Farklı Yaşlardaki Bombus terrestris L. İşçi Arılarında Chlorantraniliprole ve Flubendiamide’nin Akut Toksisitesinin Değerlendirilmesi

Öz

Örtü altı domates yetiştiriciliğinde tozlaşmanın sağlanması amacıyla kullanılan Bombus terrestris L. kolonilerinde, koloninin ihtiyacı doğrultusunda tarlacılık faaliyetinde yer alan farklı yaştaki işçi arılar kullanılan kimyasallara maruz kalması kolonilerin tozlaştırma performansını etkileyebilmektedir. Bu nedenle zararlılar ile mücadelede kullanılan kimyasalların farklı yaştaki bombus arıları üzerine etkisinin bilinmesi kolonilerden tozlaşma amacıyla etkin bir şekilde yararlanılması açısından da önemlidir. Bu çalışma domates yetiştiriciliğinde Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) zararlısına karşı yoğun olarak tercih edilen Chlorantraniliprole (Altacor) ve Flubendiamide (Takumi) etken maddeli insektisitlerin tavsiye edilen dozlarının (sırasıyla; 12 g/100 L su ve 15 g/100 L su) farklı yaşlardaki B. terrestris işçi arıları üzerine etkisinin araştırılması amacıyla gerçekleştirilmiştir. İnsektisitler 1, 3, 7 ve 10 günlük yaştaki işçi arılara püskürtme yöntemi ile uygulanmıştır ve her bir yaş grubunda 15’er adet olmak üzere toplam 60 mikro koloni hazırlanmıştır. İnsektisitlere maruz kalan işçi arılar ile oluşturulan mikro koloniler 1., 3., 5. ve 7. günlerde kontrol edilmiş ve ölen işçi arı sayıları kaydedilmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlar incelendiğinde tüm yaş ve ilaç gruplarında toplam işçi arı ölüm oranı %25’in altında kalmış ve Uluslararası Biyolojik Mücadele Organizasyonu (IOBC) toksisite skalasına göre, çalışmada kullanılan Chlorantraniliprole ve Flubendiamide etken maddeli bitki koruma ürünlerinin farklı yaşlardaki B. terrestris işçi arıları için zehirsiz olduğu belirlenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Bombus terrestris
• Chlorantraniliprole
• Flubendiamide
• Tuta absoluta

Assessing the Acute Toxicity of Chlorantraniliprole and Flubendiamide in Bombus terrestris Workers of Different Ages

Öz

Bombus terrestris colonies are used for pollination in greenhouse tomato cultivation. Different-ages workers in these colonies involved in foraging activities in line with the necessities of the colony face the risk of exposure to chemicals used. Therefore, exposure of forager workers to chemicals directly and other individuals in the colony indirectly may affect the pollination performance of colonies. For this reason, knowing the effect of chemicals used in pest control on bumblebees is also important in terms of effectively benefiting from colonies for pollination. This study was carried out to investigate the effects of the recommended doses of insecticide active ingredients with Chlorantraniliprole and Flubendiamide (12 g/100 L water and 15 g/100 L water, respectively), which are highly preferred against Tuta absoluta pest in tomato cultivation, on B. terrestris worker bees of different ages. Insecticides were applied to workers of 1 day, 3 days, 7 days, and 10 days of age by spraying method and the total of 60 microcolonies were prepared, 15 each in each age group. Microcolonies formed by workers exposed to insecticides were checked on the 1st, 3rd, 5th, and 7th days and the number of dying worker bees was recorded. When the results were examined, the total workers mortality rate in all age and experiment groups remained below 25%. According to the International Organization for Biological Control (IOBC) toxicity scale, plant protection products with the active ingredient Chlorantraniliprole and Flubendiamide used in the study were found to be non-toxic to B. terrestris worker bees of different ages.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Bombus terrestris
• Chlorantraniliprole
• Flubendiamide
• Tuta absoluta

Kaynakça

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