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EVACUATION PLANNING AND EVACUATION TIME ESTIMATE ANALYSES METHODS FOR NUCLEAR POWER PLANTS

Yıl 2019, Cilt: 31 Sayı: 2, 80 - 92, 31.12.2019

Öz

Evacuation with the use of iodine pills is the most
preferred protective action before the release of radioactive material for
those living in emergency planning zones during general emergency situations
that may occur in all nuclear power plants with thermal power higher than 100
MW. In this way, deterministic health effects on people living in the region
can be prevented and radiation doses above the international generic criteria
for the implementation of protective actions and other response activities can
be prevented.
In this context, during the
preparation of emergency plans for nuclear power plant emergencies, evacuation
plans and analysis to determine the evacuation time estimate gain importance.



In this study, the issues that need to be emphasized
during the evacuation planning studies are explained and the information about
the contents of the presentations of these studies in the emergency plans are
given on the basis of scientific articles and regulatory and technical
documents of USA.
While explaining
the issues related to the calculation of the evacuation time estimate, the
topics such as the generation of demand estimates, determination of roadway
capacity and analysis methods to be used were emphasized.
Within the scope of the studies related to evacuation
planning and determination of evacuation time estimate, it was concluded that
the evacuation delay factors specific to the country or region where the
nuclear power plants are located should be taken into consideration in addition
to the issues stated in the relevant regulatory and technical documents.

Kaynakça

  • 1) Conlow, L. (2008). Evaluation of the Emergency Evacuation Plan for the Oyster Creek Nuclear Power Plant. Middle States Geographer 41(1), 36-44.
  • 2) IAEA. (2013). Actions to Protect the Public in an Emergency due to Severe Conditions at a Light Water Reactor, EPR-NPP Public Protective Actions. Vienna: International Atomic Energy Agency.
  • 3) Lee, J., Jeong, J. J., Shin, W., Song, E., Cho, C. (2016). The Estimated Evacuation Time for the Emergency Planning Zone of the Kori Nuclear Site, with a Focus on the Precautionary Action Zone. Journal of Radiation Protection and Research 41(3), 196-205.
  • 4) Tanigawa K., Hosoi Y., Hirohashi N., Iwasaki Y., Kamiya K. (2012). Loss of Life After Evacuation: Lessons Learned from the Fukushima Accident. The Lancet, 379( 9819), 889-891.
  • 5) Urbanik T. (2000). Evacuation Time Estimates for Nuclear Power Plants. Journal of Hazardous Materials 75(2-3), 165-180.
  • 6) U.S. NRC. (1980). Criteria for Preparation and Evaluation of Radiological Emergency Response Plans and Preparedness in Support of Nuclear Power Plants (NUREG-0654 FEMA-REP-1 Rev.1). Washington D.C.: United States Nuclear Regulatory Commission.
  • 7) U.S. NRC. (1987). Pilot Program: NRC Severe Reactor Incident Response Training Manual (NUREG-1210). Washington D.C.: United States Nuclear Regulatory Commission.
  • 8) U.S. NRC. (2005). Identification and Analysis of Factors Affecting Emergency Evacuations (NUREG/CR-6864). Washington D.C.: United States Nuclear Regulatory Commission.
  • 9) U.S. NRC. (2011). Criteria for Development of Evacuation Time Estimate Studies (NUREG/CR-7002). Washington D.C.: United States Nuclear Regulatory Commission.
Yıl 2019, Cilt: 31 Sayı: 2, 80 - 92, 31.12.2019

Öz

Termal gücü 100 MW ve üzerinde olan tüm nükleer santrallerde meydana
gelebilecek genel acil durumlar sırasında acil durum planlama bölgeleri içinde
yaşayanlar için radyoaktif madde salımının meydana gelmesinden önce iyot
tableti kullanımı ile beraber uygulanacak tahliye işlemi en çok tercih edilen
koruyucu eylemdir. Bu sayede, bölgede yaşayan insanlar üzerinde oluşabilecek
deterministik sağlık etkileri engellenebilir ve acil koruyucu eylemler ile
diğer müdahale faaliyetlerinin uygulanması ilişkin uluslararası genel
kriterlerin üzerinde radyasyon dozlarının alınması önlenebilir. Bu kapsamda,
nükleer santral kaynaklı acil durumlar için acil durum planlarının hazırlanması
sırasında tahliye planlamaları ve tahliye süresinin belirlenmesine yönelik
analizler önem kazanmaktadır.



            Bu çalışmada, tahliye
planlamalarına dair çalışmalar yapılırken üzerinde durulması gereken hususlar
açıklanmış ve bu çalışmaların acil durum planlarındaki sunumlarının
içeriklerine ilişkin bilgiler konuya ilişkin bilimsel makaleler ve ABD’nin
düzenleyici ve teknik dokümanları temel alınarak verilmiştir. Tahliye süresinin
belirlenmesi ile ilgili konular açıklanırken talep tahminlerinin oluşturulması,
trafik kapasitesinin belirlenmesi ve kullanılacak analiz yöntemleri
başlıklarının üzerinde durulmuştur. Tahliye planlaması ve tahliye süresinin
belirlenmesi ile ilgili çalışmalar kapsamında konuya ilişkin düzenleyici ve
teknik dokümanlarda yer alan hususların yanı sıra nükleer santrallerin yer
aldığı ülke veya yöreye özel tahliyeyi geciktirici etkenlerin de dikkate
alınması gerektiği sonucuna varılmıştır.  

