FARKLI ZEMİNLERDE UYGULANAN BRIDGE-PLANK EGZERSİZLERİNDE UYLUK KAS AKTİVASYONUNUN İNCELENMESİ

Öz

Amaç: Araştırmanın amacı, hem genel vücut kuvvetini geliştirmek hem de yaralanma sonrası süreçte tedaviye katkı sağlaması amacıyla farklı zeminlerde uygulanan sırtüstü köprü ve ters plank egzersizlerindeki hamstring-quadriceps kas aktivasyonlarının incelenmesiydi. Yöntem: Araştırmaya aktif spor yaşantısı olmayan 10 katılımcı (dört erkek ve altı kadın, yaş=26,70±3,02 yıl) dâhil edildi. Randomize olarak sabit ve sabit olmayan zeminlerde bilateral köprü ve bilateral ters plank egzersizleri uygulandı. Araştırmada katılımcıların vastus medialis (VM), vastus lateralis (VL), biceps femoris (BF) ve semitendinosus (SEM) kas aktivasyon seviyeleri incelendi. Egzersiz sırasında meydana gelen kas aktivitesi ile birlikte hamstring (BF+SEM)/ quadriceps (VM+VL) oranı da tespit edildi (H:Q). Sonuçlar: En düşük ko-aktivasyon oranı (en dengeli H:Q aktivasyonu) sabit zemin köprü egzersizinde (5,83±4,04) ve en yüksek ko-aktivasyon oranı (hamstring dominant aktivasyon) sabit zemin plank egzersizinde (8,84±6,60) görüldü. H:Q ko-aktivasyon oranında egzersizler arasında anlamlı farklılık bulunmadı (p>0,05). Egzersiz ve zemin farklılığı açısından hamstring ve quadriceps grubunda plank lehine istatistiksel olarak anlamlı farklılık tespit edildi (p<0,05). Tartışma: Ters plank egzersizi sırtüstü köprüye göre daha yüksek agonist kas aktivasyonuna sahiptir. Bu sebeple, özellikle yüksek ko-aktivasyon oranı gerektiren rehabilitasyon sürecindeki hastalara köprü egzersizinin tavsiye edilebileceği düşünülmektedir. Değişik klinik sorunlarda yapılacak değerlendirmeler yön gösterici olabilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Elektromyografi
• Egzersiz
• Rehabilitasyon
• Terapatik

AN EXAMINATION OF THIGH MUSCLE ACTIVATIONS IN BRIDGE-PLANK EXERCISES PERFORMED ON DIFFERENT GROUNDS

Abstract

Purpose: The study aimed to examine hamstring-quadriceps muscle activations of the supine bridge and reverse plank exercises that are performed for both improving the overall body strength and contributing to the treatment in the process following an injury on different grounds. Methods: Ten participants (four males and six females, age=26.70±3.02 years) without regular sports habits were included in the study. Bilateral supine bridge and bilateral reverse plank exercises were practiced randomly on stable and unstable grounds. In the study, muscle activation values of vastus medialis (VM), vastus lateralis (VL), biceps femoris (BF) and semitendinosus (SEM) muscles of the participants were examined. Along with the muscle activation that occurred during the exercise, hamstring (BF+SEM)/quadriceps (VM+VL) ratio was also determined (H:Q). Results: The lowest co-activation ratio (most balanced H:Q activation) was observed on stable ground bridge exercise (5.83±4.04), and the largest co-activation ratio (hamstring dominant activation) was observed on stable ground plank exercise (8.84±6.60). No significant difference was found between exercises at H:Q co-activation ratio (p>0.05). A statistically significant difference was found in the quadriceps and hamstring group in terms of exercise and difference ground in favor of plank (p<0.05). Conclusion: Reverse plank exercise has greater agonist muscle activation than the supine bridge. Therefore, it is thought that bridge exercise could be advised in the rehabilitation process that necessitates a high level of balance, especially in co-activation ratio. Further study with various clinical problems may direct the process.

