Machine Learning and Hybrid Fuzzy Logic for Prediction and Optimization of Flexible Supercapacitor Performance for Smart Textiles

Öz

In this study, a hybrid decision support system combining Fuzzy AHP, Type-2 Fuzzy TOPSIS, and XGBoost+SHAP methods has been developed for performance optimization of smart textile-based flexible supercapacitor electrodes. Experimental data were collected under over 250 different synthesis conditions to investigate the effects of synthesis parameters; surface area, pore size, conductivity, film thickness, synthesis temperature, flexibility on performance outputs; specific capacitance, energy density, cyclic stability. The highest value for specific capacitance (912 F/g) was obtained at surface area 2450 m²/g, pore size 22 nm, conductivity 8500 S/cm and synthesis temperature 1050°C. According to Fuzzy AHP, the weight of surface area was 0.68, while XGBoost+SHAP showed that this parameter provides an average positive contribution of +47 F/g. The maximum energy density (72.4 Wh/kg) was measured at synthesis temperature 1200°C, conductivity 9800 S/cm, surface area 2300 m²/g. In Type-2 TOPSIS, this point was classified as "excellent" (closeness coefficient 0.94). The highest cyclic stability (92.3%) was observed at pore size 35 nm, film thickness 125 µm, synthesis temperature 700°C. SHAP analysis showed that stability decreases by 12% when pore size falls below 25 nm. High agreement was found between the prediction accuracy of the hybrid model (R² = 0.94) and experimental results.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Smart textile
• Type-2 fuzzy logic
• Machine learning
• Energy density
• Cyclic stability
• Specific capacitance.

Makine Öğrenmesi ve Hibrit Bulanık Mantık ile Akıllı Tekstiller için Esnek Süperkapasitör Performansının Tahmini ve Optimizasyonu

Öz

Bu çalışmada, akıllı tekstil tabanlı esnek süperkapasitör elektrotlarının performans optimizasyonu için Hibrit Bulanık AHP, Tip-2 Bulanık TOPSIS ve XGBoost+SHAP yöntemlerini birleştiren hibrit bir karar destek sistemi geliştirilmiştir. Deneysel veriler, 6 farklı sentez parametresi olan; yüzey alanı, gözenek boyutu, iletkenlik, film kalınlığı, sentez sıcaklığı, esneklik ile 3 farklı performans çıktısı olan özgül kapasitans, enerji yoğunluğu, döngüsel kararlılık üzerindeki etkilerini incelemek üzere 250’den fazla farklı sentez koşulunda toplanmıştır. Özgül kapasitans için en yüksek değer (912 F/g), yüzey alanı 2450 m²/g, gözenek boyutu 22 nm, iletkenlik 8500 S/cm ve sentez sıcaklığı 1050°C’de elde edilmiştir. Hibrit Fuzzy AHP’ye göre yüzey alanı ağırlığı 0.68 iken, XGBoost+SHAP bu parametrenin ortalama +47 F/g pozitif katkı sağladığını göstermiştir. Enerji yoğunluğu maksimumu (72.4 Wh/kg), sentez sıcaklığı 1200°C, iletkenlik 9800 S/cm, yüzey alanı 2300 m²/g’de ölçülmüştür. Tip-2 TOPSIS’te bu nokta “mükemmel” (yakınlık katsayısı 0.94) olarak sınıflandırılmıştır. Döngüsel kararlılık en yüksek (%92.3), gözenek boyutu 35 nm, film kalınlığı 125 µm, sentez sıcaklığı 700°C’de gözlenmiştir. SHAP analizi, gözenek boyutunun 25 nm altına düşmesi durumunda kararlılığın %12 oranında azaldığını göstermiştir. Hibrit modelin tahmin doğruluğu (R² = 0.94) ile deneysel sonuçlar arasında yüksek uyum bulunmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Akıllı tekstil
• Tip-2 bulanık mantık
• Makine öğrenmesi
• Enerji yoğunluğu
• Döngüsel kararlılık
• Özgül kapasitans.

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