Bitki Beslenmesi ve Bitki Hastalıkları İlişkisi

Yıl 2023, , 42 - 49, 23.06.2023

Zeliha Küçükyumuk Ümit Bayındır

https://doi.org/10.55979/tjse.1192093

Öz

Bitki, bitki besin elementleri ve hastalık oluşumuna sebep olan patojenler arasındaki ilişki çok karmaşıktır. Bitki besleme ve bitki hastalıkları arasındaki ilişki çoğunlukla gündeme gelmese de bitki besleme, her zaman bitki hastalıklarının kontrolünde birincil bileşen olmuştur. Bitkilerin yetiştirildiği çoğu toprak ve ortam, bol miktarda hastalık patojeni içerir. Besin elementi eksikliği görülen bitkiler daha az dirençlidir ve çeşitli hastalıklara karşı daha duyarlıdır. Bu bakımdan tüm bitki besin elementleri bitki hastalıklarına etki eder. Bazı bitki besin elementlerinin diğer besin elementlerine göre bitki hastalıkları üzerine doğrudan ve daha fazla etkisi vardır. Bu çalışmada bazı bitki besin elementlerinin (N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Zn, Mn, Cu, B) bazı fungal ve bakteriyel hastalıklara karşı gösterdiği direnç ile ilgili çalışmalar derlenmiş, ayrıca bitki hastalıklarına karşı önemli bitki besin maddeleri ve bunların bitki hastalıklarıyla olan ilişkileri incelenmiştir. İyi planlanmış bir gübreleme programı; sağlıklı üretim, optimum verim ve maksimum kazanç için gereklidir. Verim artışı ve hastalıklara direnç göstermede besin elementlerinin varlığı önemlidir. Bitkilerin beslenmesini iyileştirmenin tüm bitki hastalıklarına olmasa da birçok bitki hastalığına karşı yardımcı olacağı söylenebilir. Bunun yanında, çoğu hastalığın şiddeti azaltılabilir ve birçok bitki patojeninin kimyasal, biyolojik veya genetik kontrolü uygun beslenme ile artırılabilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Besleme ve hastalık ilişkisi, Bitki besleme, Hastalık

The Relationship between Plant Nutrition and Plant Diseases

Öz

The relationship between plant, plant nutrients and disease pathogens is very complex. Plant nutrition has always been the primary component of disease control, although the relationship between plant nutrition and disease is often not on the agenda. Most soils and environments in which plants are grown contain abundant disease pathogens. Plants with nutrient deficiencies are less resistant and more susceptible to diseases. In this respect, all plant nutrients affect plant diseases. Some plant nutrients have a direct and greater effect on plant diseases than other nutrients. In this study, studies on the resistance of some plant nutrients (N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Zn, Mn, Cu, B) against some fungal and bacterial diseases are given. In addition, important plant nutrients against diseases and relations with diseases were examined. A well-planned fertilization program is essential for healthy production, optimum yield and maximum profit. The presence of nutrients is important in increasing yield and resisting diseases. It can be said that improving the nutrition of plants will help against not all diseases but many of diseases. The severity of most diseases can be reduced, and the chemical, biological, or genetic control of many plant pathogens can be enhanced by appropriate nutrition programme.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Nutrient disease relation, Plant nutrition, Disease

Kaynakça

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