FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH REASONS, CHARACTERISTICS AND FREQUENCY OF WORKPLACE VIOLENCE TOWARDS EMERGENCY DEPARTMENT STAFF

Yıl 2023, , 161 - 167, 31.12.2023

Merve Ağaçkıran , Levent Avsarogullari , Vesile Şenol

https://doi.org/10.56150/tjhsl.1279296

Cited By: 1

Öz

Introduction: As in almost all medical institutions providing health care service, violence is also one of the serious and vital challenges in emergency deparments (EDs). Researches and reports show that prevalence of violence in EDs is increasing day by day. The aim of this study is to determine reasons, frequency and types of violence applied by patients and their relatives against healthcare professionals and to discuss the possible measures that may be taken.
Material and Method: The health professionals working in EDs of our hospital were asked for filling out surveys voluntarily by talking face to face. Chi-square test was used so as to compare the categorical variables between two groups. Results were presented as mean ±SS or frequency (percent). In 95 %percent confidence interval, p < 0.05 was accepted as significant.
Results: A total of 343 volunteers participated in our study; % 44.3 of them were female (n=152) and %55.7 of them were male (n=191). Mean age was 30.30 ± 7.67 years. Most of the participants were nurses and midwives (n=91, % 26.5). It was realized that %77.6 of staff have been at least one time exposed to violence during their working hours, mostly male patients resorted to the violence (% 83.8) and predominantly they were average of 30-41 age (% 76.7). The most common type of violence was emotional/verbal violence (%84.2). When the violence has been examined according to days and hours, they were mostly exposed to violence every week day (% 26.7); between the hours of 18:00 and 24.00 (% 71.4). Suggestions of the participants to reduce workplace violence in the ED were constitution of heavy punishments, increasing the number of security personnel and making legal arrangements, respectively.
Conclusion: Besides being a deep trouble worsening day by day all over the world, the violence in emergency services has also been turning out an unignorable problem in our EDs. Efficient studies that may be useful and embrace permanent solutions should be carried out so as to prevent violence exposed by health professionals having to work under heavy conditions and to care for a great number of patients.

