychiatr Scand. 2002;106(6):403.
  • 7. Terry K, Katzman R, Bick KL. Alzheimer Disease, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins;1999:187-206.
  • 8. Gustafson D, Rothernbeg E, Blennow K, Steel B, Skoog I. An 18-year follow-up of body mass index and risk for Alzheimer’s disease. Arch Intern Med 2003; 163, 1524-28.
  • 9. Yesavage JA, Brink TL, Rose TL, Lum O, Huang V, Adey M, et al. Development and validation of a geriatric depression screening scale: a preliminary report. J Psychiatr Res 1983; 17(1), 37-49.
  • 10. Grundy S, Brewer HB, Cleemen JI, Smith SC, Lenfant C. Definition of Metabolic Syndrome Report of the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute/American Heart Association Conference on Scientific Issues Related to Definition. Circulation 2004;109, 433-38.
  • 11. Folstein M, Folstein S, Mchugh PR. Mini-mental state: a practical method for grading the cognitive state of patients for the clinician. J Psychiatr Res 1975; 12, 189-198.
  • 12. Hilsabeck RC, Thompson MD, Irby JW, Adams RL, Scott JG, Gouvier WD. Wechsler D Wechsler Memory Scale-Revised. Arch Clin Neuropsychol 2003; 18(1), 71–79.
  • 13. MacLeod CM. Half a century of research on the Stroop effect: an integrative review. Psychol Bull 1991; 109 (2), 163-203.
  • 14. Kudiaki C, Aslan A. The Three Words–Three Shapes test: Normative data for the Turkish elderly. Arch Clin Neuropsychol 2007; 22, 637–45.
  • 15. Mahoney FL, Barthel DA. Function evaluation: The Barthel Index. Md State Med J 1965; 14, 61-65.
  • 16. Hebert LE, Scherr PA, Beckett LA, Albert MS, Pilgrim DM, Chown MJ, et al. Age-specific incidence of Alzheimer's disease in a community population. JAMA 1995; 3, 273(17),1354-59.
  • 17. Ruitenberg A, Ot A, van Swieten Jc, Hofman A, Breteler MM. Incidence of dementia: does gender make a difference?. Neurobiol Aging 2001; 22(4), 575-80.
  • 18. Chen R, Hu Z, Wei L, Ma Y, Liu Z, Copeland JR. Incident dementia in a defined older Chinese population. Plos One; 2011; 6(9).
  • 19. Poddar K, Kant S, Singh A, Singh TB. An epidemiological study of dementia among the habitants of eastern Uttar Pradesh, India. Ann Indian Acad Neurol 2011; 14(3), 164-68.
  • 20. Forti P, Pisacane N, Rietti E, Lucicesare A, Olivelli V, Mariani E, et al. Metabolic syndrome and risk of dementia in older adults. J Am Geriatr Soc 2010; 58(3),487-92.
  • 21. Kurella M, Chertow G, Fried L, Cummings S, Harris T, Simonsick E, et al. Chronic kidney disease and cognitive impairment in the elderly: The health, aging and body composition study. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2005; 16(7), 2127-2133.
  • 22. Seshadri S, Beiser A, Kelly-Hayes M, Kase CS, Au R, Kannel WB, et al. The lifetime risk of stroke estimates from the Framingham Study. Journal of the American Heart Association, Stroke 2006; 37, 345-50.
  • 23. Rajan KB, Wilson RS, Weuve J, Barnes LL, Evans DA. Cognitive impairment 18 years before clinical diagnosis of Alzheimer disease dementia. Neurology 2015, 85(10), 898-904.
  • 24. Cuhadar D, Sertbas G, Tutkun H. Relationship between level of cognitive functions and activities of daily life at elderly people who live in rest home. Anatolian Journal of Psychiatry 2006 ;7, 232-39.
  • 25. Albanese E, Hardy R, Wills A, Kuh D, Guralnick J, Richards M. No association between gain in body mass index across the life course and midlife cognitive function and cognitive reserve - The 1946 British birth cohort study. Alzheimers Dement 2012; 8, 470–82.