Kaynakça

  • 1) Conlow, L. (2008). Evaluation of the Emergency Evacuation Plan for the Oyster Creek Nuclear Power Plant. Middle States Geographer 41(1), 36-44.
  • 2) IAEA. (2013). Actions to Protect the Public in an Emergency due to Severe Conditions at a Light Water Reactor, EPR-NPP Public Protective Actions. Vienna: International Atomic Energy Agency.
  • 3) Lee, J., Jeong, J. J., Shin, W., Song, E., Cho, C. (2016). The Estimated Evacuation Time for the Emergency Planning Zone of the Kori Nuclear Site, with a Focus on the Precautionary Action Zone. Journal of Radiation Protection and Research 41(3), 196-205.
  • 4) Tanigawa K., Hosoi Y., Hirohashi N., Iwasaki Y., Kamiya K. (2012). Loss of Life After Evacuation: Lessons Learned from the Fukushima Accident. The Lancet, 379( 9819), 889-891.
  • 5) Urbanik T. (2000). Evacuation Time Estimates for Nuclear Power Plants. Journal of Hazardous Materials 75(2-3), 165-180.
  • 6) U.S. NRC. (1980). Criteria for Preparation and Evaluation of Radiological Emergency Response Plans and Preparedness in Support of Nuclear Power Plants (NUREG-0654 FEMA-REP-1 Rev.1). Washington D.C.: United States Nuclear Regulatory Commission.
  • 7) U.S. NRC. (1987). Pilot Program: NRC Severe Reactor Incident Response Training Manual (NUREG-1210). Washington D.C.: United States Nuclear Regulatory Commission.
  • 8) U.S. NRC. (2005). Identification and Analysis of Factors Affecting Emergency Evacuations (NUREG/CR-6864). Washington D.C.: United States Nuclear Regulatory Commission.
  • 9) U.S. NRC. (2011). Criteria for Development of Evacuation Time Estimate Studies (NUREG/CR-7002). Washington D.C.: United States Nuclear Regulatory Commission.
Toplam 9 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Metroloji,Uygulamalı ve Endüstriyel Fizik
Bölüm Articles
Yazarlar

Sertan Yeşil

Yayımlanma Tarihi 31 Aralık 2019
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2019 Cilt: 31 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Yeşil, S. (2019). EVACUATION PLANNING AND EVACUATION TIME ESTIMATE ANALYSES METHODS FOR NUCLEAR POWER PLANTS. Turkish Journal of Nuclear Sciences, 31(2), 80-92.
AMA Yeşil S. EVACUATION PLANNING AND EVACUATION TIME ESTIMATE ANALYSES METHODS FOR NUCLEAR POWER PLANTS. Turkish Journal of Nuclear Sciences. Aralık 2019;31(2):80-92.
Chicago Yeşil, Sertan. “EVACUATION PLANNING AND EVACUATION TIME ESTIMATE ANALYSES METHODS FOR NUCLEAR POWER PLANTS”. Turkish Journal of Nuclear Sciences 31, sy. 2 (Aralık 2019): 80-92.
EndNote Yeşil S (01 Aralık 2019) EVACUATION PLANNING AND EVACUATION TIME ESTIMATE ANALYSES METHODS FOR NUCLEAR POWER PLANTS. Turkish Journal of Nuclear Sciences 31 2 80–92.
IEEE S. Yeşil, “EVACUATION PLANNING AND EVACUATION TIME ESTIMATE ANALYSES METHODS FOR NUCLEAR POWER PLANTS”, Turkish Journal of Nuclear Sciences, c. 31, sy. 2, ss. 80–92, 2019.
ISNAD Yeşil, Sertan. “EVACUATION PLANNING AND EVACUATION TIME ESTIMATE ANALYSES METHODS FOR NUCLEAR POWER PLANTS”. Turkish Journal of Nuclear Sciences 31/2 (Aralık 2019), 80-92.
JAMA Yeşil S. EVACUATION PLANNING AND EVACUATION TIME ESTIMATE ANALYSES METHODS FOR NUCLEAR POWER PLANTS. Turkish Journal of Nuclear Sciences. 2019;31:80–92.
MLA Yeşil, Sertan. “EVACUATION PLANNING AND EVACUATION TIME ESTIMATE ANALYSES METHODS FOR NUCLEAR POWER PLANTS”. Turkish Journal of Nuclear Sciences, c. 31, sy. 2, 2019, ss. 80-92.
Vancouver Yeşil S. EVACUATION PLANNING AND EVACUATION TIME ESTIMATE ANALYSES METHODS FOR NUCLEAR POWER PLANTS. Turkish Journal of Nuclear Sciences. 2019;31(2):80-92.