INTERTWINED ROLES OF THE POLITICS OF BELONGING AND POLITICAL SOCIALIZATION IN THE MODERN POLITICAL PROJECTS

Öz

This study intends to make a comprehensive analysis of the intertwined roles of the politics of belonging and political socialization in the modern political world. In this sense, basic hypothesis behind this study is that while mankind’s need to belong is regarded as among the innate traits, the politics of belonging, on the other hand, is a modern phenomenon like the nation is. In simple terms, transition from pre-modernity to the modernity basically refers to emergence of subjective rights in favour of the individual who became right-bearer entity. That also means transformation of the legal ground in which any individual could have multiple social positions in a non-stratified societal construction instead strictly depending on only one lifetime fixed social position a peculiar social layer or hierarchy as apparently seen in the pre-modernity. Therefore, the emergence of the politics of belonging is strictly associated with that of the modernity, because of the fact that the main subject of the politics of belonging is basically the modern right-bearer individual whose political preferences are formed by his/her political socialization processes. Apparently, studying the politics of belonging in the context of the modernity and taking into account its intertwined relations with the political socialization eventually makes us rethink all the modern political conceptions like nation(alism), ethnicity, gender, terrorism, religious fundamentalism, migration and refugee issues and so on.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• need to belong
• politics of belonging
• social exclusion
• political socialization
• subjective rights

AİDİYET SİYASETİ VE SİYASAL SOSYALLEŞMENİN MODERN SİYASAL PROJELERDEKİ BÜTÜNLEŞİK ROLLERİ

Öz

Bu makelede, aidiyet siyaseti ve siyasal sosyalleşmenin modern siyasal dünyada iç içe geçmiş olan rollerinin kapsamlı bir analizinin ortaya konulması amaçlanmıştır. Çalışma temel olarak, aidiyet ihtiyacı insan doğasının temel özelliğini ifade etmesine karşın, aidiyet siyasetinin, ulus gibi, modern dünyaya özgü bir olgu olduğu hipotezine dayanmaktadır. Basitçe ifade edilecek olursa, modern öncesi dönemden moderniteye geçiş, temel olarak, bireyi belirli haklara sahip olan siyasal bir varlığa dönüştüren subjektif hakların ortaya çıkışıyla ilgilidir. Bu, aynı zamanda, belirli bir sosyal tabaka ya da hiyerarşi içindeki bireyi, ömür boyu sabit bir sosyal konumda bırakan modern öncesi yasal zeminin ve sosyal düzenin dönüşmesi ve bireyin artık tabakasız ya da hiyerarşik olmayan modern toplumsal yapıda çoklu sosyal konumlar elde edebilmesi anlamına gelmekteydi. Bu nedenledir ki, aidiyet siyasetinin ortaya çıkışı modernitenin ortaya çıkışıyla yakından ilgilidir; öyle ki aidiyet siyasetinin temel öznesi, otoriteye karşı belirli haklara sahip olan ve siyasal tercihleri kendi öznel politik siyasallaşma süreçleri tarafından biçimlenen bireydir. Açıkça görülmektedir ki, aidiyet siyasetini modernite bağlamında düşünmek ve onu siyasal sosyalleşmeyle iç içe geçmiş olan rolleriyle birlikte yeniden ele almak, nihayetinde ulus, etnisite, toplumsal cinsiyet, terörizm, dinsel köktencilik, göç ve mülteci sorunları vs. gibi modern siyasal kavramların yeniden düşünülmesine yol açacaktır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• aidiyet ihtiyacı
• aidiyet siyaseti
• sosyal dışlanma
• siyasal sosyalleşme
• subjektif haklar

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