Relationship Between Obesity and Cognitive Functions of Individuals Aged 65 Years and Above Living in a Residential Home

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 16 Sayı: 2, 367 - 375, 20.06.2022
https://doi.org/10.21763/tjfmpc.1000265

Öz

Objectives: Cognitive functions are one of the crucial factors affecting the quality of life of the elderly and are affected by factors like age, gender, socio-economic level, and comorbidity. Some studies indicate that obesity can also affect them. This study aims to demonstrate the relationship between cognitive functions and obesity. Methods: A questionnaire including the participants’ socio-demographic characteristics, past obesity history and also Standardized Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), neuropsychological tests evaluating memory, attention, and executive functions (Stroop Test, Three words-Three Shapes Test, Digit Span Test), were applied to 315 elderly living in Narlidere Residential and Nursing Home. Besides weight, height, and waist circumference of the participants were measured. Results: According to the assessments performed with MMSE and neuropsychological tests, 107 elderly were classified as cognitive impairment and 208 were as cognitively normal. Sociodemographic characteristics of the elderly were similar except for age, as the mean age of cognitive impairment (79.49±7.06) was higher than cognitively normal (76.25±7.38) and it was significant (p<0.001). Past obesity history was significantly higher in the cognitive impairment (p<0.001). There was also a statistically significant relation between cognitive impairment, aging (age 85≥ yearsoddss ratio [OR], 3.95; %95 confidence interval [CI] 1.52-10.26) and obesity history ([OR], 9.15; %95 [CI], 5.25-15.93) in logistic regression model. Conclusion: It is important to indicate the risk factors of dementia. Family physicians evaluating obese patients should take action for the maintenance of cognitive functions and healthy aging.