Keywords

• Exercise
• Electromygoraphy
• Rehabilitation
• Therapeutic

Kaynakça

1. 1.Boyce R, Boone E, Stallings J, Wilde C. A multidisciplinary approach to a time-efficient low back exercise intervention in a small manufacturing plant: a case study. J Exerc Physiol Online. 2008;11(4):12-24.
2. 2.Lee J, Jeong K, Lee H, Shin J, Choi J, Kang S, et al. Comparison of three different surface plank exercises on core muscle activity. Ther Rehab Sc. 2015;5(1):29-33.
3. 3.Byrne JM, Bishop NS, Caines AM, Cranev KA, Feaver AM, Pearcey GE. Effect of using a suspension training system on muscle activation during the performance of a front plank exercise. J Strength Cond Res. 2014;28(11):3049-55.
4. 4.Czaprowski D, Afeltowicz A, Gębicka A, Pawłowska P, Kędra A, Barrios C, et al. Abdominal muscle EMG-activity during bridge exercises on stable and unstable surfaces. Phys Ther Sport. 2014;15(3):162-8.
5. 5.Vera-Garcia FJ, Grenier SG, McGill SM. Abdominal muscle response during curl-ups on both stable and labile surfaces. Phys Ther. 2000;80(6):564-9.
6. 6.Ferreira LAB, Pereira WM, Rossi LP, Kerpers II, de Paula Jr AR., Oliveira CS. Analysis of electromyographic activity of ankle muscles on stable and unstable surfaces with eyes open and closed. J Bodyw Mov Ther. 2011;15(4):496-501.
7. 7.Anderson KG, Behm DG. Maintenance of EMG activity and loss of force output with instability. J Strength Cond Res. 2004;18(3):637-40.
8. 8.Behm DG, Anderson K, Curnew RS. Muscle force and activation under stable and unstable conditions. J Strength Cond Res. 2002;16(3):416-22.

9. 9.Saeterbakken AH, Fimland MS. Electromyographic activity and 6RM strength in bench press on stable and unstable surfaces. J Strength Cond Res. 2013;27(4):1101-7.
10. 10.Lawrence MA, Carlson LA. Effects of an unstable load on force and muscle activation during a parallel back squat. J Strength Cond Res. 2015;29(10):2949-53.
11. 11.Kim MJ, Oh DW, Park HJ. Integrating arm movement into bridge exercise: Effect on EMG activity of selected trunk muscles. J Electromyogr Kinesiol. 2013;23(5):1119-23.
12. 12.Walsh M, Boling MC, McGrath M, Blackburn JT, Padua DA. Lower extremity muscle activation and knee flexion during a jump-landing task. J Athl Train. 2012;47(4):406-13.
13. 13.Miller JP, Croce RV, Hutchins R. Reciprocal coactivation patterns of the medial and lateral quadriceps and hamstrings during slow, medium and high speed isokinetic movements. J Electromyogr Kinesiol. 2000;10(4):233-9.
14. 14.Dedinsky R, Baker L, Imbus S, Bowman M, Murray L. Exercises that facilitate optimal hamstring and quadriceps co-activation to help decrease acl injury risk in healthy females: a systematic review of the literature. Int J Sports Phys Ther. 2017;12(1):3-15.
15. 15.Begalle RL, DiStefano LJ, Blackburn T, Padua DA. Quadriceps and hamstrings coactivation during common therapeutic exercises. J Athl Train. 2012;47(4):396-405.
16. 16.Hakkinen K, Kallinen M, Izquierdo M, Jokelainen K, Lassila H, Malkia E, et al. Changes in agonist-antagonist EMG, muscle CSA, and force during strength training in middle-aged and older people. J Appl Physiol. 1998;84(4):1341-9.
17. 17.Andrade R, Araújo RC, Tucci HT, Martins J, Oliveira AS. Coactivation of the shoulder and arm muscles during closed kinetic chain exercises on an unstable surface. Singapore Med J. 2011;52(1):35-41.
18. 18.Imai A, Kaneoka K, Okubo Y, Shiina I, Tatsumura M, Izumi S, et al. Trunk muscle activity during lumbar stabilization exercises on both a stable and unstable surface. J Orthop. Sports Phys. Ther. 2010;40(6):369-75.
19. 19.McBride JM, Larkin TR, Dayne AM, Haines TL, Kirby TJ. Effect of absolute and relative loading on muscle activity during stable and unstable squatting. Int J Sports Physiol Perform. 2010;5(2):177-83.
20. 20.Wahl MJ, Behm DG. Not all instability training devices enhance muscle activation in highly resistance-trained individuals. J Strength Cond Res. 2008;22(4):1360-70.
21. 21.Kohler JM, Flanagan SP, Whiting WC. Muscle activation patterns while lifting stable and unstable loads on stable and unstable surfaces. J Strength Cond Res. 2010;24(2):313-21.
22. 22.Anderson K, Behm DG. Trunk muscle activity increases with unstable squat movements. Can J Appl Physiol. 2005;30(1):33-45.
23. 23.Norwood JT, Anderson GS, Gaetz MB, Twist PW. Electromyographic activity of the trunk stabilizers during stable and unstable bench press. J Strength Cond Res. 2007;21(2):343-8
24. 24.Reeves NP, Everding VQ, Cholewicki J, Morrisette DC. The effects of trunk stiffness on postural control during unstable seated balance. Exp Brain Res. 2006;174(4):694-700.