Anahtar Kelimeler

emergency medicine, violence, workers

Kaynakça

• Norwegian Labour Inspection Authority: Vold og trusler på arbeidsplassen:Forebygging, håndtering og oppfølging. (2009). Violence and threats at the workplace. Prevention, Management and Follow-up. Norwegian. http://www.arbeidstilsynet.no/ brosjyre.html?tid=103729
• Baydin A, Erenler AK. Int J Emerg Ment Health. Workplace violence in emergency department and its effects on emergency staff.2014;16(2):288-90.
• Kaeser D, Guerra R, Keidar O, Lanz U, Moses M, Kobel C, Exadaktylos AK, Ricklin ME. Verbal and Non-Verbal Aggression in a Swiss University Emergency Room: A Descriptive Study. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2018 Jul 6;15(7).
• Erenler AK, Akbulut S, Guzel M, Cetinkaya H, Karaca A, Turkoz B, Baydin A. Reasons for Overcrowding in the Emergency Department: Experiences and Suggestions of an Education and Research Hospital. Turk J Emerg Med. 2016 Feb 26;14(2):59-63.
• Kingma M. Guest editorial. Work violence Heal Sect A Probl epidemic proportion Int Nurs Rev. 2001;48(3):129–30.
• Tekin İ. Acil hekimlerine yönelik şiddet. Turkiye Klin J Surg Med Sci. 2006;2(50):68–73.
• Çamcı O, Kutlu Y. Kocaeli’nde sağlık çalışanlarına yönelik işyeri şiddetinin belirlenmesi. J Psychiatr Nurs. 2011;2(1):9–16.
• Barlow CB, Rizzo AG. Violence against surgical residents. West J Med. 1997;167(2):74.
• Winstanley S, Whittington R. Aggression towards health care staff in a UK general hospital: variation among professions and departments. J Clin Nurs. 2004;13(1):3–10.
• Anderson C. Past victim, future victim? Nurs Manage. 2002;33(3):26–32.
• Duncan SM, Hyndman K, Estabrooks CA, Hesketh K, Humphrey CK, Wong JS, et al. Nurses’ experience of violence in Alberta and British Columbia hospitals. CJNR Can J Nurs Res.2001;32(4):57-78.
• Gallant-Roman MA. Strategies and tools to reduce workplace violence. Workplace Health Saf. 2008;56(11):449.
• Little L. Risk factors for assaults on nursing staff: childhood abuse and education level. J Nurs Adm. 1999;29(12):22–9.
• Tang J-S, Chen C-L, Zhang Z-R, Wang L. Incidence and related factors of violence in emergency departments—a study of nurses in southern Taiwan. J Formos Med Assoc. 2007;106(9):748–58.
• Ayrancı Ü, Yenilmez Ç, Günay Y, Kaptanoğlu C. Çeşitli sağlık kurumlarında ve sağlık meslek gruplarında şiddete uğrama sıklığı. Anadolu Psikiyatr Derg. 2002;3(3):147–54.
• Alçelik A, Deniz F, Yeşildal N, Mayda AS, Ayakta B. AİBÜ Tıp Fakültesi Hastanesinde Görev Yapan Hemşirelerin Sağlık Sorunları ve Yaşam Alışkanlıklarının Değerlendirilmesi. TAF Prev Med Bull. 2005; 4 (2): 55-65.
• Hobbs FDR, Keane UM. Aggression against doctors: a review. J R Soc Med. 1996;89(2):69–72.
• Boz B, Acar K, Ergin AD, Erdur B, Kurtulus A, Turkcuer I, et al. Violence toward health care workers in emergency departments in Denizli, Turkey. Adv Ther. 2006;23(2):364–9.
• Ergor A, Kilic B, Gurpinar E. Saglik ocaklarinda is riskleri. Mesleki Saglik Mesleki Saglik Guven Derg. 2001;16:44–51.
• Winstanley S, Whittington R. Aggression towards health care staff in a UK general hospital: variation among professions and departments. J Clin Nurs. 2004;13(1):3–10.
• Crilly J, Chaboyer W, Creedy D. Violence towards emergency department nurses by patients. Accid Emerg Nurs. 2004;12(2):67–73.
• Fernandes CMB, Bouthillette F, Raboud JM, Bullock L, Moore CF, Christenson JM, et al. Violence in the emergency department: a survey of health care workers. Can Med Assoc J. 1999;161(10):1245–8.
• Kowalenko T, Walters BL, Khare RK, Compton S, Force MC of EPWVT. Workplace violence: a survey of emergency physicians in the state of Michigan. Ann Emerg Med. 2005;46(2):142–7.
• Luck L, Jackson D, Usher K. Innocent or culpable? Meanings that emergency department nurses ascribe to individual acts of violence. J Clin Nurs. 2008;17(8):1071–8.
• Luck L, Jackson D, Usher K. STAMP: components of observable behaviour that indicate potential for patient violence in emergency departments. J Adv Nurs. 2007;59(1):11–9.
• Aydin B, Kartal M, Midik O, Buyukakkus A. Violence against general practitioners in Turkey. J Interpers Violence. 2009;24(12):1980–95.
• Ayranci U, Yenilmez C, Balci Y, Kaptanoglu C. Identification of violence in Turkish health care settings. J Interpers Violence. 2006;21(2):276–96.
• Bowers L, Allan T, Simpson A, Nijman H, Warren J. Adverse incidents, patient flow and nursing workforce variables on acute psychiatric wards: The Tompkins Acute Ward Study. Int J Soc Psychiatry. 2007;53(1):75–84.
• Gallant-Roman MA. Ensuring nurses’ safety in violent workplaces. Workplace Health Saf. 2008;56(2):51.
• Carmi-Iluz T, Peleg R, Freud T, Shvartzman P. Verbal and physical violence towards hospital-and community-based physicians in the Negev: an observational study. BMC Health Serv Res. 2005;5(1):54.
• Saines JC. Violence and aggression in A&E: recommendations for action. Accid Emerg Nurs. 1999;7(1):8–12.
• Aydin M. Isparta-Burdur saglik calisanlarina yonelik siddet ve siddet algisi. Turk Tabipleri Birl Isparta-Burdur Tabip Odasi Baskanl. 2008.
• Merecz D, Rymaszewska J, Mościcka A, Kiejna A, Jarosz-Nowak J. Violence at the workplace—A questionnaire survey of nurses. Eur psychiatry. 2006;21(7):442–50.
• Aslan HÖ, Lofçalı HA, Uğur HŞ, Tuğlu HA. Hemşirelerin Acil Serviste Şiddet İçeren Olgu Senaryolarına Yaklaşımları. Gülhane Tıp Derg. 2005;18.
• Lau JBC, Magarey J, McCutcheon H. Violence in the emergency department: A literature review. Aust Emerg Nurs J. 2004;7(2):27–37.
• Ross J, Ranum D. Improving patient safety by understanding past experiences in day surgery and PACU. J PeriAnesthesia Nurs. 2009;24(3):144–51.
• Anderson C, Parish M. Report of workplace violence by Hispanic nurses. J Transcult Nurs. 2003;14(3):237–43.
• Whelan T. The escalating trend of violence toward nurses. J Emerg Nurs. 2008;34(2):130–3.