Kaynakça

  • 1. Basara B, Guler C, Yentur G. Ministry of Health, Heath Statistics Year Book 2014; 1010:4.
  • 2. Beger T, Yavuzer H. Epidemiology of Aging and Old Age. Clinical Development. 2012; 25:1-3.
  • 3. Victoroff J. Central Nervous System Changes with Normal Aging. Kaplan Textbook of Psychiatry, Philedelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins ; 2005. p. 3610-24.
  • 4. Cummings JL, Trimble MR. Concise Guide to Neuropsychiatry and Behavioural Neurology. 2nded. American Psychiatric Press Inc; 2001.
  • 5. Novais T, Dauphinot V, Krolak-Salmon P, C Mouchoux. How to explore the needs of informal caregivers of individuals with cognitive impairment in Alzheimer’s disease or related diseases? A systematic review of quantitative and qualitative studies. BMC Geriatr. 2017; 17: 86.
  • 6. J Bischkopf, A Busse, MC Angermeyer. Mild cognitive impairment--a review of prevalence, incidence and outcome according to current approaches. Acta Psychiatr Scand. 2002;106(6):403.
  • 7. Terry K, Katzman R, Bick KL. Alzheimer Disease, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins;1999:187-206.
  • 8. Gustafson D, Rothernbeg E, Blennow K, Steel B, Skoog I. An 18-year follow-up of body mass index and risk for Alzheimer’s disease. Arch Intern Med 2003; 163, 1524-28.
  • 9. Yesavage JA, Brink TL, Rose TL, Lum O, Huang V, Adey M, et al. Development and validation of a geriatric depression screening scale: a preliminary report. J Psychiatr Res 1983; 17(1), 37-49.
  • 10. Grundy S, Brewer HB, Cleemen JI, Smith SC, Lenfant C. Definition of Metabolic Syndrome Report of the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute/American Heart Association Conference on Scientific Issues Related to Definition. Circulation 2004;109, 433-38.
  • 11. Folstein M, Folstein S, Mchugh PR. Mini-mental state: a practical method for grading the cognitive state of patients for the clinician. J Psychiatr Res 1975; 12, 189-198.
  • 12. Hilsabeck RC, Thompson MD, Irby JW, Adams RL, Scott JG, Gouvier WD. Wechsler D Wechsler Memory Scale-Revised. Arch Clin Neuropsychol 2003; 18(1), 71–79.
  • 13. MacLeod CM. Half a century of research on the Stroop effect: an integrative review. Psychol Bull 1991; 109 (2), 163-203.
  • 14. Kudiaki C, Aslan A. The Three Words–Three Shapes test: Normative data for the Turkish elderly. Arch Clin Neuropsychol 2007; 22, 637–45.
  • 15. Mahoney FL, Barthel DA. Function evaluation: The Barthel Index. Md State Med J 1965; 14, 61-65.
  • 16. Hebert LE, Scherr PA, Beckett LA, Albert MS, Pilgrim DM, Chown MJ, et al. Age-specific incidence of Alzheimer's disease in a community population. JAMA 1995; 3, 273(17),1354-59.
  • 17. Ruitenberg A, Ot A, van Swieten Jc, Hofman A, Breteler MM. Incidence of dementia: does gender make a difference?. Neurobiol Aging 2001; 22(4), 575-80.
  • 18. Chen R, Hu Z, Wei L, Ma Y, Liu Z, Copeland JR. Incident dementia in a defined older Chinese population. Plos One; 2011; 6(9).
  • 19. Poddar K, Kant S, Singh A, Singh TB. An epidemiological study of dementia among the habitants of eastern Uttar Pradesh, India. Ann Indian Acad Neurol 2011; 14(3), 164-68.
  • 20. Forti P, Pisacane N, Rietti E, Lucicesare A, Olivelli V, Mariani E, et al. Metabolic syndrome and risk of dementia in older adults. J Am Geriatr Soc 2010; 58(3),487-92.
  • 21. Kurella M, Chertow G, Fried L, Cummings S, Harris T, Simonsick E, et al. Chronic kidney disease and cognitive impairment in the elderly: The health, aging and body composition study. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2005; 16(7), 2127-2133.
  • 22. Seshadri S, Beiser A, Kelly-Hayes M, Kase CS, Au R, Kannel WB, et al. The lifetime risk of stroke estimates from the Framingham Study. Journal of the American Heart Association, Stroke 2006; 37, 345-50.
  • 23. Rajan KB, Wilson RS, Weuve J, Barnes LL, Evans DA. Cognitive impairment 18 years before clinical diagnosis of Alzheimer disease dementia. Neurology 2015, 85(10), 898-904.
  • 24. Cuhadar D, Sertbas G, Tutkun H. Relationship between level of cognitive functions and activities of daily life at elderly people who live in rest home. Anatolian Journal of Psychiatry 2006 ;7, 232-39.
  • 25. Albanese E, Hardy R, Wills A, Kuh D, Guralnick J, Richards M. No association between gain in body mass index across the life course and midlife cognitive function and cognitive reserve - The 1946 British birth cohort study. Alzheimers Dement 2012; 8, 470–82.
Toplam 25 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Birinci Basamak Sağlık Hizmetleri
Bölüm Orijinal Makaleler
Yazarlar

Kübra Uyar Zekey 0000-0001-6559-7811

Mehtap Kartal 0000-0002-3424-2513

Nil Tekin 0000-0002-9300-2528

Yayımlanma Tarihi 20 Haziran 2022
Gönderilme Tarihi 24 Eylül 2021
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2022 Cilt: 16 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

Vancouver Uyar Zekey K, Kartal M, Tekin N. Relationship Between Obesity and Cognitive Functions of Individuals Aged 65 Years and Above Living in a Residential Home. TJFMPC. 2022;16(2):367-75.

Sağlığın ve birinci basamak bakımın anlaşılmasına ve geliştirilmesine katkıda bulunacak yeni bilgilere sahip yazarların İngilizce veya Türkçe makaleleri memnuniyetle karşılanmaktadır.